Objective To develop a method to determine trace Pb and Cd in mineral water, tap water and sea water. Methods Pb and Cd in the samples were enriched in the sulphydryl cotton column under the conditions that the pH of the samples was adjusted to 7 and collected by washing the column with 4 ml of 0.2 mol/L HCl solution. The concentration of Pb and Cd was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results Pb and Cd were not detected in four kinds of mineral water samples, but in tap water and sea water, Pb was 1.56 ?g/L and 0.43 ?g/L, Cd was 0.62 ?g/L and 0.07 ?g/L respectively. The rates of recovery were 96.6%-104.0% and RSD was

Multi-component Chinese medicine has been considered an important developmental direction for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula.Nowadays,it is unfit to target a molecule for preventing or curing a disease because it resulted from multiple of factors and resulted in many indications.Thus,the idea focusing on the multiple targets for therapy is increasingly accepted by physicians and scientists.Here,we conceived a new simplified method for screening the active multi-component Chinese medicine based on the complexity of Chinese medicine,the multi-target property of protein signal transduction and the principle of Chinese medicine prescription.Combined with the traditional knowledge on tumor and latest antitumor research results of Chinese medicine and its compounds,the method was concretely illustrated.It helps us to transform the herbal compounds to new complex drugs targeting multiple signaling.

Objective To evaluate the application of endoscopic needle- knife precut sphincterotomy (PST) in treating acute suppurative cholangitis. Methods After failure of routine papillary intubation during encoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) in papillary incarcerated stone or inflammatory stenosis cases, needle-knife PST was applied to find the lower opening of the common bile duct. After that, routine papillary sphincterotomy or balloon dilation followed. Then net basket for stone extraction and nasobiliary catheter for drainage were made. Results Eleven of the 12 cases′ stones were extracted successfully, the success rate was 91.7%. In the 11 cases, 5 cases′ incarcerated stones dropped into duodenum automatically after sphincterotomy; 9 cases′ stones were extracted successfully in one treatment while 2 cases′ stones were extracted secondarily after stents were implanted; 1 case′s stone could not be extracted and need surgical treatment after nasobiliary catheter drainage because of stenosis of the lower part of the common bile duct. There was no dead case in all the cases. Conclusions Acute suppurative cholangitis patients, who have papillary incarcerated stones or inflammatory stenosis, can receive more efficacious diagnosis and treatment by applying PST when routine endoscopic papillary intubation fails. PST is an important endoscopic treatment for acute calculous suppurative cholangitis

Objective The thesis is written for the purpose of getting understanding of the ultrasound clinical teaching statues. Methods Conducting cluster surveys through clinical graduates of Grade 2006 and the seven-year-program students of Grade 2002 of Guangzhou TCM. Data is analyzed through statistics of SPSS13.0. Results It shows that the time of students practicing in ultrasound division is generally and comparably less,and graduates are generally poor in ultrasound basic knowledge. At the same time,the teaching in ultrasound division has been considered to be normative,however,the teaching level of teachers are not in the same standard,and teaching contents are in poor targets,which will bring about adverse impacts to the professional studies for graduates. Conclusion Ultrasound Clinical Teaching Status of graduates is not optimistic for Guangzhou TCM,and we should regulate or make some adjustments of enhancing the teaching standards of teachers,teaching contents and teaching methods,etc.

Tumor metastasis is one of the important biological characteristics of malignant tumor,which is closely related with the prognosis of the cancer patients.High expression of ADAM8 in varieties of tumors was revealed in many recent studies,and such aberrant expression played a crucial role in regulating of tumor metastasis.Studies showed that overexpression of ADAM8 attenuated the intercellular adhesion effect,promoted tumor angiogenesis,and enhanced the degradation of ECM as well as the releasing of cytokines.Therefore,suppression of ADAM8 may lead to inhibition of tumor metastasis,which makes ADAM8 a particular attractive target as it can be used as a prognostic indicator and a potential therapeutic target of malignant tumor.A review about the relations between ADAM8 protein′s abnormal expression and tumor occurrence was discussed in this paper,also include discussion about the mechanisms of ADAM8 protein′s disorder-induced tumor formation,as well as therapeutic strategies based on ADAM8-targeted,which may provide references for follow-up research and clinical treatment.

The study on tumor metabolism has been gradually be-come a hot spot in recent years .A lot of proteins involved in the regulation of tumor metabolism especially the glucose transporter protein 1(GLUT1).As a key regulatory factor mediating energy metabolism within tumor cells , GLUT1 can regulate the glucose intake and maintain the basic level of metabolism in tumor cells . More importantly, the abnormal expression of GLUT1 was asso-ciated with many kinds of tumors , of which GLUT1 was used to meet the energy requirement for the fast growth of tumor .Thus GLUT1 also played a crucial role in growth , differentiation and metastasis of tumor cells and prognosis of tumors .Meanwhile , as three-dimensional crystal structure of GLUT 1 was determined , it is possible to design the small molecular inhibitors of GLUT 1, which can realize “starve to death” tumor cells.GLUT1 can be a particularly attractive target for tumor treatment and interfer-ence.The relationship between abnormal expression of GLUT 1 protein and tumor metabolism was reviewed . Moreover , the mechanism of tumor metabolism regulated by GLUT 1 protein ex-pression and treatment of cancers were discussed , which may provide references for future research and clinical treatment .

Objective To report a Chinese boy suffering from nephrotic syndrome associated with Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD). Methods The clnical data and pathological changes of renal biopsy were analyzed and associated literatures were reviewed. The clinicopathological features and diagnosis of SIOD were discussed. Results The first symptom of the patient was recurrent infections. Growth retardation, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia accompanied by nephrotic syndrome and defective cellular immunity were seen as clinical features in this patient. Renal pathology showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Conclusion Combining the clinical manifestation with renal pathology, the case is diagnosed as Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia.

AngiotensinⅡ( AngⅡ) is the main functional bioac-tive peptide of the renin angiotensin system,and its basic function is to regulate salt-water homeostasis and blood pressure. Howev-er,recent studies have shown that AngⅡ plays a very important role in tumor formation and angiogenesis by acting on its type 1 receptor (AT1R) as a kind of potential growth factor. This arti-cle is a brief overview of the research on effects of AngⅡ-AT1R system in the process of tumor angiogenesis in recent years.

AIM To observed the effect of procyanidins on DNA damage induced by carcinogen or hydroxyl radical (OH?),and inhibitory effect on topoisomerase. METHODS Using labeled TdR uptake assay and single cell gel electrophonesis. Topoisomerase was extracted from B16F10 cell lines, used agarose gel electrophoresis assay. RESULTS It was showed that hydroxyl radical (OH?) or different doses of MNNG can induce severe DNA damage of L 929 cell lines. Procyanidins can alleviate the damage induced by MNNG or OH?. It shows certain dose dependent effect relationship . But there is no significant inhibitory against Topo Ⅱ activity by procyanidins even at a dose of 50 ?mol?L -1 . CONCLUSION Procyanidins from grapes seeds can protect DNA damage,but not inhibit topoisomerase activity. This is one of cancer chemoprevention mechanism of Procyanidins.

The interferons(IFNs) are a family of the multifunctional cytokines, which are a kind of highly active and multifunctional glycoproteins.Studies in recent years have shown that IFNs exert a powerful antitumor effect by regulating the proliferation of tumor cells, suppressing tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, and activating antitumor immune response.Combined with other tumor treatment methods, it can inhibit the development of a variety of blood system tumors and solid tumors.In addition, the use of IFNs inducers or IFNs combined with emerging immunotherapy can significantly increase the effectiveness of tumor therapy.This review focuses on our understanding of antitumor mechanism and clinical application of IFNs, and provides some guidance for future research and clinical treatment.