Objective To determine the moisture in Huodan pills by near-infrared spectroscopy. Methods At the beginning,water content of 174 samples were determined and all data of samples about near-infrared spectrum were collected. And then all the data were pretreated by first-derivative and Savitzky-Golay filter. At last,the NIR quantitative model for moisture in huodan pills was established by partial least squares regression and validated by the validation set. Results The correlation coefficients,the root mean square error overall of calibration, that of cross validation of the calibration model was 0. 988 17, 0. 103,and 0. 326 16,respectively. The root mean square error overall of prediction and the average recovery of validation was 0. 217 and 98. 02%. Conclusion The NIR spectroscopy analysis model is steady,accurate and reliable,which can be used to detecte moisture content of huodan pills.

Objective To retrospectively compare CT and MR features of hepatocellular adenoma with pathologic findings.Methods Twelve patients with histopathologically proved hepatocellular adenoma were classified on the basis of pathologic and genotype phenotype findings into four groups:steatotic type,cytological abnormality type,telangiectatic adenoma with inflammatory infiltrates type and atypical adenoma type.The CT and MR features of each type were reviewed retrospectively compared with the pathological results.Results In this retrospective study,12 patients were examined with CT (8 patients) and MR (8 patients).Among 12 patients,4 patients showed a steatotic type.One patient showed hypo-density on the non-enhanced CT and 3 patients demonstrated hypo-density on all phases of the post-contrast scans.Two lesions showed iso-intense signal on the in-phase T1 WI with signal dropout on the out-of-phase T1WI,and hypo-intense signal on the T2 WI with fat suppression sequences.One lesion demonstrated moderate hypointense signal on all phases of the post-contrast MRI scans.Two patients with the telangiectatic adenoma irflammatory infiltrates type were found.One patient showed hypo-density on the non-enhanced CT scans and hyper-density on all phases of the post-contrast CT scans.One patient demonstrated iso-intense signal and the other hypo-intense signal on the T1 WI,and both displayed moderate hyper-intense signal on the T2WI with fat suppression sequences and hyper-intense signal with gradual enhancement on all phases of post-contrast MR scans.There were 3 patients with a cytological abnormality type.One patient appeared hypodensity and 1 patient showed uniform iso-density on non-enhanced CT scans.All patients who had undergone contrast-enhanced CT scans were found to have hyper-density on the hepatic arterial-dominant phase and became slightly lower on the portal venous phase.On the delay phase the density reduced further.One mass showed iso-intense signal on the T1WI and hyper-intense signal on the T2WI with fat suppression sequences.There were 3 patients with an atypical adenoma type.One patient appeared uniform hypo-density on the nonenhanced CT and hyper-density on the hepatic arterial-dominant phase and became iso-dense on the portal venous phase.On the delay phase,it was slightly hyper-dense.Two out of the three lesions showed isointense and one hypo-intense signal on the in-phase T1 WI,and hypo-intense,hyper-intense,and iso-intense signal on the T2WI with fat suppression sequences,respectively.Two patients examined on all phases of post-contrast MRI scans.The result was similar to the CT findings.Conclusion The imaging features of hepatocellular adenoma are closely associated with pathological characteristics.

Objective To assess the left ventricular(LV)segmental function by velocity vector imaging(VVI)in uremic patients with diffferent quantity of parathyroid hormone(PTH).Methods Sixty patients with uremia were divided into 2 groups according to the value of PTH:group A with PTH less than 3 times of upper normal limit,group B with PTH more than 3 times of upper normal limit.Normal control group was 30 healthy subj ects.All people were evaluated by VVI.The parameters,including the longitudinal systolic strain rate(SSR),diastolic strain rate(DSR),were analysed among the three groups.Results Compared with normal group,in group A and B,SSR,DSR in all segments were lower.Compared with group A,in group B,DSR were all significantly lower(P＜0.05),SSR in apex of laternal wall,medium of anterior septum wall,posterior wall,medium and apex of posterior septum wall and superior wall,base,medium and apex of anterior wall were significantly lower(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference of left ventricular ejection fraction between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions VVI is a viable objective tool to quantitatively assess LV segmental function damaged by different quantity of PTH.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving the application ability of professional English for students major-ing in pharmacy in higher vocational education. METHODS:The career-oriented practical pharmaceutical English course and teach-ing system were constructed through the way of formulation of curriculum standards,establishment of teachers’team,development of school-based teaching material,application of CBI theme teaching mode and variety teaching methods,and it was carried out among students majoring in pharmacy in 2011-2014 grades in our school. Besides,experimental and survey research were used for the evaluation of Proctical Pharmaceutical English. RESULTS:There was no significant difference in the academic achievement and questionnaire evaluation between 2 class before teaching(P>0.05);however,academic achievement and questionnaire evaluation were higher than 2 class after teaching,experimemal class higher than control class,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The career-oriented Practical Pharmaceutical English course and teaching system is feasible and effective;compared with traditional teaching,it can inspire students' interest in English learning,improve the ability to use English in the work and motivate their comprehensive qualities.

Hedyotis diffusa is an antioxidant, antibacterial Chinese herbal medicine which has anti-tumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, enhance the effect of nonspecific immunity and protection of the nervous system. Clinical application shows thatHedyotis diffusa has good efficacy on treatment of malignant tumors and inflammatory diseases. Referred to some papers published at home and abroad, this paper summarized from the aspects of active ingredient and antitumor effect. Results showes that its anti-tumor effect exactly, anti-tumor mechanism may be associated with a variety of molecular mechanisms, which remains to be further in-depth study.

Objective To explore the main risk factorrelated to the incidence of chroniobstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among Chinese people in mainland so ato provide the basifothe decision making on COPD prevention .MethodEighpublished literatureof case-control studieon the risk factoof COPD were collected and analyzed quantitatively and synthetically by the metanalysi;the RevMan 5 .2 software waadopted to perform the consistency tesand calculate the pooled oddradio (OR) value and 95% CI .The risk factorwith the Ovalue＞1 were performed the calculation of population attributable risk pro-portion(PARP) .ResultThe pooled oddradio value,95% CI and PARP were smoking OR= 2 .12(1 .58 -2 .86) ,PARP=28 .16% ;occupational exposure OR=1 .82(1 .04-3 .18) ,PARP=11 .60% ;family history of respiratory disease OR=1 .82(1 .36-2 .44) ,PARP=14 .25% ;coal and biomasfuel focooking and heating OR=3 .29(1 .01-10 .67) ,PARP=41 .29% ;low body masindex OR=2 .58(1 .78-3 .74) ,PARP=5 .71% ;low educational degree OR=1 .24(1 .02 -1 .50) ,PARP=12 .93% ;history of re-currenrespiratory tracinfection during childhood OR= 2 .10 (0 .99 -4 .47 ) ,PARP= 13 .39% ;passitive smoking OR= 1 .00 (0 .89-1 .11) .Conclusion Smoking ,occupational exposure ,family history of respiratory disease ,coal and biomasfuel focooking and heating ,low body masindex ,low educational degree and history of recurrenrespiratory tracinfection during childhood are the risk factorinfluencing the incidence of COPD among Chinese people in mainland .

Objective To analyze the protein expression profile of HeLa cells transfected with pORF5 gene of Chlamydia trachomatis. Methods A lentiviral expression vector containing pORF5 gene was constructed. The lentiviral expression vector and helper plasmids were co-transfected into 293T cells to construct the recombinant lentivirus, which was used to infect HeLa cells. HeLa cells transfected with pORF5 gene and control HeLa cells were sorted out by flow cytometry. The isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation ( iTRAQ) approach combined with nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spec-trometry ( NanoLC-MS/MS) analysis was performed to understand protein expression profiles and to iden-tify and quantify the differentially expressed proteins in the pORF5-transfected HeLa cells ( pORF5-Hela) and the control HeLa cells. Quantitative real-time PCR ( qRT-PCR ) and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the expression of some proteins at mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Results HeLa cell line stably transfected with pORF5 gene and control HeLa cell line were constructed successful-ly. Totally 314 proteins were differentially expressed between the pORF5-HeLa and control HeLa cells, 159 of which showed increased expression and the other 155 showed decreased expression in pORF5-HeLa cells. The differentially expressed proteins were involved in many processes, such as metabolic process, immune response, biological adhesion and so on. Results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression of HIST1H1C(histone H1. 2C), HBA1(hemoglobin subunit alpha), PARK7(parkinson disease protein 7), HMGB1(high mobility group protein B1) and HMGB2 at mRNA level in pORF5-HeLa cells were up-regulated, while the expression of CLIC1 ( chloride intracellular channel protein 1 ) , KRT7 ( typeⅡ cy-toskeletal 7), SFN(14-3-3 protein sigma) and CDKN2A(cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A) were down-regulated. Western blot analysis confirmed the enhanced expression of HMGB1 and PRAK7 at pro-tein level. The results of qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis were consistent with proteomic data. Con-clusion Expression profiles for differentially expressed proteins between pORF5-HeLa and control HeLa cells were established successfully. The differentially expressed proteins regulated by pORF5 gene were found to be related to cell metabolism, proliferation, adhesion and so on, suggesting that pORF5 might promote the growth and proliferation of Ct by regulating protein expression and biological behavior of host cells.

Aim To investigate the proliferative effect and the apoptosis of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells induced by gallic acid ( GA ) , and its underlying mechanism. Methods SMMC-7721 cells were cul-tured in vitro. MTT assay was used to observe the pro-liferation of SMMC-7721 cells induced on GA 24 , 48 , 72 h. The morphological and ultra structural changes of the SMMC-7721 cells were observed by inverted micro-scope and transmission electron microscope respective-ly. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining was used to quantify the percentages of apoptosis in the total cell popula-tion. The expression of p53 mRNA was investigated by RT-PCR. Western blot was used to determine the pro-tein expression of p53. Results GA(6. 25~50 μmol ·L-1 ) markedly inhibited the activity of proliferation and induced apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells after 48 h in a dose-dependent manner. GA significantly induced cell nuclear condensation and fragmentation. RT-PCR and Western blot results showed that GA could improve the expression of p53 mRNA and protein. Conclusion GA can inhibit the proliferation of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells and induce cells apoptosis. The mechanism may be associated with improving tumor suppressor gene p53 expression.

Purpose To detect the HER2 gene amplification by fluorescence in-situ hybridization(FISH) and to explore its clinicopathologic relationship with the breast cancer.Methods A prospective study was conducted in 50 cases of breast invasive ductal carcinoma from Beijing Toren Hospital. Clinicopathologic data were summarized and FISH was performed in the paraffin-embedded sections for HER2 gene amplificayion using DNA probe, and immunohistochemical stain for ER, PR and HER2.Results The average age of the patients was 55.5 years. The pathologic grading showed that 11 cases were in grade Ⅰ, 30 cases in grade Ⅱ, and 9 cases in grade Ⅲ. The TNM staging showed that 13 cases were in stage Ⅰ,15 cases in ⅡA,13 cases in ⅡB,6 cases in ⅢA,2 cases in ⅢB,and 1 case in ⅢC.The median metastasis rate of lymph node was 6.91%.33 cases were positive for ER,and 32 cases positive for PR.For HER2 detection, 40 cases were positive by IHC and 33 positive by FISH. HER2 gene amplification by FISH was closely related with the expression of HER2 protein by immunohistochemistry, but not significantly related with pathologic grading, The TNM staging, median lymph node metastasis rate, ER and PR status (P>0.05). FISH test was positive in 3 cases of tumor embolus and 3 cases of multiple primary tumors. Conclusions FISH and immunohistochemistry for detecting HER2 have a good conformance, HER2 gene amplification may be related with tumor embolus and multiple primary tumors, but it can not be used as an indirect marker to predict the prognosis.

Objective To analyze the influence of the mean energy and the full-width of half msximum(FWHM)of incident electron beam intensity distilbution(assumed Gaussian distribution)on depth dose curves and off-axis ratios and to derive a most optimal combination of mean energy and FWHM of incident electron beam intensity distribution.Methods The study simulated 6 MV photon beam produced by Varian 600C medical linear accelerator with OMEGA/EGSnrc by matching the relative error of calculated and measured depth dose curves past depth of maximum dose and off-axis ratios at a depth of 10.0 cm in water within 2%.Results The depth dose curves were relatively insensitive to the mean energy past depth of maximum dose and the FWHM of the incident electron beam intensity distribution.Dose profiles were sensitive tO the mean energy and FWHM.The dose profiles horns decreased as the mean energy and tlle FWHM of the ineident electron beam intensity distilbution increased.The calculated value of the depth dose curves matched well with the measured value.The calculated value of the off-axis ratio was consistent with the measured value within the radiation field.However, the maximum errors of individual measurement points in the penumbra region and OUt of the field reached 18.5%.Conclusions In the field.the most optimal combination of mean energy and FWHM of incident electron beam intensitv distribution Can be derived, however,can not be derived out of the field and in the penumbra region.