STAT1 plays a central role in multiple intracellular signal transduction pathways.STAT1 gene mutations have led to four types primary immunodeficiency disease,including.autosomal recessive (AR) complete STAT1 deficiency,AR partial STAT1 deficiency,autosomal dominant (AD) STAT1 deficiency,and AD gain of STAT1 activity.The first three diseases due principally to the impairment of IFN-γ-mediated and/or IFN-α/β-mediated immunity.Different from common primary immunodeficiency diseases,AD gain of STAT1 function probably due to an enhancement of IFN-a/b-mediated immunity.This article reviews the pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,diagnosis and treatments of inborn errors of human STAT1 immunity.

Objective:To explore the value of the quantitative fecal immunochemical test (FIT) for primary colorectal cancer screening in health check-up population.Methods:A total of 468 health check-up participants who underwent quantitative FIT and colonoscopy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2018 to December 2019 were enrolled into this study. The participants were divided into two groups-the negative group(FIT<100 μg/L)and the positive group(FIT≥100 μg/L) according to the results of the quantitative FIT. We compared the detection rate of colorectal polyps and colorectal advanced cancer between the two groups, and analyzed the sensitivity and specificity of the quantitative FIT for advanced colorectal cancer and the risk factors of colorectal polyps.Results:The positive rate of quantitative FIT in the healthy population was about 4.6% (95% CI: 4.27%-4.93%). The detection rate of colorectal polyps in the positive group was significantly higher than that of the negative group (51.53%, 95% CI: 45.81%-57.25%) vs (34.28%, 95% CI: 27.25%-41.31%, P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of the quantitative FIT for advanced colorectal cancer was 98.55% and 56.77%, respectively. The positive predictive value of the quantitative FIT for advanced colorectal cancer was 50.37%, while the negative predictive value was 98.88%. With the increase of FIT value, the detection rate of advanced cancer was increased (χ2 =20.08, P<0.001). The multivariate logistic regression of colorectal cancer suggested that the risk of colorectal polyps in patients with a history of diabetes was significantly higher ( OR=3.28, 95% CI: 1.45-7.41, P=0.004); the risk of colorectal polyps in men was also significantly higher ( OR=3.05, 95% CI: 1.40-6.65, P=0.005). Conclusions:Quantitative FIT is an ideal non-invasive examination for primary colorectal cancer screening for a health check-up population. Patients with negative FIT are less likely to develop colorectal cancer. Diabetes history, male, and age are independent risk factors for colorectal cancer.

AimThe aim of this study was to establish a rodent model with similar characters of human metabolic syndrome(MS).Methods Three species mice and Wistar rats were fed with high energy chows(HEC)for 6 to 23 weeks.Animals were weighted every week.Fasting blood glucose(FBG)together with total cholesterol(TC)and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C)were investigated by oxidase test every two week.And fasting blood insulin(FINS)was determined by radioimmunoassay.Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)was calculated as FBG×FINS/22.5.At the end of the experiment,oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed.Then animals were decapitated,and coel-fat and orchio-fat were collected and weighted to calculate the visceral fat coefficient(VFC).Results FBG,serum TC and LDL-C significantly increased(P<0.01)after 6 weeks feed of HEC in KM mice.The mice also formed abdominal obesity and insulin resistant together with impairment of glucose tolerance(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Though similar to the KM mice,C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice couldn't form abdominal obesity while the latter had increased body weight(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Wistar rats formed hyperlipidemia from 1 to 10 week and hyperglycemia from 10 to 23 week together with insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion KM mice feed with HEC for 6 weeks could successfully establish metabolic syndrome mice model which might be suitable for drug-screening,the major characters includes the formation of abdominal obesity(increase of VFC),the increase of serum TC,LDL-C,FBG and HOMA-IR,and the decrease of OGTT.

Recent studies show that resveratrol is characterized with its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer through modulating intracellular carbohydrate and ceramide metabolism, activating tumor suppressors such as activator of transcription 3 and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ, down-regulating the expression of kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene and inhibiting the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition process of cancer cells.In addition,resveratrol exhibits its broad application prospects in combination therapy.

Objective To conduct the preliminary toxicology tests and evaluate the preservation effect on a new specimen preservation solution in order to provide scientific basis for its application security. Methods Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly di-vided into the normal saline group, the formalin preservation group,the mixture group,and the new preservation solution group. Recorded the irritation of different solution on the skin,eye of rabbits,the effect of liver sample preservation in different solution,and the evaporation rate of these solution. And to find a set of preservative solution which is more suitable for preservation of specimens and can reduce the cost. Results The new preservation solution is stimulus on rabbit skin and eye,and it is stronger than the formaldehyde group. Compared with the other three groups,the mixture group has the best preservation effect, and the new preservation solution group has a better preservation effect than the formalin preservation solution group. Conclusion The 1∶1 mixture solution of the new preservation solution and formaldehyde is more suitable preservation solution and it can reduce the costs.

0.05). In RAC group, the Na +,K + ATPase activity of the left kidney decreased compared with that of the right kidney (1.96?0.42 vs 5.33?0.77, P

Objective:To investigate the protective effects of paeoniflorin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion ( MI/R) injury in rats. Methods:The rat model of MI/R injury was prepared by coronary artery ligation for 30 min followed by 2-hour reperfusion. Then the rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham group, model group, paeoniflorin group respectively at high, medium and low dose (20, 10 and 5 mg·kg-1, n=10). Paeoniflorin was respectively injected via tail vein 1 h before the operation and at the beginning of the reperfusion. The CK, LDH and SOD activities and MDA contents in serum of rats were examined, and the area of myocardial in-farction was also calculated after the reperfusion. Results:Paeoniflorin (20 and 10 mg·kg-1 ) could significantly reduce the area of myocardial infarction when compared with the model group (P<0. 05). Paeoniflorin could obviously inhibit the CK and LDH activities (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01) and enhance the SOD activity (P<0. 01) in serum of MI/R rats. The MDA content in paeoniflorin groups at high and medium dose was significantly lower than that in the model group (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Paeoniflorin pretreatment shows effectiveness against MI/R injury, which may be associated with the inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

Objective To evaluate detection effect of three methods on monitoring microbes in dialysate and dialysis water for hemodialysis.Methods Seventy-two dialysate and dialysis water specimens were collected from 36 medical institutions,specimens were cultured with three methods: blood agar plate incubated at 35℃ for 72 hours,Tryptic soy agar(TSA)plate incubated at 35℃ for 72 hours,and Reasoner's 2A agar(R2A agar)plate incubated at 23℃ for 168 hours,colony counts,isolation of colony,and detection rate of colony exceeding action level(≥50 CFU/mL)were compared among three methods.Results The colony isolation rates of microbes in dialysate and dialysis water detected by blood agar plate,TSA plate and R2A plate were 40.28%,63.89%,and 69.44%respectively,difference was significant(x2=14.16,P<0.05);pairwise comparison showed that isolation rates of colony on R2A agar plate and TSA plate were higher than blood agar plate.There was significant difference in isolated colony count between blood agar plate and R2A agar plate,TSA plate and R2A agar plate respectively(Z=-4.515,-6.970 respectively,both P<0.05).The rates of isolated colony exceeding action level in dialysate and dialysis water detected by blood agar plate,TSA plate,and R2A agar plate were 1.39%,4.17%,and 20.83%respectively,difference was significant(x2=19.83,P<0.05),detection rate of R2A agar plate was higher than the other two methods.Conclusion The detection rate of colony by R2A agar plate and TSA plate are better than blood agar plate,detection rate of colony exceeding action level by R2A agar plate is higher than TSA plate and blood agar plate,R2A agar plate for microbial monitoring(23℃,168 h)on dialysate and dialysis water is superior to the other two methods.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and digital mammography (DM) for radial lesions.Methods:The data of 76 patients (78 lesions) with radial lesions confirmed by operation and pathology on DBT between December 2016 and May 2020 in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were analyzed retrospectively. Taking pathological results as the gold standard, 78 lesions were divided into benign radial lesions ( n=46) and malignant radial lesions ( n=32), and their DBT features were compared. According to the standard of breast imaging report and data system (BI-RADS), the wheel-spoke structure, central density, overall size, central size and surrounding burr length of the two groups of radial lesions were compared on DBT. Results:The detection rates of DM and DBT for 78 radial lesions were 59.0% (46/78) and 100% (78/78), the difference had statistically significant ( P<0.05). The diagnostic accuracy rates of DM and DBT for 78 radial lesions was 65.2% (30/46) and 74.4% (58/78), the difference had no statistically significant ( P>0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, misdiagnosis rates, missed diagnosis rates of DM and DBT in the diagnosis of malignant radial lesions were 64.3%(18/28) and 84.4%(27/32), 66.7% (12/18) and 67.4%(31/46), 33.3%(6/18) and 32.6%(15/46), 35.7%(10/28) and 15.6%(5/32), respectively. The difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). There were significant differences in the overall size of lesions [18.0 (14.9, 29.2) mm, 26.5 (20.2, 34.9) mm], central size [3.5 (2.5, 4.5) mm, 4.5 (3.5, 5.5) mm] and peripheral burr length [(11±6) mm, (13±4) mm] between benign and malignant radial lesions on DBT ( P<0.05). When the central size of the lesion was 5 mm, there was significant difference in the distribution of benign and malignant radial lesions ( P<0.05), and when the overall size of the lesion was 2 cm, there was significant difference in the distribution of benign and malignant radial lesions ( P<0.05). Conclusion:DBT can improve the detection and diagnosis accuracy of radial lesions, and provide an important basis for clinicians to make surgical treatment decisions.

Objective To observe the effects of treadmill training and music therapy on freezing of gait among patients with Parkinson′s disease. Methods Fifty-six Parkinson′s disease patients with freezing of gait were randomly divided into a control group, a treadmill training group, a music group and a united group, each of fourteen. All groups received standard medication. The treadmill training group and the music group were also given treadmill training and music therapy respectively. The united group received both treadmill training and music therapy. All of the patients were assessed in terms of freezing score, time to start a first step, incidence of falls, UPDRS-Ⅲ scores and MBI scores before and after 8 weeks of intervention. Results There were no sig-nificant differences among the 4 groups before the training. Significant differences were observed in all of the measurements between the treadmill training and united groups after the treatment. In the music group, only the average UPDRS-Ⅲ and MBI results were significantly improved after the treatment. Compared with the treadmill training and music groups, the united group showed significant differences in all of the measurements. Conclu-sion Treadmill training combined with music therapy is more effective than either alone in relieving gait freezing among those with Parkinson′s disease. It decreases falling and improves their capacity in the activities of daily living life, thus their quality of life.