Objective To investigate the relationship between air pollution and respiratory diseases in Nanning. Methods To analyze the prominent pollutants in the last 12 years: total suspensible particulate (TSP), drop dust, sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) by using Shanghai Air Quality Index, and study the correlation between the above data and the constituent ratio of chronic odstructive lung disease(COPD) inpatients of Guanxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region People's Hospital as well as the mortality of respiratory diseases in Nanning in the same period. Results The air pollution in Nanning was classified into coal pollution. The dominating pollutants were TSP, drop dust, SO2 and NOx. The epidemiology research showed that the mortality of respiratory diseases in industrial zone were 1.4-2.4 times of that in the city zoon, the city zone was less higher than suburb. During the most severe air pollution period in 1991-1995, the mortality of respiratory diseases was highest, and the inpatients of COPD in the hospital was relevant higher. Conclusion Air pollution is the primary environmental pathogeny and fatal factor for respiratory diseases.

Objective To explore the indoor air pollution and its health effects in newly decorated rooms. Methods Indoor air sampling was conducted in rooms of 13 newly decorated apartments during the period from the 1st day to the 4th day, the 2nd month and the 6th month after the decoration. The levels of formaldehyde, benzene, o-dimthylbenzene, m-dimethylbenzene, para-dimethylbenzene in air samples were analyzed. An epidemiological investigation on the adverse response of eye and respiratory system was carried out among the family members before and after decoration. Results The levels of formaldehyde, benzene and dimethylbenzene in indoor air exceeded ther related standards more than 2.92 times, 7.4-11.3 times, 58.2-87.1 times respectively, and showed a decreasing trend with the prolongation of time after decoration. The positive rates of shedding tears and sneezing, branchitis or cough, asthma, dizziness among family members were 0%, 3.0%, 3.0%, 0% respectirely before decoration and rose to 24.2%, 7.6%, 6.1%, 7.6% respectively after decoration. Conclusion The indoor decoration resulted in the indoor air pollution by formaldehyde and benzene compounds, the contamination degree showed a positive correlation with the degree of complicated decoration and was associated with the quality of decorative materials. Indoor decoration also resulted in the increasing positive rates of adverse response of eye and respiratory system.

目的为了更好地进行哮喘的防治,探索哮喘康复治疗的新模式。方法成立“哮喘之家”,每月举办1期活动,每期设独立的专题,由集中授课、示范实习、讨论交流3部分组成,从哮喘发病、防治及管理等方面进行较系统全面的教育。结果参加6期教育以上的患者自我管理知识技能以及治疗依从性比教育前显著提高(P<0.001),哮喘发病情况、医疗费用比教育前显著降低(P<0.001)。结论“哮喘之家”既是哮喘康复治疗的重要途径,又是一种新的医疗服务模式,值得提倡。

OBJECTIVETo reveal the flowering characteristics of Panax stipuleanatus and provide theoretical basis for distant hybridization between P. stipuleanatus and P. notoginseng.

METHODDuring the blossom of P. stipuleanatus, we observed and investigated blooming phenophase, growth dynamics of inflorescence, pollination and seed setting of its population and the flowering process and its period, the regularity of flowering and pollinating of the floret. Statistic analyses were carried out.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe population florescence of P. stipuleanatus was about 60 d. The average florets quality of umbel was 44-47. The average natural pollination rates were 73.32%-95.39%. The average seed setting rates was 35.65%-51.76%. The highest growth periods of inflorescence are from March 25 to April 4. The diameter, the height and the length of its inflorescence in 10 d increased 44.65%, 42.19% and 106.25%, respectively. The whole stereotype period was the May beginning. The time that the floret from petal opening to withering it generally needed 36-48 h, 60 percent of the floret finished auther pollinating during the same day and 40 percent until the next day. The flowering and pollinating peak periods were 14:00-15:00, the flowering numbers was 28.48% of the total flowering amount and the pollinating numbers were 38.63% of the total pollinating amount. The high temperature (20-30 degrees C) and the low humidity (RH < 60%) were beneficial to flowering and pollinating.

Flowers ; growth & development ; physiology ; Inflorescence ; growth & development ; physiology ; Panax ; growth & development ; physiology ; Pollination ; Seeds ; physiology

OBJECTIVE：To compare chemical composition types and ginsenoside content of Panax notoginseng flowers with different growing years ，and to explore the effect of growing year on the quality of P. notoginseng flowers. METHODS ：Each 10 batches of biennial，triennial and quadrennial P. notoginseng flower were collected and determined by HPLC. The determination was performed on Shim-pack GIST C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 0.05％ phosphoric acid solution （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃，and the detection wavelength was set at 203 nm. The sample size was 20 μL. Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatogram Fingerprint was used to establish the fingerprint of 30 batches of samples ，identify the diagnostic components and analyze the similarity. Cluster analysis was conducted by using SPSS 22.0 software. The contents of ginsenoside Rb 1，Rb2，Rb3 and Rc in 30 batches of P. notoginseng flower with different growing years were determined by above HPLC . The quality control analysis was conducted by using SPSS 22.0 software. RESULTS：Established fingerprint showed good precision ，stability and reproducibility. There were good linear relationship （R2＞ 0.999），quantitative limit ，precision，stability，repeatability and accuracy of the content determination method . Six common components as ginsenoside Rb 1， Rb2， Rb3 and Rc were Δ 基金项目：云南省地方高校联合专项（No.KX182504Y） identified in P. notoginseng flower with different growing ＊助教，硕士。研究方向：中药资源开发 。电话：0876-2684947。 E-mail：wshuangzaiqiang@163.com years by fingerprint ；ginsenoside Rd was identified in triennial # 通信作者 ：研究员，硕士。研究方向 ：中药资源开发 。电话： P. notoginseng flower. The similarities of the fingerprints 0876-8883731。E-mail：gaomingju@163.com among 10 batches of biennial ，triennial and quadrennial P. 中国药房 2020年第31卷第8期 China Pharmacy 2020Vol. 31 No. 8 ·969· notoginseng flower were 0.881，0.952 and 0.945，respectively. The similarity among samples with different growing ye ars was more than 0.817. Thirty batches of P. notoginseng flower could be grouped into 4 categories，the category Ⅱ was quadrennial samples，the category Ⅲ was triennial samples ，while the categories Ⅰ and Ⅳ were mostly biennial samples and a small number of triennial and quadrennial samples. RSDs of 4 ginsenosides contents and their total contents in biennial samples were 8.90％-21.43％ and total saponin contents were 11.65％-17.76％，respectively. RSDs of 4 ginsenosides contents and their total contents in triennial samples were 6.45％-14.23％，and total saponin contents were 15.74％-19.30％. RSDs of 4 ginsenosides contents and their total contents in quadrennial samples were 7.50％-18.86％，and total saponin contents were 15.92％-20.16％. The results of quality control analysis showed that biennial samples mainly distributed in the areas of Ⅱ and Ⅲ ；triennial and quadrennial samples mainly distributed in the areas of Ⅰ and Ⅱ ；the order of ginsenosides content was Ⅰ ＞Ⅱ ＞Ⅲ. CONCLUSIONS：Chemical components of P. notoginseng flower with different growing years are generally close in types but there still a re some differences ，among which the content of ginsenosides in biennial samples is lower ，fluctuates more ，and the overall quality is slightly poor ；the content of ginsenosides in triennial and quadrennial samples is higher ，fluctuates less ，and the overall quality is higher and tends to be stable.

Objective To compare the efficacy of uniportal VATS and single utility port VATS in treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax.Method From January 2013 to December 2015, we retrospectively collected clinical data of 53 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax who were treated with uniportal VATS, as study group; compared with control group: 53 patients received single utility port VATS in the same period. The clinical data was compared between the two groups, including the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, drainage time, postoperative extubation time, postoperative pain score, postoperative hospitalization and recurrence.Results All patients were successfully completed the operation, no death and serious complications occurred. There were no significant differences in intraoperative blood lose, duration of chest drainage, duration of hospital stay and incidence of serious postoperative complications between two groups (P > 0.05). Mean Visual Analogic Scale (VAS) score for 24 h post-operative pain was: (2.60 ± 0.71) for uniportal VATS and (3.38 ± 0.84) for single utility port VATS (P > 0.05), 72 h post-operative pain was: (1.30 ± 0.51) for uniportal VATS and (1.58 ± 0.62) for single utility port VATS (P > 0.05). Follow up 5 ~ 36 months, median follow up was 19 months. No recurrence occurred during follow up.Conclusions The study suggested that both surgical approaches to spontaneous pneumothorax are safe and effective. Significant differences were found for early post-operative pain between the two approaches, the uniportal way is better. It is worthy of clinical promoting.

In this study, in vitro chemosensitivity testing was conducted on primary cultured breast cancer cells from 96 patients with breast cancer, and the results showed that the cells from a few patients with primary breast cancer developed multidrug resistance (MDR) prior to the first chemotherapy exposure. All the cells from the recurrent cancer patients had MDR. The findings suggested that patients having MDR would benefit from high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) regimens. In vitro chemosensitivity screening, which was aimed at improving the therapeutic efficacy and minimizing side effects, helps in choosing individualized treatment for breast cancer.
Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor/*methods ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*drug therapy ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Characteristics of fructification and seed ripening of Panax stipuleanatus were studied in this paper with a view to better understand the species' biological characteristics and promote cultivation. Dynamic of fructification and types of fruits were observed in a period of 80 days. The seeds' biological characteristics were evaluated by observing embryo's vitality and changes in form in a period of 225 d. The findings and conclusions were as follows: A plant produces an average of (38.7 +/- 6.5) seeds; Seeds become fully mature 80 days after setting fruit, and fruits grow more rapidly in 0-40 days with an increase of 1 500.83% in fresh weight. Three types of fruits were found, that is mono-seed type, bi-seeds type and triple-seeds type, and the proportion is 9.53%, 58.66%, 1.81%, respectively. The seeds are (5.16-6. 52) mm in length and (3.12-4.95) mm in width. The weight of 1000 seeds is (0.648 +/- 0.014) g with a moisture content of (55.23 +/- 0.49)%. The after-ripening of embryo in Panax stipuleanatus is morphological form, embryos develop 75 days after the seeds' detaching from mother plant and become mature in 165-180 days with the ending of the process of after-ripening. The vitality of embryo reaches 70% , and the length of embryo is (3.217 +/- 0.406) mm and the width (0.872 +/- 0.165) mm. The seeds will germinate in 195 d.
Fruit ; growth & development ; Germination ; physiology ; Kinetin ; biosynthesis ; metabolism ; physiology ; Panax ; chemistry ; physiology ; Physiological Phenomena ; Seeds ; physiology

ObjectiveTo investigate the status and explore methods to improve the quality of diabetic education for young and middle-aged patients.MethodsOutpatients took part in diabetic education program and young and middle-aged diabetic patients that visited the eastern district of affiliated hospital of Qingdao university medical college from May 1st,2010 to Oct.30th,2010 were investigated with questionnaire for their diabetic education status and demands.ResultsA total of 381 patients were enrolled in this study.59.1％ clinical diabetic education program participants were aged 60 or older and only 40.9％ were aged 20 to 59 years,of whom 66.7％ had been diagnosed with diabetes more than 5 years and only 33.3％ had been diagnosed with diabetes less than 5 years.According to the survey of 101 young and middle-aged diabetic patients,only 16.8％ patients younger than 60 took part in different kinds of diabetic education programs but about 95％ young and middle aged patients wished to participate in diabetic education programs.ConclusionYoung and middle-aged diabetic patients have received much less diabetic education than elderly patients.Diabetic education for young and middle-aged patients needs to be strengthened urgently.

In this study, the Geographic Information System for Global Medicinal Plants (GMPGIS) was used to assess the global production and ecological adaptation of Panax notoginseng. Based on climate factors and soil types of P.notoginseng from 326 sampling sites, which cover both traditional and current major producing regions, as well as on the results of the ecological similarity computing analysis, we obtained the maximum ecological similarity areas for P.notoginseng worldwide. The results indicated that China was the most suitable ecological and cultivated area globally for P.notoginseng, accounting for more than 70% of the total cultivated area in the world. The United States, Brazil, Portugal, and other 22 countries also had a small amount of potential suitable producing area. China has eight potential suitable producing provinces, including Yunnan, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, etc. The prediction is consistent with the new district of P.notoginseng reported in recent years, which verifies the accuracy of the prediction of GMPGIS. We conducted a literature analysis on resource regeneration and quality ecology on P.notoginseng, and summarized the cultivation, wild tending models, and effects of environmental factors on the quality of P. notoginseng. The results provide scientific basis for selection of P.notoginseng, as well as the introduction, cultivation, and production of P. notoginseng worldwide.