Objective To explore the long term effects of Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy on memory and learning ability of her child and provide therapeutic strategy. Methods Middle-school students selected according to their mother's pregnant record of Toxoplasma gondii IgM, CAg were divided into three groups: healthy group (negative Toxoplasma gondii IgM, CAg in both mother's blood and umbilical cord blood), non infected group (positive in mother's blood, but negative in umbilical cord blood), infected group (positive in both mother's blood and umbilical cord blood). Infected group was subdivided into treated group (with special training) and untreated group. All objects wereevaluated their memory and learning ability with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) , Tower of Hanoi (TOH-1-TOH-d-TOH-s-TOH-2) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST-1-WCST-d-WCST-s-WCST-2). Results The scores in items about calculation, recall and total of MMSE were significantly lower in untreated group than that in non infected group (P < 0.05). The scores of TOH and WCST in infected group was significantly different from uninfected group (P < 0.05). The scores of WCST were significantly improved in treated group (P < 0.05) after training, however, have no difference in the scores of TOH between treated group and untreated group (P > 0.05). Conclusions Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy damages the infected children's mental development. Early cognitive rehabilitation is very important for the infected children.

Objective To investigate the correlation between adiponectin, CRP and homocysteine (Hcy) and evaluate its mechanism in acute cerebral infarction. Methods Serum adiponectin, hs-CRP,Hcy, blood lipid, FPG and blood pressure were measured in eighty patients with acute cerebral infarction ( cerebral infarction group) and eighty healthy persons ( control group). Results In cerebral infarction group, serum hs-CRP, Hcy, TG , and systolic pressure were significantly higher than in control group ( P ＜0. 05) , while serum adiponectin were significantly lower than in control group ( P ＜0. 05). Serum adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with Hcy( r = -0. 453) , hs-CRP ( r = -0. 397) ,TG( r = -0. 321) , FPG( r = -0. 318) and systolic pressure ( r = -0. 288). Conclusion There is correlation between adiponectin, Hcy, hs-CRP, glucose and lipid metabolism and blood pressure, which plays a role in occurrenc and development of acute cerebral infarction.

Objective:To systematically analyze the ADRs caused by azithromycin,and provide references for its safe and rational meidication.Method:Based on the literature search in Chinese Journal Full-text Database(CNKI) between 1994 and 2007,139 cases of adverse drug reactions caused by azithromycin were collected and analyzed.Result:The ADRs caused by azithromycin could be categorized into 7 types,and the most frequent one was allergy.Conclusion:Adverse reactions monitoring of azithromycin should be strengthened to ensure its safe and rational meidication.

Objective To understand the e ffect of physical and intellectual development of children with intrauterine inf ection of Toxoplasma gondii. M ethods With matching method, 167 children born betw een 1990 and 1996 were selected, whose umbilical cord blood with antibodies of [WT5”BX ]Toxoplasma gondii as positive group, while 160 childr en whose umbilical cord blood without antibodies of Toxopla sma gondii were selected as the contrast. Their physical index a nd IQ were examined with routine method and Binei or WISP. The measurement numbe rs of nine cities of China were as the standard. The relationship between infect ion of Toxoplasma gondii and the intellectual a nd physical development was analyzed. Results I ntellectual development of children with intrauterine infection of [WT5” BX]Toxoplasma gondii[WT5”B Z] was obviously slow and their eyesights were poor. However, the infection of [ WT5”BX]Toxoplasma gondii had no effect on their height an d weight. Conclusion The children with intrauter ine infection of Toxoplasma gondii should be sy stematically treated after birth so as to lower the harm to the brains and eyes, raise their intellectual levels and improve their healthy development. [

Interleukin family plays an important role in cleating the infection of Toxoplasma gondii in the body of host such as destroying the infected cells,constructing immunity system and regulating immunity balance,and so on.Here we reviewed the role of several important interleukin family members so as to provide scientific basis for the treatment of Toxoplasma gondii infection.

Objective To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of black plastic mulching in mountainous areas of Yunnan Prov-ince. Methods In Leqiu Village,Nanjian County,Yunnan Province,the terraced fields with Oncomelania hupensis snails were divided into A,B,C,D,E groups,and of which,A,B,C,D groups,as the experimental groups,were administered with sim-ple black plastic mulching for 30 days,60 days,90 days and 120 days respectively;Group E,as the control group,was adminis-tered with 50%niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder spraying. Results In Group C and D(simple black film mulching for 90 days and 120 days),no snails were found after the administration,the average density of living snails decreased by 100%, and the cost of one year was similar to that of the control group. Conclusion The molluscicidal effect of black plastic mulching is good in mountainous areas.

Objective To evaluate the effects of iron dextran or iron sucrose on the stability of fat emulsion in total nutrient admixture (TNA) in pediatric settings.Methods TNA with different intravenous doses of iron sucrose or iron dextran (0.25,0.5,0.75,or 1.00 mg) were prepared,and each dose was prepared 10 bags.The TNAs were stored at 25 ℃ for 3 days,and the stability of fat emulsion was observed by electron scanning microscopy.Meanwhile,the pH and osmolality were also measured.Results The particle sizes of fat emulsions in TNA with different concentrations of iron sucrose or iron dextran at different time points were not significantly different (F =0.32,P =0.7836 ; F =1.73,P =0.1321,respectively).The mean particle size of the fat emulsion in each group was ＜ 0.5 μm within 72 hours.For TNA containing different concentrations of iron,the percentage of particles ＞ 0.5 μm,pH,and osmotic pressure showed no significant difference at different time points (percentage:F =1.47,P =0.3467 ; F =1.04,P =0.4758.pH:F =0.63,P =0.5942 ; F =0.46,P =0.6825.osmotic pressure:F =1.37,P =0.3648 ; F =0.65,P =0.6023).Conclusion The TNA addeded with iron sucrose or iron dextran with an concentrations of ＜ 1％ is stable.

Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy can result in abortion,premature delivery,fetal death,deformity,and impact the physical and intellectual development of the newborns.This is an investigation on the consequences of pregnancy in Toxoplasma gondii-infected women,the development of their babies,and the effect of pyrimethamine treatment during 1990-1996 in Baoding City.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of different types of biliary tract reconstruction on the post- resection of congenital choledochal cyst (CCC). Methods 106 cases of CCC undergoing resection of CCC with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy as biliary tract reconstruction were followed up and analysed. Results In this series, three kinds of biliary tract reconstruction were performed, including single Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy in 48 cases, intussusceptive valve and rectangular valve lying on the jejunal segmental of Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy in 37 and 21 cases, respectively. 61 cases were followed up for 4.82 years in average. None of them occurred anastomasis stricture. There were 4 cases with ascending cholangitis after primary operation: of them 3 after single Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy; symptoms of 2 out of the 3 cases disappeared after reoperation to set up an intussusceptive valve plasty on the jejunal segmental of Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy; another one was in rectangular valve group. Occasional abdominal pain tooke place in 8 patients, of them, 5 in single Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy group, 2 and 1 in intussusceptive valve and rectangular valve groups, respectively. No patients suffered from ascending cholangitis in the intussusceptive valve plasty group. Conclusions The postoperative ascending cholangitis and anastomasis stricture can be prevented effectively, if a prophylactic intussusceptive valve on the jejunal segmental of Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy is carried out after resection of CCC for biliary tract reconstruction. This procedure corresponds to the biliary tract physiology.

Objective To investigate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on subcutaneous xenograft tumors in mice with Lewis lung cancer. Methods MSCs isolated from bone marrow of C57BL/6 mice were made into single cell suspension and were cultured in vitro. The cells of the 4th to 5th passage were used for the subsequent experiments. Fifty six C57BL/6 mice were inoculated subcutaneously with Lewis lung cancer cells, and were grouped into Group D0 (MSCs were given simultaneously with inoculation)and Group D10(MSCs were given 10 d after inoculation). Group D0 included three subgroups (n=8): Group 1 with inoculation of tumor cells, Group 2 with inoculation of tumor cells and MSCs, and Group 3 with inoculation of tumor cells and tail intravenous injection of MSCs. Group D10 included four groups: Group 4 with inoculation of tumor cells and injection of MSCs in tumors, Group 5 with equivalent PBS (the control of Group 4), Group 6 with inoculation of tumor cells and tail intravenous injection of MSCs, and Group 7 with equivalent PBS (the control of Group 6). The time of tumor formation and the volume of tumor were observed and compared among the groups. ResultsIn Group D0, earlier onset of tumor development was observed in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 and Group 3 (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference on the volume of tumor in the three groups (P>0.05). In Group D10, the volume of tumors were larger in Group 4 compared to the control (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference on the volume of tumors between Group 6 and the control (P>0.05). Conclusion Inoculating mixture of MSCs and Lewis lung cancer cells accelerates tumor formation,and injection of MSCs in tumors stimulates the growth of tumors.