AIM:To study the effect of different quantities of carboxymethyl chitosan(CMCT) modification to the pharmacokinetic performance of PTX-LP in rats.METHODS:Plasma was extracted with tert-butyl methyl ether and Norethisterone was employed as internal standard after i.v.unmodified PTX-LP,(0.1)%CMCT modified PTX-LP and(0.2)%CMCT modified PTX-LP in rats.Plasma samples were analyzed on a C_(18) column at 227 nm and the mobile phase was methanol and water(6535,v/v).RESULTS:The plasma concentration-time profile in rats after iv.unmodified PTX-LP,(0.1)% CMCT modified PTX-LP and(0.2)% CMCT modified PTX-LP follow bi-exponential disposition.T_(1/2?) are(11.20),(15.55) and(30.6) h respectively,AUC were(2541.99),(2748.78) and(3451.64)(mg?L~(-1)?min) for each of them.CONCLUSION:Significant changes of in vivo pharmacokinetic performance have been found after CMCT modification to PTX-LP in rats by comparison with unmodified LP.T_(1/2?) and circulation time in plasma have been lengthened and AUC has been improved in some extent.We found that this kind of long circulating action had some correlation with the quantities of CMCT employed.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of balloon kyphoplasty combined with bone cement on the treatment osteoporotic vertebral fracture.METHODS: A total of 58 aged patients with single osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (58 vertebral bodies) were treated with balloon kyphoplasty. The fracture always occurred at T_8-L_4 segment of vertebral body in particular at T_(10)-L_2 segment of thoracic waist. By local anesthesia, lateral or bilateral pedicle of vertebral arch was punctured to injection bone cement under C-arm fluoroscopy.RESULTS: Bone cement leakage occurred in 8 cases, including leakage along posterior longitudinal ligament into adjacent posterior margin of vertebral body (n=1), external edge of vertebral body (n=6), and subcutaneous tissue (n=1); however, all the patients did not have clinical symptoms. C-arm fluoroscopy showed that height of vertebral body was increased, and rachiokyphosis was improved after treatment. Pain was obviously improved, and the easement rate of pain was 100%. There was significant difference in visual simulation score, angle degree of rachiokyphosis, and living activity scale before and 6 months after treatment (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between 6 months after treatment and following up stopping (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Balloon kyphoplasty can significantly ease pain caused by osteoporotic spinal fractures and tumor metastatic spinal fractures and can partially restore vertebral body height and kyphosis deformity, there is conducive to improving spinal function and improving the quality of life.

OBJECTIVETo explore the interaction between inheritance and environment with the aid of research on the genetic modes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSA genetic epidemiological study of HCC was conducted based on the methods of Penrose, simple segregation and Falconer for 100 proband pedigrees from HBsAg positive cohort. The proband samples came from a cohort of 90,00 people who were followed for 8 years. Analyses on genetic modes were carried out and heritability was calculated through the comparison of the proband pedigrees incidence frequency with incidence frequencies of the cohort and general population.

RESULTSThe incidence frequency of first-degree relatives was 4.0%, higher than what was seen in the general population incidence frequency (0.44%) and the cohort (1.03%). A familial aggregation of HBsAg carriers and a strong positive correlation between HBsAg carrier status and HCC were noticed (OR = 8.44, 95% CI: 3.37-20.06, P < 0.001). A ratio of the incidence frequency among siblings to the incident frequency among general population (s/q) approached 1/q(1/2) by Penrose method, but simple segregation did not show agreement with single-gene inheritance. The heritability from positive cohort was 42% +/- 6% (P < 0.05), compared with the heritability (59% +/- 7%) of general population. When the effect of the HBsAg was under control, the heritability from positive cohort turned to be 29% +/- 8% (P < 0.05), compared with the heritability (47% +/- 7%) of general population.

CONCLUSIONOur findings suggested that HCC followed a multifactorial mode rather than single inheritance. An interaction effect of inheritance and environment on HCC was also noticed.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; epidemiology ; genetics ; China ; epidemiology ; Environment ; Female ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; analysis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Male

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a self-developed mobile augmented reality navigation system (MARNS) in guiding spinal level positioning during intraspinal tumor surgery based on a dual-error theory. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients diagnosed with intraspinal tumors admitted to Fujian Provincial Hospital between May and November 2023. The participants were divided into conventional x-rays and self-developed MARNS groups according to the localization methods they received. Position time, length of intraoperative incision variation, and location accuracy were systematically compared. Results: A total of 41 patients (19 males) with intraspinal tumors were included, and MARNS was applied to 21 patients. MARNS achieved successful lesion localization in all patients with an error of 0.38±0.12 cm. Compared to x-rays, MARNS significantly reduced positioning time (129.00±13.03 seconds vs. 365.00±60.43 seconds, p<0.001) and length of intraoperative incision variation (0.14 cm vs. 0.67 cm, p=0.009). Conclusion The self-developed MARNS, based on augmented reality technology for lesion visualization and perpendicular projection, offers a radiation-free complement to conventional x-rays.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a self-developed mobile augmented reality navigation system (MARNS) in guiding spinal level positioning during intraspinal tumor surgery based on a dual-error theory. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients diagnosed with intraspinal tumors admitted to Fujian Provincial Hospital between May and November 2023. The participants were divided into conventional x-rays and self-developed MARNS groups according to the localization methods they received. Position time, length of intraoperative incision variation, and location accuracy were systematically compared. Results: A total of 41 patients (19 males) with intraspinal tumors were included, and MARNS was applied to 21 patients. MARNS achieved successful lesion localization in all patients with an error of 0.38±0.12 cm. Compared to x-rays, MARNS significantly reduced positioning time (129.00±13.03 seconds vs. 365.00±60.43 seconds, p<0.001) and length of intraoperative incision variation (0.14 cm vs. 0.67 cm, p=0.009). Conclusion The self-developed MARNS, based on augmented reality technology for lesion visualization and perpendicular projection, offers a radiation-free complement to conventional x-rays.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a self-developed mobile augmented reality navigation system (MARNS) in guiding spinal level positioning during intraspinal tumor surgery based on a dual-error theory. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients diagnosed with intraspinal tumors admitted to Fujian Provincial Hospital between May and November 2023. The participants were divided into conventional x-rays and self-developed MARNS groups according to the localization methods they received. Position time, length of intraoperative incision variation, and location accuracy were systematically compared. Results: A total of 41 patients (19 males) with intraspinal tumors were included, and MARNS was applied to 21 patients. MARNS achieved successful lesion localization in all patients with an error of 0.38±0.12 cm. Compared to x-rays, MARNS significantly reduced positioning time (129.00±13.03 seconds vs. 365.00±60.43 seconds, p<0.001) and length of intraoperative incision variation (0.14 cm vs. 0.67 cm, p=0.009). Conclusion The self-developed MARNS, based on augmented reality technology for lesion visualization and perpendicular projection, offers a radiation-free complement to conventional x-rays.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a self-developed mobile augmented reality navigation system (MARNS) in guiding spinal level positioning during intraspinal tumor surgery based on a dual-error theory. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients diagnosed with intraspinal tumors admitted to Fujian Provincial Hospital between May and November 2023. The participants were divided into conventional x-rays and self-developed MARNS groups according to the localization methods they received. Position time, length of intraoperative incision variation, and location accuracy were systematically compared. Results: A total of 41 patients (19 males) with intraspinal tumors were included, and MARNS was applied to 21 patients. MARNS achieved successful lesion localization in all patients with an error of 0.38±0.12 cm. Compared to x-rays, MARNS significantly reduced positioning time (129.00±13.03 seconds vs. 365.00±60.43 seconds, p<0.001) and length of intraoperative incision variation (0.14 cm vs. 0.67 cm, p=0.009). Conclusion The self-developed MARNS, based on augmented reality technology for lesion visualization and perpendicular projection, offers a radiation-free complement to conventional x-rays.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a self-developed mobile augmented reality navigation system (MARNS) in guiding spinal level positioning during intraspinal tumor surgery based on a dual-error theory. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients diagnosed with intraspinal tumors admitted to Fujian Provincial Hospital between May and November 2023. The participants were divided into conventional x-rays and self-developed MARNS groups according to the localization methods they received. Position time, length of intraoperative incision variation, and location accuracy were systematically compared. Results: A total of 41 patients (19 males) with intraspinal tumors were included, and MARNS was applied to 21 patients. MARNS achieved successful lesion localization in all patients with an error of 0.38±0.12 cm. Compared to x-rays, MARNS significantly reduced positioning time (129.00±13.03 seconds vs. 365.00±60.43 seconds, p<0.001) and length of intraoperative incision variation (0.14 cm vs. 0.67 cm, p=0.009). Conclusion The self-developed MARNS, based on augmented reality technology for lesion visualization and perpendicular projection, offers a radiation-free complement to conventional x-rays.

Objective A prospective cohort study was carried out to assess the mortality and potential risk factors for primary liver cancer (PLC) in Haimen city of Jiangsu province.Methods The cohort involved 89 789 adult residents aged 25-69 years.Upon the entry of this project,each subject was asked to complete a questionnaire and to provide a blood sample of 10 ml.Surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) was tested by radioimmunoassay.All the subjects were followed-up every year for vital statistics and death certificate information until 2014.Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95％ confidence interval (95％ CI) for PLC mortality associated with HBsAg status and other risk factors.Results During the 1 299 611 person-years of follow-up,a total of 2 583 PLC cases were identified,including 2 149 men and 434 women.Mortality of the PLC for men and women were 247.80/100 000 person-years and 100.38/100000 person-years,respectively.Among those who died of PLC,73.87％ had been tested HBsAg positive.HBV infection seemed the predominant risk factor for PLC and the HRs were 15.97 for men (95％CI:14.29-17.85) and 21.63 for women (95％CI:16.16-28.96) respectively.Ageing,cigarette smoking,previous history of hepatitis,and family history of HCC were factors associated with the increased risk for PLC.Conclusion People living in Haimen city had a high risk on PLC.HBV infection appeared the most important risk factor for HCC mortality in this area.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment method of peripelvic cysts.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 65 patients with peripelvic cysts admitted to the Department of Urology at Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital from January 2019 to January 2023.The diagnostic value of ultrasound,intravenous urography(IVU),and computed tomography urography(CTU)for peripelvic cysts was compared,and the efficacy of different surgical treatments for peripelvic cysts was further evaluated.Results All 65 patients underwent ultrasound examination,which indicated cystic lesions at the renal hilum.55 patients underwent IVU examination,but no cyst enhancement was found.Among them,7 patients underwent retrograde pyelography due to poor imaging of the affected renal pelvis.All 53 patients who underwent CTU examination,which clearly showed the renal pelvis and cysts.Among the 65 patients,5 did not undergo surgical treatment and were followed up,while 60 underwent surgery.Four patients were considered for radical nephrectomy due to suspected malignancy.56 cases underwent renal cysts decompression surgery,including 11 open surgeries,37 laparoscopic surgeries,and 8 Da Vinci robot-assisted laparoscopic surgeries.The operative time in the open surgery group was significantly shorter than that in the laparoscopic surgery group and robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery group.Compared with the open surgery group and laparoscopic surgery group,the robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery group had less intraoperative blood loss,lower postoperative analgesic use,shorter time to first ambulation after surgery,and shorter hospital stay.Conclusions Ultrasound,IVU,and CTU are commonly used effective diagnostic tools for peripelvic cysts.Ultrasound can be used as a routine examination,while CTU is more accurate and has a higher diagnostic accuracy than IVU for this condition.Compared with open surgery,laparoscopic and robot-assisted laparoscopic cyst decompression surgery for peripelvic cysts result in less intraoperative blood loss and faster postoperative recovery.