Objective To observe the morphological changes in alcohol-induced pregnanted golden hamster neural tube defects and eye abnormalities, and to study quantitatively the alterations of apoptosis during teratogenesis. Methods The pregnanted golden hamsters were killed 4,8,16,24, 48 and 72 hours after teratogenic dose alcohol exposure respectively, and both embryos and fetuses were obtained. The LM, SEM and stereomicroscope were used to observe the histological alterations during the teratogenesis of the neural tube and the eye. With the TUNEL and TEM methods, the apoptosis were studied qualitatively. Results 1^The closure of the golden hamster neural tube and the formation of the optic cup were significantly retardation in the experimental groups. 2^After 8h of maternal alcohol exposure, the apoptosis of neural epithelial cells increased apparently, especially in the prosencephalon and neural crest.At either 16h or 24h after treatment, the index of apoptosis was also higher than that in the control groups, and the apoptosis chiefly located in the neural crest and optic grooves.After 48h, this index gradually declined to the level of control groups.Conclusion Alcohol can delay the closure of the golden hamster neural tube and the formation of the optic cup. Meanwhile it can cause excessive apoptosis on these structures.These alterations are probably partially involved in the mechanism of alcohol-induced neural tube defects and eye abnormalities.

This paper discusses the problem of the periods of Medical Ethics. The writers suggest that Medical Ethics should be distingwished three periods: Medical Ethics, Biomedical Ethics and Bioethics.

Objective The androgen signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of early follicular growth and follicular atresia, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) is an important factor in regulating the level of local ovarian androgen.This study was to investigate the effects of androgen on the expression of SHBG in ovarian granulosa cells.Methods Human ovarian granule cancer cells were cultured with 0 nmol/L dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 500 nmol/L DHT, or 500 nmol/L DHT + 60 μmol/L Flutamide.The expression of SHBG was detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining.Hyperandrogenism (HA) was induced in 6 SD rats by subcutaneous injection of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and another 6 rats were included in the vehicle control group.At 35 days after modeling, all the rats were sacrificed for measurement of the level of SHBG in the blood from the inferior caval vein by ELISA, the expression of SHBG in the ovarian granulosa cells by immunohistochemistry, and expressions of androgen receptor (AR) and SHBG in the liver by Western blot.Results At 24 hours after modeling, the expression of AR was significantly upregulated in the 300, 400, and 500 nmol/L DHT groups as compared with the 0 nmol/L DHT group (1.06±0.02, 1.61±0.11, and 2.38±0.14 vs 1.06±0.03, P<0.05), and so was that of SHBG, increasing in a concentration-dependent manner, most significantly at 500 nmol/L (P<0.01).Both the expressions of AR and SHBG proteins remarkably elevated in the 500 nmol/L DHT group in comparison with the 0 nmol/L DHT group (P<0.01), but markedly downregulated as compared with the 500 nmol/L DHT + 60 μmol/L Flutamide group (P<0.05).Immunofluorescence staining showed that DHT promoted while the addition of Flutamide inhibited the expressions of AR and SHBG.Immunohistochemical staining of the ovarian tissue revealed a high level of SHBG in the HA rats.Compared with the control group, the HA animals exhibited a significantly decreased expression of serum SHBG (4.80±0.35 vs 2.41±0.14, P<0.01) and that in the liver, but a markedly increased level of the AR protein (P<0.05).Conclusion Activation of the androgen signaling pathway by DHT can promote the expression of SHBG in rat ovarian granulosa cells.

Objective To establish a method for determination of emodin content in Shengfa granule.Methods HPLC was used.Mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.25 %phosphoric acid (80 ∶20) with UV detection at 254 nm,the analytical column was YMC-Pack ODS-A.Results The linear range of emodin was 0.021 ?g～0.155 ?g(r=0.9999)while the average recovery rate was 99.03 %(RSD=1.40 %,n=6).Conclusion The methods is suitable for determination of emodin content in Shengfa granule.

Objective To design a new automatic rinse assemblage for cage of medical laboratory animal in order to improve the work efficiency and safety of laboratory animal center.Methods The practices of laboratory animal were analyzed retrospectively and the animal experiment were investigated.Results The new automatic rinse assemblage for cage of medical laboratory animal was designed and its main function and operation methods were explained.Conclusion The automatic rinse assemblage for cage of medical laboratory animal has advantages of advanced function and convenient operation,and it has good perspective for medical laboratory animal management.

Objective To discuss the effect of early combined therapy of sertraline and psychotherapy on the rehabilitation of the patients with post-stroke depression (PSD)and observe its effect on plasma and platelet serotonin(5-HT). Methods All of 130 patients with PSD were divided into sertraline treatment group (65 cases) and routine treatment group (65 eases). Every patient was given routine treatment according to treatment guideline of cerebrovascular disease after admission. The sertraline treatment group received twelve-week sertraline treatment and psychotherapy, while the routine treatment group only received psychotherapy. Patients were evaluated by HAmilton rating scale for depression (HRSD) and serf-rating depression scale (SDS) before treatment and at the ends of the 4th and 8th week treatment, respectively. Meanwhile, the levels of plasma and playlet 5-HT of every patient were measured by the enzyme immunoassay methods. Results The scores of HRSD and SDS were lower in sertraline treatment group than those in routine tretment group at the ends of the 4th and 8th week. The rate of decrease of HRSD and SDS in sertraline treatment group was higher than that in routine treatment group at the end of the 8th week (Pall<0.01).The levels of platelet 5-HT in sertraline treatment group was lower at the ends of the 4th and 8th week than those before, treatment (P< 0.01).No significant change in plasma 5- HT level could be observed before and after treatment in two groups(P> 0.05). Conclusions Early treatment by sertraline can release the symptom of PSD and promote rehabilitation of PSD patients. The sertraline treatment can reduce the level of platelet 5- HT in PSD patients. However, the effect of plasma 5-HT value is not clear.

Firstly, the essay introduces the definition of bio-burden, the significance of determination of bio-burden and the specific performance requirements. Then, the essay introduces the method selection and validation on the bio-burden determination of surgical drapes, gowns and clean air suits.
Equipment Contamination ; Surgical Attire ; microbiology ; standards ; Surgical Drapes ; microbiology ; standards

The ras oncogene product ras p21, which is structurally homologous to G protein, participates in the regulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation. The histopathology of psoriasis is characterized by hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate, by dot blot and Dig DNA labeling in situ hybridization techniques, the expression of c Ha ras proto oncogene in normal skin and active plaque psoriatic lesions. The results showed: (1) dot blot revealed one fold elevation of c Ha ras gene transcript levels in psoriatic lesions compared with normal controls. (2) In normal epidermis, only a few basal cells expressed ras gene, however, the ras gene was expressed throughout all layers of epidermis of active psoriatic lesions except horny layer and predominantly in prickle cells. Our results suggest that overexpression of c Ha ras oncogene and changes of expression pattern might be central to the pathogenesis of psoriatic epidermal hyperplasia and abnormal pattern of cellular differentiation.

Objective To study the mechanism of anti-keratin autoantibodies (AK auto Ab) inhibiting the keratinocytes proliferation. Methods Keratinocytes from normal human skin and squamous cell carcinoma were cultured, then treated with AK auto Ab in different doses. MTT and immunohistochemical technologies were applied to test the proteins related to proliferation and apoptosis. Results AK could inhibit the proliferation of these two kinds of cells with a dose related effect. AK auto Ab could promote the expression of p53,c-myc, and inhibited the expression of PCNA. Conclusions The results indicate that AK auto Ab plays an important role in the proliferation of keratinocytes both from normal skin and from SCC.

Objective To study the effect of tamoxifen on the proliferation and apoptosis of germ cells and to evaluate its clinical application to idiopathic oligospermia. Methods 41 oligospermia patients were treated with tamoxifen.Testicular tissues obtained by Tur Cut biopsy needle,both before and after the treatment,were observed under electron microscopy,the incidence of apoptosis and PCNA expression in germ cells being detected. Results Testicular pathological changes in different degree were observed on electron microscopy.Compared with the normal controls.PCNA proliferation index (PI) was lower ( P