Aim To study the receptor mechanism of carvedilol(CAR) on heart failure.Methods Established rat model of heart failure was induced by abdominal aortic coarctation.With modified Langendorff model of rat,isoproterenol(ISO),carvedilol,propranolol(PRL) and the specific ?3 adrenergic receptor(?3AR) blocker SR59230A were given perfusion on heart failure and normal rats' hearts.Then the cardiac function was investigated.At the same time,plasma norepinephrine in normal and heart failure group was measured.Results ① The ?dp/dtmax of heart failure group were significantly reduced compared with those of the normal group,and the norepinephrine level was remarkably higher than that of the normal group.② In heart failure group,perfused PRL on the basis of ISO,the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise(+dp/dtmax) decreased by 40.37%? 2.52%,the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure decrease(-dp/dtmax) reduced by 41.36%?1.10%;perfused CAR on the basis of ISO,+dp/dtmax decreased by 24.73%? 3.60%,-dp/dtmax reduced by 22.05%?1.27%.There were differences between these two groups,and the cardiac function perfused CAR was better than PRL.③ Perfused CAR in heart failure group,+dp/dtmax increased by 41.57%?14.98%,-dp/dtmax increased by 33.39%?6.41%;perfused ?3AR specific blocker SR59230A,+dp/dtmax increase by 45.75% ?2.64%,-dp/dtmax increased by 42.81% ?9.62%.There were no differences between these two groups.Conclusion Another receptor mechanism of CAR in heart failure model was probably blocked by ?3AR.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of Lp-PLA2 on the successful rate of thrombolysis in patients with a-cute myocardial infarction (AMI) .Methods Patients with AMI within 6 hours of onset were enrolled and blood samples before thrombolysis were drawn for laboratory examination .Alteplase was used for thrombolysis and 2 hours later ,successful rate and the predictive value of baseline Lp-PLA2 level on successful rate were evaluated .Results Totally 106 patients with AMI were enrolled and 48 cases were with anterior AMI ,32 cases with inferior AMI ,12 cases with lateral AMI ,and 14 cases with right ventricular and posterior AMI .Serum levels of cardiac biomarkers ,hs-CRP and Lp-PLA2 were all increased .Two hours later ,38 cases (35 .8% ) were with successful thrombolysis and 68 cases(64 .2% )were with failure ,and there were significant differences of baseline levels of hs-CRP and Lp-PLA2(P<0 .05) .hs-CRP was not correlated with successful rate of thrombolysis (r= -0 .17 ,P=0 .084) ,while Lp-PLA2 was negatively correlated with successful rate of thrombolysis(r= -0 .36 ,P=0 .013)as indicated by the Spearman rank correlation analysis .Conclusion Serum level of Lp-PLA2 can be used to predict the successful rate of thrombolysis in patients with AMI .

Objective To explore the surgical techniques of keyhole approach craniotomy in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in old patients. Methods CT-guided keyhole approach craniotomy was performed to treat 50 old patients with hypertensive hematomas from January 2000 to August 2003. Results CT scans within 12 postoperative hours showed over 90% hematomas were removed. The activity of daily living (ADL) classification results 6 months after the surgery were: grade Ⅰin 10 cases (20.0%), grade Ⅱ in 21 cases (42.0%), grade Ⅲ in 9 cases (18%), grade Ⅳ in 3 cases (6.0%), grade Ⅴ in 2 cases (4.0%), and grade Ⅵ in 5 cases (10.0%). Conclusions Senility is by no means a contraindication for surgery in the treatment of hypertensive hematomas and keyhole approach minimally invasive craniotomy can give a satisfactory effect.

BACKGROUND:The bioceramics has the ideal pore size, high porosity and the through-hole rate, can provide the ideal physiological activity space for the bone cel repair, and can obviously improve bone conduction. OBJECTIVE:To explore the bone conduction and bone induction in the repair of bone defects in the stage of bone defect of bionic biphasic ceramic bioactive bone. METHODS:A total of 20 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into bioactive glass and biomimetic biphasic ceramic bioactive bone groups, and were used to construct the animal bone damage model. They were given the repair with bioactive glass and biomimetic biphasic ceramic bioactive bone. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 4 weeks after model establishment, scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that dense periosteal tissue was observed in the biomimetic biphasic ceramic bioactive bone group. At 8 weeks, dense combination was found, and no obvious fissure existed. At 12 weeks, complete bone demarcation blurred, showing a natural transition. Moreover, the binding site was very dense. There were a large number of new bone tissues, bone trabecula was regular and connected to a piece. The bone material has been largely degraded. Bone defects were repaired completely. The bone density was close to normal bone. At 8 weeks, in the bioactive glass group, the binding site presented obvious fissure. At 12 weeks, the fissure had been connected, but the binding was not tight as compared with the bionic biphasic ceramic biologic active bone group. The bone defect got preliminary repair. A smal number of new bone formed trabecular bone, but could not connect or traverse. There was no recanalization of the marrow cavity. A few continuous bone cal us traversed the broken end. These data demonstrate that bionic biphasic ceramic bioactive bone has good bone conduction, bone induction and biocompatibility in the repair of segmental bone defects.

Objective To explore the correlation between wide QRS of transesophageal atrial pacing (TEAP) and implicit ventricular pre-excitation.Methods 77 patients tested by TEAP were divided into two groups according to the ECG results .45 patients in group Ⅰhad normal electrocardiogram .32 patients in group Ⅱhad ven-tricular pre-excitation.In group Ⅰ,TEAP results showed that electric pulse wave (S wave) was followed by intermit-tent or continuous wide QRS complex .At the same time , the results of group Ⅰ were compared with the results of groupⅡ.Results (1)The patients of group Ⅰwere excluded the presence of concealed accessory pathway by intra-cavitary electrocardiographic test,among them 20 patients (group ⅠA) were ventricular pacing,the test results dis-played that S wave was followed by wide QRS complex exhibiting a pattern of right bundle branch block ( RBBB) ,SR interval was 0 s;SR intervals of 25 patients (groupⅠB) were not fixed,SR interval was (0.07 ±0.01)s,S wave had no concern with QRS wave ,the wide QRS complex was premature ventricular contraction ,QRS wave shapes were dif-ferent according to the different sites of pacing origin .(2)In groupⅡ,the test results displayed that S wave was close-ly followed by the atrial depolarization wave P ,and there was a wide QRS complex with pre-excitation wave at the be-ginning after a atrioventricular conduction time shorter than normal ,SR interval was fixed ,SR interval was (0.08 ±0. 03)s,at the same time,different parts of accessory pathway QRS complex had different morphological characteristics . (3) SR interval of ⅠA group compared with groupⅠB and groupⅡ,the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.97,3.02,all P<0.05);SR interval had no statistically significant difference between group ⅠB and groupⅡ(t=2.66,P>0.05).Conclusion When TEAP displaying pacing wide QRS complex ,in order to avoid bringing misdiag-nosis,TEAP results should be analyzed comprehensively rather than blindly believing that the reason was concealed accessory pathway .

Background and purpose: Current colorectal cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) models were established by samples taken during surgery. However, metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients have less surgical opportunities, and it was difcult to obtain enough tumor fragment. The aim of the present study was to es-tablish mCRC PDXs by image-guided biopsy. Methods: A total of 12 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgery were included. All patients had recurrent lesions or metastatic lesions needed to be histologically confirmed, and none of them had contraindication to biopsy. Tumor tissues not required for clinical diagnosis were used to establish mCRC PDXs. Results: Seven PDXs grew sufficiently for transfer into mice. The success rate was 77.8%. Conclusion:The PDXs established by image-guided biopsy had the advantage of convenient operation, good reproducibility, high achievement ratio, short experimental periodicity and reliably retain specific genetic and morphological features of the primary patient tumors.

Objective To investigate the expression of Fascin in early-stage NSCLC, evaluate the relevance between Fascin expression level and prognosis.Methods The immunohistochemistry method was used to assess the expression of Fas-cin in 111 lung cancer FFPE tissues with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ NSCLC.The relationship between Fascin expression and the clinico-pathological characteristics was analyzed.The prognostic significance of Fascin expression was evaluated with Kaplan-Meier sur-vival analysis.Results In the early-stage of NSCLC, the positive rate of Fascin expression was 64.8%, no expression in the paracarcinoma tissue.The positive rate of squamous cell carcinoma was 78.7% and was significantly higher than that in adeno-carcinoma 48.0%(P<0.01).Whether in squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma group, the expression of Fascin was correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis tumor stages and DFS(P<0.05).And the positive expression of Fascin was an independent risk factor of poor prognosis for patient with NSCLC .Conclusion Fascin is expected to be a biomarker for the prognosis of patients with early-stage NSCLC.

Objective:To established a modified implanting model of VX2 liver tumor in rabbit on the base of the classic implanting method, and compared the results within the two methods. Methods:30 rabbits with the mean weight of (2.65?0.29)kg were divided randomly into two groups with 15 rabbits each. The rabbits in Group A received classic implantation for induction of the liver tumor model, and Group B were inducted by injecting a piece of tumor tissue into the left anterior lobes of liver. Implanting time of each group was recorded and compared, and spiral CT scan was performed at 8th day, 15th day, 22nd day, 29th day postoperatively. The manifestation of tumors in CT scan was observed and tumor volume was calculated simultaneously with formula V=1/2ab2 (a=the shortest diameter and b=the longest diameter).Each tumor was confirmed through pathology. Results:The implanting time of Group A and Group B were (9.47?2.85)min and (5.85?1.62)min, respectively, with significant difference between them. Besides, there was statistical difference of the achievement ratio between two groups, as it was 53.3% for Group A and 86.7% for Group B. No significant difference was found for the tumor growth between two groups. Conclusion:Modified implanting method for induction of the rabbit liver tumor model was superior to the classic implanting method.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)1A receptor gene C(-1019)G polymorphism and geriatric depression and Alzheimer′s disease (AD) with depressive symptoms in Han Chinese. Methods The case control study was used in the study among 106 patients with geriatric depression, 72 AD patients with depressive symptoms and 150 healthy old individuals in China. The C(-1019)G polymorphism of 5-HT1A was analyzed with the technique of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results The frequencies of 5-HT1A genotype C/G (39.6%), G/G(24.5%) and allele G (44.3%) in the patients with geriatric depression were significantly higher than those in the controls (respectively 35.3%, 13.3%, 31.0%, P < 0.05). The frequencies of 5-HT1A G allele in the AD patients with depressive symptoms (41.0%) were significantly higher than those in the controls (31.0%,X2=4.2879, P<0.05). No significant difference in distribution of (5-HT)1A C (-1019) G polymorphism between the patients with geriatric depression and the AD patients with depressive symptoms was observed (P > 0.05). Conclusion The 5-HT1A gene C (-1019)G polymorphism may be associated with geriatric depression and AD with depressive symptoms and (-1019)G allele may be a risk factor for them.

Objective To identify the differences inneuropsychological characteristics between amnestic(AMCI)and vascular mild cognitive impairment(VMCI).Methods Totally 297 old community residents with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)were divided into amnestic MCI(AMCI)and vascular MCI(VMCI)subgroup from Guangzhou MCI prevalence survey.The elderly with MCI were interviewed and tested with the Chinese version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA),the Mini-Mental state examination(MMSE),Auditory Verbal Learning Test(AVLT),the Clinical Dementia Rating scale(CDR),Functional Activity Questionnaire(FAQ),the Modified Hachinski Ischemic Scale(M-HIS),Center for Epidemiologic Studies(CES-DC)to evaluate neuropsychological characteristics.Results AMCI versus VMCI group showed that the total scores of MoCA were(9.63±5.17 vs.9.98±6.02),total scores of MMSE were(16.90±4.84 vs.16.90±6.19),AVLT immediate memory was(2.35±1.39 vs.2.91±1.84),AVLT delayed recall was(2.23±2.09 vs.2.47±2.20),AVLT delayed recognition was(7.33±3.98 vs.6.85±4.02)and total scores of CDR(0.5 vs.0.5),with no differences between the 2 groups(all P>0.05).Based on MoCA survey,AMCI versus VMCI group showed statistically significant differences(all P<0.05)in parameters of visual space and execution(0.71±1.02 vs.0.92±1.26),language function(0.34±0.56 vs.0.50±0.80)and abstract thinking(0.25±0.49 vs.0.15±0.43),but based on MMSE survey,no difference was found in the various cognitive domains between the two groups.The AMCI versus VMCI group showed statistically significant differences(all P<0.05)in parameters of CES-DC scale(1.75±4.27 vs.2.76±6.72),FAQ scale(4.42±4.66 vs.8.71±7.03),M-HIS scale(0.40±0.64 vs.7.59±3.53).Conclusions There is no significant difference in general cognitive impairment between AMCI and VMCI,but the visual space and execution,language function are more impaired in AMCI than VMCI,and the abstract thinking,social function are more impaired with more depressive symptoms in VMCI than in AMCI.