Multi-component Chinese medicine has been considered an important developmental direction for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula.Nowadays,it is unfit to target a molecule for preventing or curing a disease because it resulted from multiple of factors and resulted in many indications.Thus,the idea focusing on the multiple targets for therapy is increasingly accepted by physicians and scientists.Here,we conceived a new simplified method for screening the active multi-component Chinese medicine based on the complexity of Chinese medicine,the multi-target property of protein signal transduction and the principle of Chinese medicine prescription.Combined with the traditional knowledge on tumor and latest antitumor research results of Chinese medicine and its compounds,the method was concretely illustrated.It helps us to transform the herbal compounds to new complex drugs targeting multiple signaling.

Objective:To study the collapse of the contralateral femoral head after the total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with bilateral steroid-induced femoral head necrosis leg-length discrepancy (LLD) influences.Methods:A total of 108 patients with bilateral steroid-induced femoral head necrosis who were treated in Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi′an Jiaotong University from June 2014 to June 2016 underwent THA surgery on the hip joints that had symptoms and developed to Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) Ⅲ. At the same time, the non-surgical hip-preserving treatment of the non-collapsed femoral head developed to the ARCO Ⅱ stage was performed. The follow-up period was 2 years, and 98 cases were finally included. According to the size of the leg-length discrepancy [LLD<3 mm group ( n=50), LLD≥3 mm group ( n=48)] and the type of leg-length discrepancy[non collapse side longer group ( n=58) and shorter group ( n=58)], the collapse of the femoral head and the THA were observed. Results:Finally, a total of 56 cases of femoral head collapse occurred in the non collapse side of the hip, of which 50 cases underwent THA within 24 months. There were significant statistical differences in THA and femoral head collapse between LLD<3 mm group and LLD≥3 mm group, non collapse side longer group and non collapse side shorter group ( P<0.05). The 2-year survival rate without collapse in the LLD<3 mm group and LLD≥3 mm group were 52.1% and 34.0%, respectively, and the 2-year survival rates in the longer and shorter non-collapsed limb groups were 56.9% and 22.5%, respectively. Compared with patients with moderate lesions, the survival rate of femoral heads in patients with larger lesions was lower ( OR: 4.25, 95% CI: 1.55-11.26; P=0.003). LLD<3 mm group ( OR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.06-0.50; P<0.01) or non collapse side longer group ( OR: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04-0.29; P<0.01) had lower risk of contralateral femoral head collapse after THA. Conclusions:For patients with bilateral steroid-induced femoral head necrosis who have collapsed lateral THA, postoperative leg-length discrepancy extremities is a potential risk factor for collapse of non-collapsed femoral head. LLD<3 mm and avoiding shortening of the uncollapsed limb may reduce the risk of collapse of the uncollapsed femoral head.

Tumor metastasis is one of the important biological characteristics of malignant tumor,which is closely related with the prognosis of the cancer patients.High expression of ADAM8 in varieties of tumors was revealed in many recent studies,and such aberrant expression played a crucial role in regulating of tumor metastasis.Studies showed that overexpression of ADAM8 attenuated the intercellular adhesion effect,promoted tumor angiogenesis,and enhanced the degradation of ECM as well as the releasing of cytokines.Therefore,suppression of ADAM8 may lead to inhibition of tumor metastasis,which makes ADAM8 a particular attractive target as it can be used as a prognostic indicator and a potential therapeutic target of malignant tumor.A review about the relations between ADAM8 protein′s abnormal expression and tumor occurrence was discussed in this paper,also include discussion about the mechanisms of ADAM8 protein′s disorder-induced tumor formation,as well as therapeutic strategies based on ADAM8-targeted,which may provide references for follow-up research and clinical treatment.

The interferons(IFNs) are a family of the multifunctional cytokines, which are a kind of highly active and multifunctional glycoproteins.Studies in recent years have shown that IFNs exert a powerful antitumor effect by regulating the proliferation of tumor cells, suppressing tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, and activating antitumor immune response.Combined with other tumor treatment methods, it can inhibit the development of a variety of blood system tumors and solid tumors.In addition, the use of IFNs inducers or IFNs combined with emerging immunotherapy can significantly increase the effectiveness of tumor therapy.This review focuses on our understanding of antitumor mechanism and clinical application of IFNs, and provides some guidance for future research and clinical treatment.

Objective To study the effect of rhein on the process of tubular epithelial-mesenchymat transformation in kidney of diabetic rats. Methods Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Control group (N group, n=12),diabetic group(D group, n=12), rhein treatment group(R group, n=12).The rats of rhein treatment group were treated with daily intragastric administration of periment. The excretion of urinary protein and serum creatine were measured. Histological changes of renal tissue were observed by HE and MASSON stain. Immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the expression of E-cadherin, α-SMA,FN and TGF-β1 in kidney. Results Compared with the control group, the tubulointerstitial injury and the accumulation of extraeellular matrix protein in diabetic models were obvious(P＜0.01).Compared with the control group, the expression of E-cadherin was decreased significantly and the expression of α-SMA,FN and TGF-β1 was increased significantly in diabetic group. E-cadherin was negatively correlated with TGF-β1(rs=-0.60,P＜0.05),α-SMA and FN was positively correlated with TGF-β1(rs=0.88,P＜0.05;rs:0.91,P＜0.01).In comparison with diabetic group,rhein could up-regulate the expression of E-cad and down-regulate the expression of α-SMA and FN in renal tubular epithelial cells(P＜0.01).Conclusion Rhein could protect kidney by ameliorating interstitial fibrosis in diabetic rats. The mechanism may be depend on down-regulating the expression of TGF-β1 and suppressing tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transformation.

Aim To discuss the impact of important ac-tive ingredient of garlic diallyl sulfide———DATS on platelet activating factor (PAF ) mediated melanoma metastasis and its mechanisms.Methods ①MTT was used to test the effect of different concentrations of DATS on B16F10 and A375 melanoma cell growth number;②Scratch test and transwell were employed to test the effect of different concentrations of DATS on B16F10 and A375 melanoma cell migration;③ West-ern blot was used to test the effect of DATS on expres-sion of MMP-2,ERK,p38 induced by PFA;④Intrave-nous injection of tumor metastasis model was used to check the inhibition of DATS in PAF-mediated melano-ma metastasis.Results B16F10 cells relative growth rate fell to 73.21% and 48.78%,respectively,when DATS concentration reached 50 and 100 μmol·L-1 . DATS inhibited the levels of PAF-induced migration of melanoma cells B16F10 and vertical migration signifi-cantly,and inhibited B16F10 cells migration induced by PAF through inhibiting the expression of MMP-2, paxillin protein,FAK and other proteins.Conclusion DATS can significantly inhibit PAF-induced tumor metastasis, which is related to the inactivation of MAPKs.

AngiotensinⅡ( AngⅡ) is the main functional bioac-tive peptide of the renin angiotensin system,and its basic function is to regulate salt-water homeostasis and blood pressure. Howev-er,recent studies have shown that AngⅡ plays a very important role in tumor formation and angiogenesis by acting on its type 1 receptor (AT1R) as a kind of potential growth factor. This arti-cle is a brief overview of the research on effects of AngⅡ-AT1R system in the process of tumor angiogenesis in recent years.

Objective To study the antidepression action of curcumin and to explore its mechanism. Methods Mouse reserpine-induced depression model and mouse tetrabenazine-induced acquired despair model were used to observe the effect of curcumin on relieving depression. According to the hypothesis of monoamine, the effect of curcumin on activating monoamine, and inhibiting reuptake of monoamine neurotransmitters and monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) were observed. Results Curcumin in the dose of 50 mg/kg and more can relieve melancholic symptoms in mice induced by reserpine and tetrabenazine. Curcumin had no direct activation on monoamine either had no obvious inhibition on reuptake of monoamine neurotransmitters of noradrenalin, 5-hydroxytriptamine and dopamine . However, Curcumin had an obvious effect on improving rat forelimb spasm induced by tryptamine hydrochloride. Conclusion Curcumin acts like a kind of monoamine oxidase inhibitor, which exerts antidepression action by inhibiting monoamine oxidase activity and increasing the concentration of monoamine neurotransmitter in brain.

MTH1 (MutT Homolog1 )as MutT homologous en-zyme,is a nucleotide pyrophosphatase,mainly involved in DNA damage repair process,especially plays an important role in the process of DNA replication in tumor cells.Recent studies have found that MTH1’s function is responsible for the development of a variety of tumors.Studies have shown that,MTH1 can remove tumor cells’oxidative DNA elements detrimental to the function-al structure,protecting tumor cell division and proliferation, maintaining tumor cell survival,however,normal cells do not need MTH1.Therefore,MTH1 may be only closely associated with abnormal cell growth.This makes MTH1 as therapeutic tar-gets that have been paid much attention.This article reviewed the relationship of MTH1 and tumor,discussed the mechanisms of MTH1 in tumor growth MTH1 and tumor treatment,so as to provide reference for clinical research and treatment of tumor.

The study on tumor metabolism has been gradually be-come a hot spot in recent years .A lot of proteins involved in the regulation of tumor metabolism especially the glucose transporter protein 1(GLUT1).As a key regulatory factor mediating energy metabolism within tumor cells , GLUT1 can regulate the glucose intake and maintain the basic level of metabolism in tumor cells . More importantly, the abnormal expression of GLUT1 was asso-ciated with many kinds of tumors , of which GLUT1 was used to meet the energy requirement for the fast growth of tumor .Thus GLUT1 also played a crucial role in growth , differentiation and metastasis of tumor cells and prognosis of tumors .Meanwhile , as three-dimensional crystal structure of GLUT 1 was determined , it is possible to design the small molecular inhibitors of GLUT 1, which can realize “starve to death” tumor cells.GLUT1 can be a particularly attractive target for tumor treatment and interfer-ence.The relationship between abnormal expression of GLUT 1 protein and tumor metabolism was reviewed . Moreover , the mechanism of tumor metabolism regulated by GLUT 1 protein ex-pression and treatment of cancers were discussed , which may provide references for future research and clinical treatment .