Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant gastrointestinal tumors with a high mortality in China. However, the pathogenesis of gastric cancer is not clear. Recently, with the development of cancer stem cell research, more and more studies have been focused on the gastric cancer stem cell. In this review, we will discuss the conception and the study status of the gastric cancer stem cells in addition to the treatment for the cancer stem cell.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of intravenous anesthesia in painless esophagoscopy for extraction of foreign bodies in the esophagus. METHOD: Forty-two patients underwent painless esophagoscopy, and extracted the foreign bodies in the esophagus. RESULT: Thirty-two cases had their foreign bodies extracted smoothly and no serious complication occurred,the other 10 cases were mucosal injuries of esophagus with no obvious foreign body. CONCLUSION Intravenous sedation with propofol in extraction of foreign bodies in the esophagus can relieve the suffering and adverse reactions, and it is safe, quick, comfortable and effective for extraction of foreign bodies in the esophagus and is worthy to be applied in the clinic.
Anesthesia, Intravenous ; methods ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Esophagoscopy ; methods ; Esophagus ; injuries ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Propofol

ISG15, the first ubiquitin-like molecule identified two decades ago, is encoded by interferon stimulated gene 15 ( ISG 15), where its robust expression can be induced by viral infections or interferon treatments. ISG 15 conjugate to other proteins as the ubiquitin and was found to be involved in innate immune response. However, the functions of ISG15 modification remained unclear. We cloned bovine ISG15(bisg15) into a prokaryotic expression vector pET28a( + ) with a His-tag to generate a soluble form of bISG15 fusion protein, and purified with Ni-NTA Sepharose chromatography. The purified protein was concentrated and used to immune Balb/c mice to raise the antiserum, which could specifically recognize bISG15 expressed in eukaryotic cells by Western blot analysis. The concentrated bISG15 protein and its antiserum were then used to establish an in vitro bISG15 modification system. Our studies have demonstrated that cellular proteins could be conjugated to bISG15 with this system.

The influenza A virus (IAV) belongs to the family Influenza Virus and subfamily Orthomyxoviridae. The IAV can cause acute infections of the lower respiratory in human and animals. Recently, many studies have been performed to reveal the lung CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and Tregs via multiple effector and regulatory mechanisms to against IAV. In this paper, we review the state of progress with regards to various strategies of IAV escape from T cell responses, T cells and innate T cells immunity against influenza virus, which will provide a useful reference tool for future related reseach.
Animals ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; immunology ; physiology ; Lung ; immunology ; virology ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology

Objective To evaluate one-stage arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior crueiate ligament (ACL)and posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)using Achilles tendon-bone allografts. Methods From July 2000 to February 2005.we treated 15 patients(11 males and 4 females)whose ACL and PCL were ruptured at one knee but the eontralateral knee was intact.Their associated meniscus injuries were treated arthroscopically according to established procedures prior to ligament reconstruction.Thirty Achilles tendon-bone allografts were used to reconstruct torn ACL and PCL in 15 knees at one stage.Reconstruction of both ligaments was performed at subacute or chronic phase(>3 to 8 weeks)in 12 casses,and at acute phase in 3 cases(<3 weeks).All knees were graded pre-and postoperatively using the International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC)and Lysholm scoring systems.At follow-up,functions were evaluated for all patients and compared with those of the contralateral healthy knee. Results All patients were followed up for a minimum of 3 years(mean,38 months).Preoperatively,the IKDC ratings showed all the injured knees were severely abnormal.At final postoperative f0Uow-up,9 knees received a normal rating,5 a nearly normal one and 1 an abnormal one.The differences in Lysholm score were statistically significant (t=15.660,P<0.05)between pre-and postoperative analyses.The most noticeable postoperative complication was a short localized fever coupled with arthroedema in 1 case. Conclusions Achilles tendon-bone allograft offers an alternative for simultaneous arthroseopic reconstruction of ACL and PCL.However,problems inherent in allograft tissues entail further investigation to ensure future application.

Objective To construct the competitiveness evaluation index system of listed TCM pharmaceutical companies and provide efficient technology and methods for the evaluation in related field.Methods Index base was founded by the means of the literature research method at first. Then 20 experts were asked to score all these indexes according to the importance of each index. Dimensionality and index base of competitiveness evaluation index system of listed TCM pharmaceutical companies were screened. With two rounds of questionnaires, the evaluation index system was constructed finally.Results The positive coefficients of two rounds of expert consultation were 95% and 100%;the cooperative coefficients were 0.659 and 0.639;the authoritative coefficient was 0.713 2. Evaluation system consisted of 5 first grade indexes and 26 second grade indexes.Conclusion The positive coefficients and the authoritative coefficients are both high enough through Delphi method. Opinions of all the experts in the two round of expert consultation tend to be uniform, which reveals that the evaluation index system of listed TCM pharmaceutical companies is relatively scientific.

Objective To compare the curative effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with microwave ablation (MWA) with that of simple TACE in treating large liver cancers.Methods A computer-based search assisted by manual searching for TACE+MWA vs simple TACE clinical control trials for large liver cancers was conducted.The patient survival,tumor response and complications were enrolled in the scope of analysis.Results A total of 16 papers met the inclusion criteria,which included 1199 patients in total.Meta-analysis indicated that one-,2-and 3-year survival rates of TACE+MWA group were better than those of simple TACE group,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.01).The complete response (CR) rate and partial response (PR) rate of TACE+MWA group were higher than those of simple TACE group,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.01).The stable disease (SD) rate and progressive disease (PD) rate of TACE+MWA group were lower than those of simple TACE group,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.01).Conclusion For the treatment of large liver cancers,TACE +MWA is superior to simple TACE.(J Intervent Radiol,2017,26:225-231)

Objective:To analyze the relationship of lipoprotein associated phospholipase A 2 (Lp-PLA2) and severity of coronary atherosclerosis, and evaluate the effects of rosuvastatin at different doses on the concentration of plasma Lp -PLA2.Methods: Totally 152 cases of patients with suspected coronary heart disease were treated with coronary angiography .According to the results of angiogra-phy, the patients were divided into the coronary heart disease group ( n=117 ) and the normal control group ( without coronary heart disease,n=35).Gensini integral scale was performed and referring to the number of diseased coronary arteries , the degree of coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated .The concentration of serum Lp-PLA2 was detected and the relationship of Lp-PLA2 and the severity of coronary plaque was evaluated .Meanwhile , the patients with coronary heart disease were divided into 2 groups and orally treated with rosuvastatin respectively at the routine dose (10 mg· d-1 ) and the loading dose (20 mg· d-1 ).The changes of the plasma concentra-tion of Lp-PLA2 before the treatment, in the 2nd, 4th,8th and 12th week after the medication were measured and the effect of atorvastatin at different doses on the plasma concentration of Lp-PLA2 was summarized .Results: The plasma Lp-PLA level in the control group was (22.22 ±1.75) μmol· ml-1, while that in the coronary heart disease group was (29.03 ±3.99) μmol· ml-1(P<0.05).The differences in Lp-PLA2 levels between the groups with different Gensini scores of coronary heart disease were statistically significant ( P<0.05).The higher scores were, the higher Lp-PLA2 levels were.The results of multivariate analysis showed that the severity of cor-onary atherosclerosis was significant and positive correlated with Lp-PLA2 level (OR=1.613,P<0.05).In the 2nd, 4th, 8th and 12th week after the medication , Lp-PLA2 levels in the loading dose group were significantly lower than those in the routine dose group ( P<0.05).In the 2nd, 4th, 8th and 12th week after the medication, the degree scores of coronary artery stenosis in the loading dose group were reduced.The decreasing range was significantly greater than that in the routine dose group (P<0.05).The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in the routine dose group (27.12%) was significantly higher than that in the loading dose group (6.90%) ( P<0.05).The incidence of adverse drug reactions in the routine dose group was 11.86%, while that in the loading dose group was 18.97%(P>0.05).Conclusion:Lp-PLA2 is correlated with the severity of coronary plaque .High dose of rosuvastatin can reduce plasma Lp-PLA2 concentration in the patients .

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate gene amplification by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) and the protein expression of Her-2/neu gene in patients with uterine papillary serous carcinoma ( UPSC) and to determine its prognostic value.Methods Thirty-six patients with confirmed pathologic diagnosis of UPSC in Cancer Hospital of Fudan University from Jan.1996 to Jan.2006,were analysed retrospectively.CISH was performed to assess Her-2/neu gene amplification,and protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC).The prognostic factors were analyzed by log-rank test or Cox proportional hazard model.Results Among 36 cases with UPSC,13 patients (36.1% ) showed moderate staining (++) to strong staining (+++) for Her-2/neu protein,while amplification of the Her-2/neu gene by CISH was observed in 4 of the 36 (11.1% ) cases.Her-2/neu protein over-expression was significantly associated with advanced surgical stage and worse prognosis by univariate analysis ( P = 0.030 and P = 0.002,respectively),while the multivariate analysis shown that only Her-2/neu protein over-expression and deep myometrial invasion were associated with a poor prognosis ( P < 0.05 ).In 13patients with Her-2/neu protein over-expression,the mean survival period with chemotherapy was shorter than those without chemotherapy (20 vs.42 months,P = 0.370 ).Conclusion Her-2/neu protein over-expression is significantly associated with advanced surgical stage UPSC and poor survival outcome,and might reduce the chemotherapy sensitivity.

Objective To evaluate prognostic factors and treatment of patients with advanced stage endometrial cancer. Methods One hundred and eighteen patients with advanced stage endometrial cancer were treated in our hospital between January 1996 and December 2006. The treatment and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed. The mean follow-up time was 26 months. Results During the follow-up, 33 cases (28.0%) died and 25 patients(21.2% ) had disease progression. The 3-year overall survival for patients with stage Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ was 78. 3% and 39. 4%, and for endometrioid and nonendometrioid endometrial carcinoma was 69. 3% and 42. 0%, respectively. Four patients with positive cytology only were followed closely after surgery and were free of disease up to the report time. Patients with late stages, deep myometrial invasion, nonendometrioid endometrial cancer, poor differentiation, without lymphadenectomy and without radiochemotherapy after surgery were associated with a worse prognosis by univariate analysis (P < 0. 05 ),while in a multivariate analysis only late stages and deep myometrial invasion were associated with a poor prognosis ( P < 0. 05 ). The patients who received lymphadenectomy and whose residual disease after the surgery was less than 1 cm had better prognoses than those otherwise(P <0. 05). The patients who received postoperative radiochemotherapy had better prognoses than those who did not ( P <0. 05 ). Conclusions Pathological stage and myometrial invasion are independent prognostic factors for late stage endometrial cancer. Satisfactory cytoreduction surgery and lymphadenectomy, followed by postoperative radiochemotherapy, except for stage Ⅲa patients with positive cytology only, are recommended in order to improve prognosis.