Objective In order to evaluate the therapeutic effect, to screen effective drugs for AIDS, and to find out the changes of patient's condition, it is necessary to develop an objective method to quantitate the levels of viral load of the patients before and after treatment.Method Differential PCR(D PCR) was used to co amplify the target HIV 1 gag gene and reference template ? globin gene, so as to determine the level of HIV replication quantitatively. The levels of HIV DNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 8 patients with AIDS were determined quantitatively.Results The levels of the provirus of the 8 patients ranged from 0 508 2 210 copies/?g DNA, there were differences in the levels of replication and integration. Conclusion It is the authors′ opinion that this method is easy to control with an advantage of reliability, quickness and reproducibility, It is suitable to measure clinical specimens, and provides an objective evidence for the evaluation of responses to therapeutic intervention.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method with post-column derivation for the determination of aflatoxin B1 in edible vegetable oil. Methods:An advanced biotechnology-immunoaffinity column was used for the extraction of aflatoxin Bl from the samples, and an HPLC method with post-column derivation was applied to detect aflatoxin Bl in edible vegetable oil, and the results were com-pared with those of the national standard thin layer fluorescence method. Results:The linear range of aflatoxin Bl was 10. 2-51. 0 ng · ml-1(r=0. 9996), the average recovery was 87. 3%(RSD=0. 96%, n=6), and the detection limit was 1 μg · kg-1. Conclu-sion:The method is simple, rapid and sensitive, which can be used as a promoted conventional method for the detection of a large number of samples.

Objective To explore the impact of environment factors and social economic factors(environment interference factors for short)and control measures on the endemic status of schistosomiasis in Poyang Lake Eco?economic Region. Meth?ods The grey relational analysis model was applied to analyze the relationships between the key indexes of schistosomiasis epi?demic status and the environment interference factors and control measures in Jiujiang City of Poyang Lake Eco?economic Re?gion. Results Six environment factors,which included the annual average water level of Poyang Lake,average annual tempera?ture,storm frequency,annual average relative humidity,annual sunshine duration,and annual precipitation,had the most closed relationship with the indexes of schistosomiasis epidemic status(all ri>0.9). Among the socioeconomic factors,the num?ber of health technicians and beds of health facilities were most associated with the indexes of schistosomiasis epidemic status. Among the control measures of schistosomiasis,the number of cattle treated with extending chemotherapy,chemically killing of Oncomelania hupensis snails and eco?renovation were most associated with the indexes of schistosomiasis epidemic status. Con?clusion The various environment interference factors and their interaction should be considered in formulating the comprehen?sive control strategy for schistosomiasis,and the control strategy should be adjusted according to the epidemic dynamic and schistosomiasis?focused targets,so as to further strengthen the scientificity and validity of the control strategy.

Objective To observe the effect of MG132 on the expression of extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) induced by high glucose.Methods RPMCs were isolated,cultured and passaged by trypsin,then identified.The second generation of cultured RPMCs were used in the experiment.RPMCs were divided into normal control group,high glucose (1.5％,2.5％,4.25％) for 24 hours,high glucose (2.5％) for 0,12,24,48 hours,incubated with MG132 (0.5,1,2 μmol/L) for half an hour and then with high glucose (2.5％) for 24 hours.ERK1/2 protein was detected by Western blotting,and CTGF protein in supernatant was detected by ELISA.Results Compared with the control group,the expression of p-ERK1/2 was significantly increased in the groups stimulated by high glucose (P ＜0.01),reached the peak at 24th hour (P ＜ 0.01),and then the expression decreased at 48th hour,but still was higher than that in the normal control group (P ＜ 0.01).CTGF protein expression of RPMCs induced by high glucose increased,in time-and dose-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05).MG132 could significantly decrease the expression of ERK1/2 and CTGF induced by high glucose (P＜0.05).Conclusions MG132 can decrease the expression of p-ERK1/2 and CTGF in RPMCs induced by high glucose.The ubiquitin proteasome pathway participates in the development of peritoneal fibrosis,and blocking the way may contribute to the prevention of peritoneal fibrosis.

Objective To explore the comprehensive intervention methods among people with high-risk of AIDS ,and to evaluate the effects of the intervention to provide reference basis for the scientific prevention of AIDS .Methods The 1-year comprehensive intervention including the health education ,psychological and medical consultation ,and condom promotion was conducted among the commercial sex workers(CSW) and the injecting drug users(IDU) in the Xunyang district .The questionnaire survey was performed before and after the intervention ,and then the effects of intervention were evaluated .Results Through the comprehensive interven-tion ,the total awareness rate of the AIDS knowledge among CSW was increased from 70 .75% to 84 .75% (χ2 =22 .66 ,P<0 .01) while which among IDU was increased from 77 .25% to 88 .50% (χ2 =17 .84 ,P<0 .01) .The frequencies of using condoms with cli-ents ,spouse or boyfriend in recently one month were significantly increased (Z= -2 .73 ,P<0 .01 ,Z= -2 .02 ,P=0 .04) .The fre-quency of sharing needle in recently six months among IDU was significantly decreased (Z= -3 .67 ,P<0 .01) and the frequency of using condoms in recently one year among IDU was significantly increased (Z= -2 .96 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion The comprehensive intervention may effectively increase the awareness rate of the AIDS knowledge among CSW and IDU and change their dangerous behaviors possibly leading to AIDS transmission .

Objective To investigate the formation of biofilm in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis ,and to analyse the correlation between biofilm formation and antibacterial resistance of Staphylococcus epidermidis .Methods A total of 62 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from blood specimens of inpatients with bloodstream infection ,from January 2014 to February 2015 ,were collected .The biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis was detected by using the semi‐quantitative adherence as‐say and polymerase chain reaction(PCR) amplification experiment .The antibacterial susceptibility test was carried out according to K‐B method .Results The positive rate of biofilm formation detected by using the semi‐quantitative adherence assay and PCR for icaA gene were 37 .1% (23 strains) and 43 .5% (27 strains) respectively ,and there was no statistically significant difference(P>0 .05) .There were 14 positive strains detected by both methods .The resistance rates of strains producing biofilm to antibacterial a‐gents were generally higher than those of non‐producing biofilm strains ,and there were statistically significant differences in resist‐ance rates of strains to gentamicin ,penicillin ,oxacillin ,levofloxacin and cefoxitin(P<0 .05) .All bacteria were sensitive to vancomy‐cin ,linezolid and quinupristin/dalfopristin .Conclusion There is no significant difference between the two methods in detecing bio‐film formation .The resistance rates of strains producing biofilm to antibacterial agents were generally higher than those of non‐pro‐ducing biofilm strains .

Objective To establish methods of measuring the eye lens dose to interventional staff,to obtain relevant dose data and to provide a scientific basis for reducing eye lens dose.Methods Two kinds of dosimeters,thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) and optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter (OSLD),were selected to measure the personal dose equivalent HP (3) to eye lens of occupational staff in several kinds of interventional procedures,including cardiovascular interventional procedures,cerebrovascular interventional procedures etc.Five types of Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) equipment were chosen in the study,including single tube equipment and double tube equipment.Results The eye lens dose HP (3) to interventional staff varied significantly with different interventional procedures.The lowest dose is shown in the coronary angiography procedure,while the highest dose shown in the cerebral stenting procedure.For the same type of interventional procedure,the eye lens dose to the primary interventionist was the highest.For same interventionist,the dose to the left eye was obviously higher than that to the right eye.In addition,the measured results of OSLD were apparently higher than that of TLD.Conclusions Both TLD and OSLD could be used to measure eye lens dose,and the ways of calibrating TLD to evaluate personal dose equivalent HP (3) were feasible.The reason of significant difference between the measured results of TLD and OSLD needs further research.

Objective To establish the methods for measuring the dose to occupational staff's eye lens in interventional procedures with direct-reading dosimeters,and to realize the real-time monitoring of eye lens dose and warning for high dose rate,thus providing the scientific basis of the staff radiological protection in interventional procedures.Methods Direct-reading dosimeters were calibrated with personal dose equivalent HP (3).The eye lens doses for occupational staff in different kinds of interventional procedures were measured by the devices with both single-and double X-ray tubes.The data obtained fromthe direct-reading dosimeters was compared to those obtained from TLDs.Results Direct-reading dosimeters showed good linear fitting with the calibration of HP (3),and the coefficients of variation were lower than 5％.The average eye lens HP (3) for the main operator in coronary arteriography and stent implantation in brain obtained by direct-reading dosimeters were 12.0 and 24.5 μSv,respectively,whereas those obtained by TLDs were 11.9 and 22.7 μSv,respectively.The direct-reading dosimeters gave similar t~nds as TLDs do so.The direct-reading dosimeters were able to provide eye lens HP (3) in each individual interventional procedure,and to monitor the real-time dose rate as well.Conclusions The calibration of HP (3) and the data gained by direct-reading dosimeters are reliable.Therefore,the methods for real-time measurement of eye lens dose for occupational staff in interventional procedures are successfully established.

Objective To investigate the infection status and drug suscepetibility of mycoplasma from 6 573 patients with non-gonococcal urethritis ,and to provide the scientific bases for the clinical application of antibiotics .Methods Mycoplasma detection kit was used to detect ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) and mycoplasma hominis(Mh) and the drug susceptibility .All the patients were divided into two groups :Chinese group and foreigner group .Results Among 5 675 Chinese patients ,2 985 patients were infected by mycoplasma(52 .6% ) .The infection rate of Uu was 2 312(40 .7% ) .35 .2% patients were male ,and 61 .4% patients were female .In 898 foreign patients ,440 patients were infected by mycoplasma(49 .0% ) .The infection rate of Uu was 327(36 .4% ) .32 .2% pa-tients were male ,and 59 .5% patients were female .In Chinese patients infected by Uu ,the susceptibility rates to MIN ,DOX ,JOS and CLA were 96 .7% ,96 .2% ,93 .7% ,89 .7% ,respectively .In foreign patients ,the susceptibility rates to MIN ,DOX ,JOS ,and CLA were 98 .9% ,98 .4% ,95 .8% ,92 .1% .Conclusion The mycoplasma infection rate of Chinese patients is higher than foreign patients .In both groups ,Uu infection is the main type .Female patients are more than male patients .The drug sensitivity rate in for-eign group is higher than that in Chinese group .mycoplasma are sensitivity to MIN ,DOX ,JOS .

MicroRNA (miRNA for short) can induce mRNA cleavage or inhibit mRNA translation and regulate gene expression in the post-transcriptional level, which involves cell development, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and a series of important biological processes. Recent studies have found that the abnormal regulation of miRNA's target genes may be involved in tumor resistance. And it is expected to become important tumor resistance-associat-ed molecular markers and therapeutic targets. Mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its active ingre-dients can affect miRNA to regulate target proteins and target genes mediated tumor multidrug resistance. It can pro-vide new ideas for the mechanism of reversing multidrug resistance by TCM.