Objective To assess the efficacy of vancomycin flush solution for prevention of catheter-related infections in oncology patients. Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) were searched and identified from Cochrane library, PubMed, EMBASE, CBM, CNKI and related journals were also scanned. In accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria, we evaluated the quality of the included studies by Jadad scale and analyzed the data of catheter- related sepsis, catheter colonization, exit- site infection by RevMan 5.0. Results We included 5 randomized controlled trials (400 patients). Meta analysis showed that there were statistical differences between vancomycin- heparin mixture and heparin solution on the incidence of catheter-related sepsis, catheter colonization, but no difference was found on the incidence of exit-site infection. Conclusions The current evidences show that contrast with heparin flush solution, van comycin - heparin flush solution can significantly reduce the incidence, of catheter - related sepsis and catheter colonization. But vancomycin-heparin flush solution was more effective, and the results should be further confirmed in prevention of Gram-positive bacterial and fungal catheter-related infections or in non- neutropenic patients. Before draw the conclusions, further high-quality, large scale, double-blind randomized controlled trials are still needed.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method with post-column derivation for the determination of aflatoxin B1 in edible vegetable oil. Methods:An advanced biotechnology-immunoaffinity column was used for the extraction of aflatoxin Bl from the samples, and an HPLC method with post-column derivation was applied to detect aflatoxin Bl in edible vegetable oil, and the results were com-pared with those of the national standard thin layer fluorescence method. Results:The linear range of aflatoxin Bl was 10. 2-51. 0 ng · ml-1(r=0. 9996), the average recovery was 87. 3%(RSD=0. 96%, n=6), and the detection limit was 1 μg · kg-1. Conclu-sion:The method is simple, rapid and sensitive, which can be used as a promoted conventional method for the detection of a large number of samples.

Objective To establish HPLC fingerprint of Radix Puerariae from Ankang,Shaanxi Province.Methods Inertisil C18 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) was used,with methanol-acetonitrile-0.25% acetic acid solution as mobile phase in a gradient elution.Flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.The wavelength was 250 nm.Results For the relative retention time and relative area of common peaks,the RSD of ten batches of crude drug samples were below 10%.The similarities accorded with the regulation.Conclusion The analytical method can be used for the quality control of Radix Puerariae and of its sterilized powder for injection.

Objective To investigate the effect of video-based teaching in the training of nursing operation for newly-contracted nurses. Methods One hundred and twenty one nurses newly recruited in September 2011 to September 2012 were set as the control group, another 128 in October 2012 to October 2013 were set as the experiment group. The former were trained and assessed with traditional training method and the latter were trained for 1 year in video-based teaching methodology. After training, both groups were examined about their operation skills and meanwhile a survey on video-based teaching was conducted. Result After training, the results in operating skills evaluation in the experiment group were significantly better those of the control group (Z=2.82, P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with traditional training method, the video-based teaching can raise the level of nursing operation skills and significantly improve the quality of nursing, thus worthy of popularization and application.

Purpose To investigate the expression of estrogen receptor ( ER) and progesterone receptor ( PR) in endometrial tissue in patients with intrauterine adhesion ( IUA) and their clinical significance. Methods Two experimental methods, immunohistochemical MaxVision two step method and real-time fluorescencequantitative PCR ( qRT-PCR) , were used for detection of ER and PR in endome-trial tissue both in group IUA ( study group) and non IUA group ( control group) . Results MaxVision immunohistochemical method showed that ER protein expression in the study group (3. 52 ± 0. 71) was significantly higher than that (2. 75 ± 1. 00) in the control group (P=0. 01), ER mRNA expression by qRT-PCR was also significantly higher in the study group (1. 59 ± 0. 26) than that (1. 00 ± 0. 19) in the control group (P=0. 00). The immunohistochemical detection of showed that PR protein expression in the study group (3.26 ±0.70) had no significant different from that (3.58 ±0.28) in the control group (P=0.12), qRT-PCR also showed that ER mRNA in the study group (1.15 ±0.21) had no significantly different from that (1.00 ±0.31) in the control group (P=0. 21 ) . Immunohistochemical expression of ER and PR proteins showed a significant difference between the endometrial glands and en-dometrial stroma (χ2 =5. 797, P=0. 016,χ2 =4. 857, P=0. 027). Conclusion The expression of ER in endometrial tissue in the study group is higher than that in the control group, but the expression of PR has no different between the two groups, ER and PR pro-teins expression are higher in endometrial glands than that in endometrial stroma. These provide a theoretical reference for clinical use of estrogen and progesterone to IUA patients.

Objective To investigate the role of autophagy in radiation-induced death response of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.Methods MTT method was used to detect cell viability of CNE-2 cells in different time after irradiation.Clonogenic survival assay was used to evaluate the effect of autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine phosphate) and autophagy inductor (rapamycin) on radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry.The expressions of LC3 and P62 were measured with Western blot.Cell ultrastructural analysis was performed under an electron microscope.Results Irradiation with 10 Gy induced a massive accumulation of autophagosomes accompanied with up-regulation of LC3-Ⅱ expression in CNE-2 cells.Compared with radiation alone,chloroquine phosphate (CDP) enhanced radiosensitivity significantly by decreasing cell viability (F =25.88,P ＜ 0.05),autophagic ratio (F =105.15,P ＜ 0.05),and LC3-Ⅱ protein level(F =231.68,P ＜0.05),while up-regulating the expression of P62 (F =117.52,P ＜ 0.05).Inhibition of autophagy increased radiation-induced apoptosis (F =143.72,P ＜ 0.05).Rapamycin (RAPA) also significantly decreased cell viability,but increased autophagic ratio and LC3-Ⅱ protein level while down-regulated the expression of P62.Induction of autophagy increased radiation-induced apoptosis(F =167.32,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Blockage of autophagy with CDP could enhance radiosensitivity in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells,suggesting that inhibition of autophagy could be used as an adjuvant treatment to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective To investigate CT findings of hepatic necrosis and regeneration after liver failure.Methods Five patients with liver failure underwent CT scan before orthotopic liver transplantation.These findings were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with gross specimen and pathologic findings obtained after transplantation.Results Among 5 cases,the CT appearances of liver failure can be divided into 3 types.(1)Massive confluent aggregate foci in 2 patients demonstrated low attenuation and high attenuation as geographical patlerns on CT scans before contrast enhancement.respectively.The histopathological liver changes showed massive necrosis and regencratinn. Regions of necrosis enhanced to attenuation greater than that of normal liver parenchyma in portal-venous phase,the regions of regeneration enhanced to attenuation greater than that of normal liver parenchyma in arterial phase on postcontrast CT images.(2)In 2 patients,diffuse nodules of liver demonstrated high attenuation on plain CT scans,which was nodular necrosis and nodular regeneration pathologically.All enhanced to attenuation greater than that of normal liver parenchyma in arterial phase.The former showed hypointensity in portal-venous phase and equilibrium phase.The latter enhanced to attenuation equal to that of normal liver parenchyma in portalvenous phase and equilibrium phase on postcontrast CT images.(3)Multiple small foci in 1 case demonstrated low attenuatiun on precontrast CT images and enhanced to hyperintensity in portal-venous phase and isointensity in arterial phase and equilibrium phase on postcontrast CT images.The histopathological liver changes showed multiple necrosis.Conclusion Liver failure may reveal characteristic imaging patterns at CT.

Objective To summarize the placement, maintenance, and safety of a high-pressure resistant peripherally inserted central catheter. Methods Ten patients were peripherally placed with this catheter (included 4Fr-single lumen, 5Fr-dual lumen, and 6Fr-three lumen) using ultrasound-guided Seldinger technique in Peking Union Medical College Hospital in August 2010. The therapeutic effectiveness and safety were evaluated. Result Ten catheters were inserted successfully into the upper arms, with few complications noted during routine maintenance. Conclusions This peripherally inserted central catheter can be used for high-pressure injection, central venous pressure monitoring, and fast flow-speed transfusion. Therefore, it can be successfully applied for contrast-enhanced CT angiography and massive fluid infusion.

Objective To evaluate the pulmonary imaging features in patients with severe or critical severe A H1N1 influenza. Methods Clinical and imaging findings of 18 cases with H1N1 pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into 2 groups including severe group (n=11) and critical group (n=7). Results Among the severe group, bilateral ill-defined nodules and patch shadows were found in 8 cases, local ill-defined patchy was shown in 3 cases, and consolidation of right inferior lung was demonstrated by CT scan in 1 case. Among the critical group, diffuse ground-glass attenuation with partial consolidation were found in bilateral lungs of 4 cases, subcutaneous emphysema was observed in 1 case. CT showed diffuse ground-glass attenuation and nodular like consolidation in bilateral inferior lungs in 1 case, and other 3 cases showed diffuse consolidation of bilateral lungs. Conclusions The radiologic findings of severe and critical severe pulmonary infections with H1N1 include ill-defined nodules and patch shadows of bilateral lung in sever patients, diffuse peribronchial ground-glass opacity and multifocal consolidation in critical severe patients. The radiologists should learn the features of H1N1 pneumonia on thoracic plain film and CT to make diagnosis in time.

Objective To demonstrate the spectrum of multi-detector spiral CT (MSCT) findings of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Methods From May 2008 to January 2010, DILI was identified in 10 cases based on their clinical and pathological results. The spectrum of CT findings was analyzed retrospectively. Results According to the CT features, DILI were divided into three types. ( 1 ) Two cases presented diffuse hepatic injury, which appeared as homogeneous hypo-attenuation in precontrast CT scan and mild enhancement after contrast injection. The histopathological findings of the involved 1ivers include hepatocellular steatosis, neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration, punctiform necrosis and canalicular cholestasis. (2) Six cases presented focal hepatic injury, including massive wedge-shaped necrosis in 4,multiple small necroses in 1 and multiple regenerated nodules in 1. In precontrast CT scan, hepatic necroses were seen as inhomogeneous hypo-attenuation areas, which turned to hyper-attenuation after contrast injection and presented "flip-flop" sign between precontrast CT scan and portal venous phase scan. In the case with regenerated nodules, slight hyper-attenuation lesions were detected with diffuse distribution in liver in precontrast CT scan, which showed enhancement in hepatic arterial phase and turned to iso-attenuation in portal venous phase and equilibrium phase. The histopathological changes included massive necrosis or bridging necrosis with abundant neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration in 5 cases, nodular regeneration with cholestasis and feathery degeneratin in 1 case. (3) Two cases presented liver cirrhosis. CT displayed obvious nodularity of liver, which complicated with splenomegaly, ascites and collateral veins. The histopathological changes of these two cases included punctiform necrosis, canalicular cholestasis and pseudolobular formation. Conclusion CT signs of DILl have certain characteristics, which may help in detecting and determining the severity of liver damage.