Objective:To optimize the preparation technology of ketoconazole and miconazole nitrateβ-cyclodextrin inclusion com-pound. Methods: The weight ratio of β-cyclodextrin to ketoconazole, inclusion temperature and inclusion time as the testing factors, the optimal inclusion technology was screened by orthogonal experiments. Results:The optimum inclusion conditions were as follows:the weight ratio of β-cyclodextrin to ketoconazole was 8 ∶1, the inclusion temperature was 50℃, and the ultrasonic time was 50 min. Conclusion:The optimized β-cyclodextrin inclusion process is simple and convenient to carry out.

Objective:To study the effect of caprylic/capric acid glycerides (Lab), propylene glycol (PG) and Azone on the transdermal behavior of ketoconazole and miconazole nitrate in compound ketoconazole gel, to screen appropriate penetration enhanc-ers. Methods:Using a RYJ-6A-type transdermal drug diffusion tester, the effects of Lab, PG and Azone at different concentrations on the transdermal behavior of ketoconazole and miconazole nitrate in compound ketoconazole gel were studied. Results:3% PG showed the most obvious penetration enhancement, which could increase the permeation of ketoconazole by 2. 004 times, and increase the pen-etration of miconazole nitrate by 1. 795 times, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05). Conclusion:The penetra-tion effect of 3% PG is obvious, which can be applied in compound ketoconazole gel.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the lack of expression of hormone receptors, as well as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and displays special biological and clinicopathological characteristics. This subtype is aggressive in nature with high histological grade. Besides invasive ductal carcinoma,several special histological types have also been found. The features of the TNBC subgroup roughly parallel those of the basal-like subgroup. Due to the lack of molecular targets, this subgroup has no chance of endocrine treatment and target therapy. Currently, the treatment of TNBC is dominated by chemotherapy based on anthracycline with suboptimal efficacy. Overall, the prognosis has remained quite poor. Emerging evidence indicates that patients regimens with triple negative breast cancer usually displays high rate of early recurrence and distant metastasis. Both the diseasefree survival and overall survival rates are low. Although this subtype which shows same immunohistologic pattern, great heterogeneity still exists within the group causing distinctions in morphology, prognosis, and more importantly, drastically different reactions to same treatment protocol. In recent years, TNBC has been widely concerned by both clinician and pathologist. Several targeted drugs for corresponding signal pathway as well as the subtype of triple negative breast cancer have been widely studied. This article focused on the advances in clinicopathological characteristics, new subtypes and treatment of triple negative breast cancer.

Objective To explore the expression of interleukin 13(IL-13) mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and its association with serum C-reaction protein(CRP) in patients with ulcerative colitis(UC). Methods IL-13 mRNA expression in PBMCs was detected by RT-PCR in patients with UC(21 cases of active UC and 10 cases of quiescent UC)and 20 healthy subjects. At the same time, the serum level of CRP was detected by ELISA. Results The expression level of IL-13 mRNA in PBMCs of patients with active UC was significantly lower than that in PBMCs of patients with quiescent UC and healthy subjects (6.45?1.23 vs 14.72?2.12 or 15.17?2.38,P0.05). The expression level of IL-13 mRNA in PBMCs of active UC patients was negative correlation with serum level of CRP (r=-0.589,P

Objective To study the characters of oscillatory potentials (OPs) of electroretinogram (ERG) after methanol intoxication in rats. Method The SD rat models of methanol intoxication were established and divided into control group, 3-day intoxication group, 7-day intoxication group. The changes of OPs of ERG were recorded in a dark room. Results The total amplitudes of 3-day and 7-day intoxication groups decreased approximately 50% compared with that of the control group, while the schedule de-layed approximately 16% and 61%, respectively. Conclusion The characters of methanol intoxication in rats included delay in schedule and decline in the total amplitude of OPs.

αB-crystallin is the structural protein of vertebrate lens, w hich is w idely expressed in non-lens tissue. As one of the heat shock protein fam ily m em bers,αB-crystallin possesses biological proper-ties of m olecular chaperones and anti-apoptotic effects. Multi-factor injuries, such as retinopathy, inflam-m ation and nervous system diseases, have a closely relationship w ith αB-crystallin. T his paper review s the research progress of the expression and m echanism ofαB-crystallin in retina and extraocular tissues and organs.

Objective To investigate concentration and distribution in blood and tissues of form icacid after m ethanol intoxication in rats. Methods The Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into groups for con-trol group and 3-day and 7-day intoxication treatm ent groups. The experim ental groups were adm inis-tered m ethanol by gavage with the initial dose of 8 m L/kg and followed with 4 m L/kg supplem ental dose 24 h later. After 3 days and 7 days later, rats were killed by decapitation. Then sam ples of cardiac blood, liver, kidney, brain, heart and stom ach of each group were collected. Form icacid concentrations were detected by high perform ance liquid chrom atography. Results Form icacid concentrations in tissues were higher than in blood. Com pared with 3-day intoxication group, there was an increase form icacid of concentration in brain and stom ach in 7-day intoxication group, while a decrease in liver and kidney (P<0.05). Conclusion H igh perform ance liquid chrom atography could be used to accurately detect form icacid. As the m etabolite of m ethanol, form icacid accum ulates in rat blood and tissues after intoxication and the concentrations in organs and tissues are obviously higher than in blood.

Objective To evaluate the value of virtual touch tissue imaging quantification (VTIQ),which was combined with ultrasound Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS),for differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions.Methods Totally 190 patients with 214 breast lesions were enrolled in this study.All lesions were classified according to the BI-RADS for sonography.The maximum,minimum and mean shear wave velocity (SWV) values on VTIQ in the lesions were obtained.The SWV between benign and malignant lesions were analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were plotted to determine the cut off value of VTIQ for differential diagnosis of breast lesions. Results Pathology confirmed 166 benign lesions and 48 malignant lesions.The SWVmax,SWVmin,SWVmean of malignant lesions were significantly higher than those of benign lesions (all P<0.001).The SWVmean 3.67 m/s as the best value in the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the combination of the SWVmean and BI-RADS classification standard in the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions were 77.6%,97.5%,92.7%,91.3%,respectively.Conclusions The combination of VTIQ and ultrasonic BI-RADS can improve the ability of differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions.

Objective To evaluate the viability of residual tumor after insufficient thermal ablation of rabbit VX2 liver tumor and investigated the efficacy of sorafenib as an adjuvant therapy.Methods Twenty-one rabbits were implanted with VX2 tumor to establish orthotopic liver tumor models.They were allocated randomly into 3 groups:control (n =7),ablation (n =7),and combination treatment (n =7).Microwave coagulation therapy was conducted with 20 W for 1 min and viable tumor tissue remained at the periphery.A laparotomy was performed in the control group.Sorafenib was given at 20 mg/kg/d during the following 10 days in the combination treatment group,and saline was given to the control and ablation group.Tumor volume was recorded before and after treatment,immunohistochemistry detected CD31 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression,and the micro-vessel density (MVD) and proliferation index (PI) were calculated accordingly.Results Ten days after insufficient ablation,tumor volume of the ablation group was larger than that of the control group (P ＜0.05).The MVD and PI of residual tumor were higher compared with those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).With adjuvant therapy of sorafenib after insufficient ablation,tumor volume showed a decrease on the 10th day compared with tumors undergoing insurfficient ablation alone (P ＜ 0.05).The MVD and PI of residual tumor were lower than those of the ablation group (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Insufficient thermal ablation promotes residual tumor progression,but adjuvant therapy of sorafenib serves as an effective way to suppress the overgrowth and neovasculation of the residual tumor.

Objective To analyze the imaging manifestations of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of skeletal muscle and improve the recognition of this rare disease.Methods Five cases of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of skeletal muscle proved pathologically underwent imaging exam,including MRI and CT in 3 cases,only MRI in 1 case,only CT in 1 case,X-ray in 2 cases and bone scintigraphy in 2 cases.Results Diffuse enlargements of involved muscle with presentation of overall configuration were observed in all five cases.All 4 cases manifested as homogeneous soft masses,which is isoattenuating to normal muscle on unenhanced CT images.After intravenous injection of contrast media,the masses enhanced homogeneously and slightly(2 cases)or moderately(1 case)on CT images.The lesions were homogenous and had isointense or slightly low signal intensity compared with that of uninvolved muscle on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images.After intravenous injection of contrast media,all 2 cases enhanced homogeneously and moderately with the enhanced signal intensity of involved muscle greatly higher than that of uninvolved muscle on MR images.Two cases of X-ray plain showed no destruction of bone and 2 cases of bone scintigraphy exams showed increased radiotracer uptake of involved muscle with no infiltration of bone marrow.Conclusion There are several characteristics on the imaging of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of skeletal muscle.MRI is the optimal imaging method for the diagnosis of this disease.