Animals are essential for medical experiments.This paper proposes to put humanistic care into animal experiment teaching,starting with treating those animals who sacrifice for scientific research with mercy.The 3R theory based cultivation of humanistic value should be the essence of modern medical education.

Eremothecium ashbyii cultivated on "half cooked" cereal granules of rice, kaoliang, corn, millet, wheat bran, rice bran and bean refuse* is able to produce a considerable amount of riboflavin. It was found that the highest riboflavin production was obtained after 12-14 days' incubation at 28℃. The relative amount of riboflavin in these different granules was discovered in a decreasing order as follows: wheat bran, bean refuse, rice bran, millet, corn, kaoliang and rice. There is no difference in the amount of riboflavin synthesized by using different granular size of the same cereal.All these fermented products may be usect for enrichment of the riboflavin in processed-food and certain pharmaceutical preparations. Fermented wheat bran and bean refuse are considered to be most favourable for this purpose owing to this lower cost, simple operation and higher riboflavin content.*Bean refuse called Tou-Cha in Chinese is a by-product of bean curd.

Objective To prepare recombinant human papillomavirus 58 L1 protein virus-like particles(HPV58 LI VLPs)in Pichia pastoris and immunize mice with the purified product to evaluate the immunogenicity of HPV58 L1 VLPs.Methods The HPV58 L1 multi-copy expression plasmid was constructed and transformed into Pichia pastoris KM71.The highly expressed Pichia pastoris engineering strain was screened and cultured in 5 L fermenter.The expressed HPV58 L1 VLPs were isolated and purified,which were then used to immunize 80 female BALB/c mice at different doses by intraperitoneal injection.After four weeks,the immune effect was evaluated by median effective dose(ED_(50)).Results Restriction analysis results showed that HPV58 L1 expression vectors were constructed correctly.Western blot,amino acid sequencing and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) results showed that HPV58 L1 protein was correctly expressed in Pichia pastoris and could self-assemble into VLPs at a diameter of about 50 nm.After purification by ion exchange and size exclusion chromatography,the HPV58 L1 VLPs reached a purity above 95%,and the ED_(50) in mouse model was 0.009 μg.Conclusion Recombinant HPV58 L1 VLPs with good immunogenicity were successfully prepared by using Pichia pastoris.

Objective To investigate the activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9 by acute arterial injury and the involved signaling mechanism in murine femoral artery. Methods In the C57BL/6 mice femoral artery denudation injury were performed. Total protein and membrane protein extracts were prepared from targeted arteries. The MMP 9 activity was measured by zymography assay, the expressions of MMP 9 antigen and protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms were measured by Western blot. Seventy-two hours after mice fed with PKCβ inhibitor (ruboxistaurin), the denudation injury triggered MMP 9 activation was reassessed. Results Within 4-24 hours after denudation injury, MMP 9 activity in femoral arteries was significantly increased, with a peak induction of (99.3±9.5) times the sham control (F=51.49,P＜0.01) at 8 h. MMP 9 antigen increased in parallel with MMP 9 activity. Within 15-120 minutes after denudation injury, there was a significant induction of PKCβⅡ in membrane fraction of femoral arteries, with a maximum induction of (7.50±0.60) times the sham control (F=207.06,P＜0.01)at 30 min. Injury-induced MMP 9 activation was significantly inhibited by ruboxistaurin. Conclusions MMP 9 activation is, at least in part, mediated by PKCβ in acute arterial denudation injury, it highlights the new target for therapeutic intervention to suppress the over-activation of MMP 9, which plays a critical role in restenosis.

Objective To explore the influence of combination anaesthesia application of midazolam and propofol on stress reactions in radical resection of colon cancer,and to explore novel clinical compatibility of anaesthesia drugs.Methods 40 patients received radical resection of colon cancer were selected and divided into control group and combination group randomly and evenly.Control group received general anesthesia by propofol,while combination group received additional midazolam when anesthesia induction was taken.Glycemia,CRP,complement C3 and cortisol were observed and compared at T1 (before anesthesia induction),T2 (4h after beginning of surgery) and T3 (24h after surgery).Results Compared with T1,glu increased significantly at T2 and T3 (all P ＜ 0.05) ; Compared with combination group,glycemia increased more significant in control group (P ＜ 0.05) ; CRP and cortisol increased significantly in all patients compared with T1 (P ＜ 0.05),more significant in control group (P ＜ 0.05) ; a significant decrease after increase trend was identified for complement C3 (P ＜ 0.05),more significant decrease was found in control group at T2 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Combination anesthesia of propofol and midazolam could decrease the strength of stress reaction in radical resection of colon cancer.

Objective:To discuss the influence and curative effect of bifidobacterium tetravaccine tablets on serum substance P ( SP) and neuropeptide Y ( NPY) levels in the patients with irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS) . Methods: Totally 84 cases of patients with IBS were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group at random. The patients in the two groups were both given the medical treatment, such as diet adjustment, malntenance of water and electrolyte acid-base balance, administration of gastro-intestinal antispasmodic and antidiarrheal agents. The patients in the observation group were additionally given 0. 15g bifidobacterium tetravaccine tablets per time, three times a day for 8 weeks. The changes of serum SP and NPY levels in the two groups before and after the treatment were observed, and the clinical curative effect and adverse drug reaction ( ADR) were compared. Results:After the 8-week medical treatment, the serum SP level in the two groups was obviously declined than that before the treatment, while the NPY lev-el was obviously ralsed than that before the treatment (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01), and the declining or increase in the observation group was much higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). Meanwhile, the total clinical efficiency in the observation group was 95. 24%, which was much higher than that in the control group (78. 57%, P<0. 05). After comparing the occurrence of ADR be-tween the two groups, no statistical differences were appeared (P>0. 05). Conclusion:Bifidobacterium tetravaccine tablets show reli-able curative effect on IBS with high security, and the curative effect has close relationship with inhibiting the release of SP, enhancing the release of NPY, adjusting the excitement of braln gut axis and inhibiting the imbalance of braln gut petide in the patients with IBS.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the countermeasures in enforcing medical intellectual property rights strategy in China. METHODS: The urgency and status quo of enforcing medical intellectual property rights strategy in China were analyzed, and the corresponding countermeasures were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: Speed up the enforcement of medical intellectual property rights strategy is the only way toward developing medicine economy and improving our international competition edge.

Objective To ascertain and evaluate the quality of radiological protection in rural and urban primary health care institutions . Methods Questionnaires were designed to investigate the protection levels in diagnostic radiology in primary health care institutions in six cities in 2013 and to evaluate the results by using the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution ( TOPSIS) combined with the rank sum ratio ( RSR) method.Results The six cities and an integrated case ( all the data of the six prefecture-level citys were merged as one for comprasion ) were ranked based on the comprehensive assessment.The order from good to bad was Suzhou , Dalian, Yichang, integrated case, Shaoxing, Quzhou and Heihe.The results were divided into three grades , with Suzhou, Dalian at best grade, Yichang, integrated case, Shaoxing, Quzhou at middle grade, and Heihe at poor grade. Conclusions The quality of protection in radiation diagnosis varied considerably .Suzhou ranked the first and Heihe ranked the last .The study suggests that efforts should be focused on the management of key cities and indicators to upgrade whole protection level in radiation diagnosis .

Objective To investigate the effect of two kinds of drainage operation including incision and drainage of abdominal operation and percutaneous puncture and drainage operation under ultrasound guidance on the short-term curative effect, mortality and complications risk in patients with single giant bacterial liver abscess. Methods Eighty patients with single giant bacterial liver abscess were selected, and all patients were treated with conventional therapy. Among them, 40 patients underwent incision and drainage of abdominal operation (control group), and 40 patients underwent percutaneous puncture and drainage operation under ultrasound guidance (observation group). The short-term curative effect, operation time, time of returning to normal body temperature, time of returning to normal white blood cell, hospitalization time, mortality and incidence of postoperative complication were compared between 2 groups. Results There were no statistical differences in total effective rate and mortality between control group and observation group: 92.5%(37/40) vs. 97.5%(39/40) and 5.0%(2/40) vs. 7.5%(3/40), P>0.05. The operation time, time of returning to normal body temperature, time of returning to normal white blood cell and hospitalization time in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group:(44.52 ± 5.68) min vs. (98.59 ± 12.70) min, (3.25 ± 0.74) d vs. (4.86 ± 1.32) d, (5.20 ± 1.35) d vs. (7.42 ± 1.79) d, (16.94 ± 3.61) d vs. (25.52 ± 5.28) d. The incidence of postoperative complication was significantly lower than that in control group:10.0%(4/40) vs. 27.5%(11/40), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions Two kinds of drainage operation in the treatment in patients with single giant bacterial liver abscess possesses the same clinical efficacy for short-and long-term curative effect; but percutaneous puncture and drainage operation under ultrasound guidance application can efficiently alleviate the clinical symptoms and signs, accelerate the recovery process of disease and be helpful to reduce the risk of postoperative complications.