It has been indicated that there are a large number of natural active compounds generating the radiosensitizing effect on tumor.According to diverse molecular mechanism,these compounds may enhance the radiotherapeutic efficacy via enhancing the radiosensitivity of tumor.Studying the radiosensitization mechanism and classifying the natural compounds with the potentiality of development into clinical radiosensitizers can provide certain ideas for further research and development of natural radiosensitizers.

Objective To explore the MSCT manifestations of pulmonary focal ground-glass opacity (GGO)nodules with differ-ent pathological types.Methods The thin-layer CT images of 87 patients with GGO nodules were retrospectively reviewed.Of them, 57 cases were confirmed by surgery and pathology,including 8 inflammations,2 benign tumors,1 1 adenomatous hyperplasias (AAH),1 9 carcinomas in situ (AIS),and 1 7 adenocarcinomas.The other 30 cases were followed up without surgery.Results Blur edge was found in 6 of the 8 inflammations (75.0%).However,the organized pneumonias showed large irregular shape with clear edge.Of 30 pre-infiltrating lesions (AAH or AIS),28 (93.3%)were ranged from 0.8 cm to 2.0 cm,26 (86.7%)were round or nearly round,25 (83.8%)showed clear edge,and 25 (83.8%)had blood vessels penetrated signs.Of 17 adenocarcinomas,15 (88.2%) were larger than 2.0 cm,13 (76.5%)showed irregular or lobular shape,8 (47.0%)showed coarse edge,and 10 (58.8%)had pleural indentation signs.Of 36 AISs and adenocarcinomas,9 were solid components (specificity of 95.2%),5 had vacuole signs (specificity of 95.2%),and 13 had penetrated and enlarged blood vessels (specificity of 100%).Conclusion There are characteristic MSCT appearances for different pathological types of GGOs.

Hypertension is a common chronic disease which can lead to cardiac, cerebrovascular and renal damage; it is seriously harmful to human health. Cardiovascular disease caused by hypertension has become the first cause of death of residents in our country, the burden of disease has become more and more serious, how to manage hypertension has become an important public health issue in our country. In this review, the development and current situation of the community health management of hypertension at home and abroad are described and analyzed, the experience and practice worthy of learning are summarized to provide evidence for the prevention and control of hypertension in community.

Objective To observe the effect of tiotropium combined Seretide in the treatment of elderly patients with moderate to severe COPD clinical curative effect and the influence on the quality of life of patients.Methods114 cases of moderate or severe COPD in our hospital from January 2014 to January 2016,were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 57 cases in each group.The control group was treated with Seretide treatment, the observation group were treated by tiotropium combined with Seretide treatment, compared two groups of patients with curative effect and quality of life.ResultsBefore treatment, there were no significant differences in lung function index, MRC score, 6MWT and WHOQOL-100 scores between the two groups;After treatment, FEV1/FVC and FEV1% in the observation group were significantly higher than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);the dyspnea severity score (MRC) and six minute walk test (6MWT) in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05);the quality of life score (WHOQOL-100) in the observation group was significantly higher than in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionTiotropium bromide combined with nimesulide in the treatment of elderly patients with moderate or severe COPD is effective, and can effectively improve the level of pulmonary function, improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of ambroxol hydrochloride on severe pneumonia, and the influence on the inflammatory cytokines of TNF-alpha and hs-CRP etc.MethodsThe clinical data of 70 patients with severe pneumonia patients treated in our hospital from December 2014 to August 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into control group(n=30) and observation group(n=40) according to the treatment methods, the control group was given routine treatment, the observation group was given ambroxol hydrochloride on the basis of conventional treatment.The therapeutic effect of the two groups was observed, the differences of serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, pulmonary function, cough and expectoration symptom scores of the two groups were compared before and after treatment.ResultsThe effective rate of the observation group was 97.50%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group(80.00%);There was no significant difference in serum inflammatory cytokine levels between the two groups before treatment, after treatment,the levels of IL-6, IL-8, hs-CRP and TNF-alpha the observation group were lower than those in the control group;There was no significant difference in the indexes of lung function between the two groups before treatment.After treatment, the levels of FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in the observation group were higher than those in the control group;There was no significant difference in symptom score between the two groups before treatment.After treatment, cough, sputum volume, cough ease and wheezing scores in the observation group were lower than in the control group.ConclusionAmbroxol hydrochloride has a good therapeutic effect on severe pneumonia,which can significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and hs-CRP, and improve the related symptoms, and has good application value.

BACKGROUND: At present, common therapies of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) are uvulo-palato-pharyngoplasty and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (N-CPAP). The effective rate of surgical treatment was 50% and the prostecdtive efficacy is decreased gradually. As to treatment with breathing machine, some of the patients can not adapt to it.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of auricular acupoint pressing therapy on clinical indexes of patients with OSAS and its clinical effect,and analyze the possible mechanism.DESIGN: Randomized control observation.SETTING: Department of Acupuncture and Department of Respiration,Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Forty-five outpatients with OSAS between April 2001 and April 2004, who were diagnosed as OSAS in the room of sleep-monitoring of Department of Respiration, were selected from the Clinic of Respiration, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, including 44 males and one female. All subjects were randomly divided into treatment group (n=30) and control group (n=15).METHODS: ①Patients in the treatment group were treated by auricular acupoint pressing therapy, acupoint-locating: shenmen, sympathesis, subcortex, heart, lung, spleen, kidney, anterior ear lobe. Each acupoint was pressed about 10-20 times with 3-5 times every day and 10 days as onecourse. Patients in the control group were treated with placebo and orally took 100 mg of Vitamin C three times a day. Patients in both groups were detected by 7hour nocturnal polysomnography before treatment and 10 days after the treatment, and the curative effects were evaluated.②Criteria of the curative effects on clinical symptoms: Effective: clinical symptoms such as dizzy,somnolence, oppressed chest and obstructing etc. were significantly ameliorated with nocturnal times decreased from 4-5 times to once or none and awake times decreased from 4-5 to once or none. Valid: clinical symptoms were improved. Invalid: no amelioration was found in clinicalsymptoms.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes of clinical symptoms before and after the treatment and hypopnea index (HI), apnea index (AI), apnea hypopnea index (AHI), minimum blood oxygen saturation as well as the longest apnea time detected by polysomnography were observed.RESULTS: A total of 45 patients with OSAS were involved in the analysis of results, and no one withdrew from the study.①The clinical symptoms in auricular acupoint treatment group were significantly ameliorated than control group. In the treatment group, 17 patients were effective (56.7%), 12 patients were valid and one patient was invalid. The clinical symptoms in the control group were not improved before and after the treatment, and there were significant differences between the treatment group and control group (P ＜ 0.05). ②Comparison in each inspecting indexes by polysomnogram: those in the auricular pressing therapy group were remarkably different from those in the control group after treatment (P ＜ 0.001). There was no significant difference in all indexes of the control group between and after the treatment (P ＞ 0.05).③The differences in AI, HI, AHI, minimum blood oxygen saturation as well as the longest apnea time of the auricular pressing treatment group after the treatment were markedly different from those before treatment [(65.25±7.44), (53.69±10.80) times/hour; (72.40±7.92), (59.22±10.55) times/hour; (9.46±2.6), (6.5±2.9) times/hour; (73.3±4.8)%,(77.67±3.78)%; (90.16±33), (45.33±24.69) s,P ＜ 0.001]. Among them, the maximum decrease of AI was 19.3 times/hour, the maximum decrease of AHI was 17.8 times/hour, the maximum decrease of HI was 12.9 times/hour and the maximum increase of blood oxygen saturation was 7% CONCLUSION: Auricular acupoint pressing therapy, in the treatment of OSAS, can significantly ameliorate the AI, HI; AHI, minimum blood oxygen saturation as well as the longest apnea time with better curative effects.

Objective To explore the significance of detecting miR-145 hypermethylation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Seventy-five NSCLC tissues and adjacent tissues was collected from May 2012 to January 2015. The methylation status of miR-145 promoter was tested by bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) and the expression of miR-145 evaluated by ISH. The correlation between miR-145 methylation and clinical parameters , and the relationship between miR-145 methylation and expression were statistically analyzed. Results The hypermethy-lation ratio of miR-145 in NSCLC tissues was higher than that in the adjacent tissues. Hypermethylation of miR-145 was correlated with NSCLC differentiation stage, but not with gender and age. In NSCLC, miR-145 hypermethyla-tion was negatively related with its expression. Conclusion MiR-145 hypermethylation is closely related with dif-ferentiation stage in NSCLC tissues. MiR-145 hypermethylation may be a potential biomarker for estimating NSCLC differentiation stage.

Objective To investigate the expression and effect of miR-22-3p in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The miR-22-3p expression level in seventy-six NSCLC tissues and para-cancer tissues was detected by qRT-PCR. The relationship between the expression of miR-22-3p and gender,age,tumor size,histolo-gy grade,pathological type and lymph node metastasis was analyzed. The function of miR-22-3p on the prolifera-tion of NSCLC cells was tested by growth curve assay. Target genes of miR-22-3p were predicted by online software Targetscan. Luciferase reporter assay and qRT-PCR was used to certificate the prediction. Results The expression of miR-22-3p was increased in NSCLC tissues than the para-cancer tissues and was correlated to lymph node metas-tasis. Overexpression of miR-22-3p could suppress the proliferation of A549 cells. Astrocyte-Elevated Gene-1(AEG-1) was predicted to be a target of miR-22-3p. MiR-22-3p was revealed to bind to AEG-13′UTR by luciferase report-er assay. Overexpression of miR-22-3p could inhibit the expression of AEG-1 in A549 cells. Suppression of miR-22-3p could increase AEG-1 expression. Conclusion MiR-22-3p could inhibit the proliferation of NSCLC by tar-geting AEG-1.

Objective To investigate the radiosensitization effect and underlying mechanism of Paeonol on human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 in vitro. Methods Cells were assigned to following groups:control,Paeonol alone,irradiation alone,Paeonol combined with irradiation.The effect of Paeonol on cell proliferation was evaluated by the MTT assay. Clonogenic assay was performed to measure the radiosensitization effect of Paeonol under three concentrations around 20％ IC50.Cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL assay and flow cytometry (FCM).The expression of Survivin protein was analyzed by Western blot.Results Cell growth was inhibited by Paeonol in a dose-dependent manner and the IC50 of Paeonol was (25.2 ± 2.1 ) mg/L. Clonogenic assay showed that Paeonol could markedly enhance cell radiosensitivity and the sensitizing enhancement ratio (SER) was 1.29.After the pretreatment of Paeonol with different concentrations,radiation-induced apoptosis increased with the doses at 24,48,and 72 h post-irradiation ( t =4.95,3.03,3.78,4.59,2.88,3.70,5.54,P ＜ 0.05 ). Moreover,the protein expression of Survivin was obviously down-regulated by 22.6％ - 56.7％ ( t =4.15,7.30,13.47,P ＜0.05 ) due to the treatment of Paeonol.When the Paeonol-treated cells were further irradiated with 6 Gy X-rays,the expression of Survivin was reduced to 22.2％ - 69.4％ ( t =4.30,8.36,16.34,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Paeonol had radiosensitization effect on the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 in vitro,where the down-regulated Survivin protein might be involved.

Objective To study the increased radiosensitivity of tumor cells by triterpene acids of loquat leaf (TAL) and mechanism.Methods C6 and MG63 cells were pretreated by TAL,and then were exposed to X-rays at 1,2,3,5,7 Gy.Clonogenic assay was used to evaluate those tumor cells survival fraction (SF) to calculate the sensitization enhancement ratios (SER) of TAL.The cellular micronuclei ratios of tumor cells were analyzed by micronuclei assay.Additionally,the changes of Rad51 and XRCC4 levels were observed by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results D0 values were decreased to 1.31 and 2.85 Gy in C6 and MG63 cells by TAL pretreatment respectively.The SER value of the effect of TAL on C6 and MG63 cells was 1.73 and 2.04,respectively.There was a statistical difference in the cellular micronuclei ratios between tumor cells with TAL above 2 Gy and those without TAL (C6:t =-8.372--2.476,P ＜0.05 ; MG63:t =-4.03--2.557,P ＜ 0.05).TAL attenuated the expression of XRCC4 at transcriptional and translational level,but not for Rad51,a key gene in homologous recombination repair (HRR).Conclusions TAL pretreatment could increase the lethal effect of X-rays on tumor cells in vitro.The mechanism might be involved in the inhibition of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ).