Objective: To detect the contents of the active components in five kinds of Chinese crude herbs and Samples Avoidable for Boiling(SAB). Methods: With modern technology, astraglin in Radix Astragali, atractylons and butenolide in Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, paeonol in Cortex Moutan , sterols in Radix Morindae Officinalis and flavonoids in Radix Puerariae were detected and analyzed. Results: In SAB, the contents of astraglin, atractylone, butenolide, paeonol and sterols were low, especially the high molecular polysaccharides and volatile active components of atractylone, butenolide and paeonol. Meanwhile, more impurities were found in SAB. Conclusion: There are some defects in the production techniques and quality control of SAB.

Objective: To study the antitumor effect of the protein from Tricholoma matsutake against HeLa cells in vitro. Methods: Active protein was separated from the mycelium after sub-merged fermentation, and the antitumor effect against HeLa cells was studied in vitro by cell growth inhibition, scanning electron microscope, flow cytometry and DNA electrophoresis. Results: The mycelium protein-TMP-B had strong antitumor effect and induced apoptosis in vitro. TMP-B inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis by arresting cell conversion from S to G 2/M state. HeLa cells exposed to TMP-B showed apoptotic peaks. Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA from cells treated with TMP-B revealed "DNA ladder". Conclusion: The mycelium protein from Tricholoma matsutake can inhibit cervix cancer cells--HeLa cell proliferation and induce apoptosis.

Objective To observe the effect of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB inhibitor on the inflammatory injury and the secondary remote damage in remote areas of the CA1 region in the right hippocampus of the focal cerebral ischemic/reperfusion rats,and the NF-κB essential modifier binding domain (NBD) peptide was used to inhibit the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway to explore the function and mechanism of the NBD peptide in restraining inflammatory injury and reducing secondary remote damage in the hippocampus CA1 region.Methods According to the random number table,the male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a sham group (n =24),an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)group (n =38),a NBD group (n =38) and a modified type peptide (MT-NBD) group (n =38),then at the time point of 24 h and 7 d after reperfusion,the above 4 groups were divided into 2 subgroups.The experimental models were made by middle cerebral artery occlusion (modified line plug method) for 2 hours.The NBD peptide and the MT-NBD peptide were respectively injected into the right hippocampus of the experimental groups.The injury of neurons was examined by the methods of H&E and Fluoro-Jade B-(FJB)staining.The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-1Ra were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The protein expressions of NF-κB p65 and IκBα were analyzed by Western blotting and the double-labelling immunofluorescence.Results Compared with the NBD group (24 h 0.206 ±0.013,7 d 0.090 ±0.012) and the sham group (24 h 0.120 ±0.007,7 d 0.100 ±0.014),the NF-κB p65 protein expression in the I/R group (24 h 2.340 ± 0.101,7 d 2.440 ± 0.081) was increased significantly (q =64.431,66.704,67.747,56.624,all P ＜ 0.05).The level of IL-1β was remarkably increased in the I/R group (24 h (1.850 ±0.192) ng/ml,7 d (1.000 ±0.178) ng/ml) compared with the NBD group (24 h (1.250 ± 0.211) ng/ml,7 d (0.560 ± 0.183) ng/ml,q =10.730,9.710,P ＜0.05).The percent of survival neurons was significantly lower in the I/R group (24 h 27.50％ ± 3.59％,7 d 28.10％ ±4.46％) and the MT-NBD group (24 h 27.30％ ±4.53％,7 d 26.30％ ±5.03％)than the NBD group (24 h 58.90％ ± 3.46％,7 d 68.40％ ±4.20％,q =19.949,19.731,2.139,22.249,all P ＜0.05).The FJB staining showed that the number of neuron degeneration in the I/R group (24 h 28.10 ±2.13,7 d 29.50 ±2.45) was higher than the NBD group (24 h 12.50 ±2.41,7 d 9.30 ±2.52,q =3.211,4.521,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the other three groups (sham group:24 h 0.130 ± 0.008,7 d 0.150 ±0.010;I/R group:24 h 1.340 ±0.213,7 d 1.750 ±0.119;MT-NBD group:24 h 1.250 ±0.114,7 d 1.620 ±0.097),the IκBα protein expression in the NBD group (24 h 1.680 ±0.148,7 d 2.010 ±0.085) was significantly increased (q =6.348,9.139,9.414,1.711,5.277,5.555,all P ＜0.05).Compared with the I/R group (24 h (0.570 ± 0.028) ng/ml,7 d (0.430 ± 0.039) ng/ml) and the MT-NBD group (24 h (0.490 ± 0.042) ng/ml,7 d (0.380 ± 0.018) ng/ml),the level of IL-1Ra in the NBD group (24 h (1.390 ± 0.055) ng/ml,7 d (1.250 ± 0.043) ng/ml) was remarkably increased (q =4.577,6.205,9.683,6.389,all P ＜ 0.05).The results between the I/R group and the MT-NBD group were not significantly different.Conclusions The research shows that NBD peptide treatment contributes to altering the NF-κB p65/IκBα expression in nucleus effectively.And it directly regulates the NF-κB activation to alleviate the inflammatory injury in the hippocampus CA1 region after the secondary remote damage.

This article was aimed to evaluate the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of extracts from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and different processed products. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was screened with acarbose as positive control and by α-glucosidase inhibitory model in v itro . The results showed that the ex-tracts from the root of S. miltiorrhiza and different processed products had inhibitory activity. And the activity was higher than that of acarbose. In addition to the MeOH extract of S. miltiorrhiza carbon, the inhibitory activity of MeOH extracts from other processed products were higher than that of MeOH extract of S. miltiorrhiza. The in-hibitory activity of petroleum ether extracts of different processed products were close to S. miltiorrhiza. EtOAC extracts were lower than that of S. miltiorrhiza. The n-BuOH extracts were higher than that of S. miltiorrhiza. The inhibitory activity of extracts was positively correlated with concentrations, and it depended on the concentra-tion. It was concluded that the processed products of S. miltiorrhiza can strengthen α-glucosidase inhibitory activ-ity in different degrees.

This study was aimed to analyze the volatile constituents from flower, stem tip and seed of Cucurbita moschata Duch.(Miben). The volatiles were analyzed by head-space solid micro-extraction, coupled with GC-MS and Kovats indices for the first time . The results showed that 22 compounds were identified from the flower , 20 from the stem tip and 21 from the seed of the C. moschata (Miben). The total essential constituents from each part were 91 . 89%, 89 . 24% and 96 . 26%, respectively . A total of 10 compounds in the flower and stem tip were mutual. And 3 compounds in the flower, stem tip and seed were mutual. It was concluded that the β-bourbonene (17.57%) and heneicosane (11.90%) were the highest components of the total essential constituents of the flower of C. moschata (Miben). Decanal (28.77%) was the highest components of the stem tip and hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (29.12%), 2,3-butanediol (16.90%) and linoleic acid ethyl ester (16.52%) were the highest compo-nents of seed of C. moschata (Miben).

At present, the prevention and control situation of epidemics of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still serious, medical institutions should provide quality and safe routine medical services while doing their best in the prevention and control of this disease. The purpose of this article is to suggest a way to give quality and safe medical services to patients who need surgical treatment, especially to those who need emergency surgical treatment, with strict classified managements and standard precaution during perioperative period. With those suggestions, we may reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection and contribute to the prevention and control of COVID-19.

Objective To evaluate the effects of Cypher~(TM) Stent on endothelium regeneration and platelet activation after angioplasty. Methods Six mongrel dogs were implanted Cypher~(TM) stent and Bx sonic stent in the same artery.The target vessels were ablated after angiography and observed by scanning electron microscope at one month and three months after implantation of stents respectively.Result At one month,target vessels of Cypher~(TM) stent were covered with endothelium partly and platelet activation was observed.Target vessels of Bx sonic stent were entirely covered with endothelium and platelet activation wasn't observed.Three months later,target vessels of Cypher~(TM) stent and Bx sonic stent were entirely covered with endothelium and there was no platelet activation on the vessel surface for both groups.Conclusion Endothelium regeneration after implantation of Cypher~(TM) stent was much slower than that of implantation of bare metallic stent,and at three months,the endothelialization was finished.Intensive anti-platelet therapy should be considered after implantation of Cypher~(TM) stent.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the validity and predictive value of different methods for myopia screening, and to provide the most effective method of myopia screening. Methods: A total of 7 441 students of grade 1-12 selected from 36 primary and middle schools in 12 counties in Jiangsu Province were enrolled in this study for ophthalmological examination, and uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA, Plan A), noncycloplegic autorefraction (NCAR, Plan B) and combination of UCVA and NCAR (Plan C) were included in the examination. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was performed to determine the cut-off values (The gold standard is cycloplegic refraction: SE≤0.5 D), and positive predictive value, sensitivities, specificities and other indicators of three screening tests were compared and calculated. Results: The AUC of the combination test for uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA) and noncycloplegic autorefraction (NCAR) was nearly 1(0.91, 95%CI=0.90-0.92), and the sensitivity, specificity, Yoden index, diagnostic coincidence rate, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 92.4%，89.5%，0.82，91.1%，91.3%，90.8%, respectively, but the index of the younger pupils in primary schools was relatively low. The result of screening plan A for students of middle and high school students was the closest to that of myopia diagnosis. Conclusion Combination test, which was recommended by China National Health Commission, can be a practical solution for school students for myopic screening. Under the condition of no mydriatic refraction, Plan A could be considered for myopia screening especially for middle and high school students. For the younger pupils, it is suggested to use the internationally recommended myopia screening strategy, that is, SE ≤ 0.50D after mydriasis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the operation timing of newborns with rectosigmoid Hirschsprung's disease (HD).

METHODSFrom March 2013 to September 2015, 35 newborns diagnosed as rectosigmoid HD in our department were prospectively and randomly divided into 2 groups: less than 3 months treatment group (18 cases) and more than 3 months treatment group (17 cases, conservative treatment for 3 months). They all underwent laparoscopic-assisted transanal endorectal pull-through (LATEP) (modified Soave) procedure. Clinical data, perioperative conditions, postoperative complication, postoperative anal function evaluated by Wingspread score and barium enema were compared between two groups.

RESULTSThe baseline data of two groups were comparable (all P>0.05). All the cases completed single-stage LATEP procedure successfully without conversion to open operation. Compared with more than 3 months treatment group, preoperative bowel preparation time and operation time were significantly shorter [(6.2±3.3) vs. (9.3±4.1) days, P=0.042; (95±15) vs.(121±23) minutes, P=0.029, respectively], intra-operative blood loss was significantly less [(13±3) ml vs. (22±5) ml, P=0.036], length of resected bowel was significantly shorter [(16±5) cm vs.(23±8) cm, P=0.033], and bowel movement recovery time, parenteral nutrition time, hospital stay were also significantly shorter [(2.3±0.5) vs. (2.9±0.6) days, P=0.046; (5.1±2.1) vs. (5.9±2.3) days, P=0.048; (12.9±3.3) vs. (15.8±4.3) days, P=0.049, respectively] in less than 3 months treatment group. No short-term complications, such as anastomotic leak, interlayer infection and abdominal infection occurred in both groups. The follow-up period ranged from 2 months to 24 months. Only the incidence of perianal excoriation was significantly higher in less than 3 months treatment group compared with more than 3 months treatment group [50.0%(9/18) vs. 23.5%(4/17), P=0.045]. Wingspread score results at 6 and 12 months after operation showed excellent rate of postoperative anal function, which was not significantly different between two groups[ <3 months group : 81.3%(13/16) and 92.9%(13/14); >3 months group: 85.7%(12/14) and 92.3%(12/13), all P>0.05]. Postoperative barium enema results at 6 and 12 months after operation all showed normal shape of colon without residue of barium.

CONCLUSIONSFor newborns with rectosigmoid HD, single-stage definitive operation performed at the age less than 3 months has the advantages of shorter preoperative preparation time, less operating injury, shorter resected bowel, and faster postoperative recovery as compared to the age more than 3 months. If rectosigmoid HD is definitively diagnosed, early operation is suggested to perform at the age less than 3 months.

Anastomotic Leak ; Barium Enema ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Defecation ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Female ; Hirschsprung Disease ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intraabdominal Infections ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Operative Time ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Treatment Outcome

Organ transplantation is the most effective treatment for all categories of end-stage organ diseases. To resolve the shortage of donors in organ transplantation, widespread attention has been diverted to xenotransplantation. At present, clinicians mainly highlight the problems related to xenotransplantation rejection and viral infection. The physiology of xenotransplantation has been rarely studied. Kidney performs endocrine function by producing erythropoietin (EPO), renin and activating vitamin D. Although these pathways are usually well preserved in allogeneic transplantation, species-specific differences, especially those between pigs and non-human primates, may still affect the physiological function of transplant organs. In this article, the changes of EPO, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and active vitamin D₃ of pig and human after xenotransplantation were illustrated, aiming to provide reference for subclinical research of xenotransplantation.