0.05). The expression of GFP was located around the ventricle and persisted for a long time. Conclusion The fluorescence of GFP is stable and persistent and the GFP has no negative effects on the NSCs-GFP. It is an ideal maker of neural stem cells and could be used for the study of NSCs transplantation.

Objective To summarize the anterior trans-sternal approach endoscopic subtotal thyroidectomy. Methods Clinical data of 10 cases of endoscopic subtotal thyroidectomy were reviewed. Results All endoscopic operations in the 10 cases were successfully completed. The operation time was 140～360 min (mean, 164 min), and the postoperative hospital stay ranged 4～8 days (mean, 5 days). No injuries of nerve or parathyroid glands, or other complications occurred. Conclusions The anterior trans-sternal approach endoscopic thyroidectomy is characterized by its safety, reliability, short incision, and good cosmetic results.

Objective To investigate the laparoscopic techniques in the diagnosis and treatment of acute abdominal emergency. Methods The efficacy of laparoscopic checkups and treatment in 122 consecutive patients with surgical acute abdomen admitted from January 2001 to February 2003 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Diagnosis was clarified under laparoscope in all the patients.Operations were completed under laparoscope in 117 patients,while a conversion to open surgery was required in 5 patients because of the limitation of vision scope or dense adhesion leading to difficult exposure.Two patients expired. Conclusions Laparoscopy is valuable for the differential diagnosis of surgical acute abdomen.Laparoscopic treatment can be completed in the majority of the patients,but is not advisable in certain cases.

Objective To observe DAT1 expression in neural stem cells (NSCs) and the effects of DAT1 on the differentiation of NSCs. Methods Eukaryotic expression vectors pEGFP-C1-DAT1 and pcDNA4/hisA-DAT1 were constructed and transfected into NSCs of rat cerebellum by lipofectamine2000. The transfected NSCs were observed by immunohistochemistry under fluorescent microscope. Results The overexpression of DAT1 could increase the number of Mash-1 staining cells and promote the NSCs to differentiate into neuron progenitors, and the high levels of DAT1 in NSCs facilitated the differentiation of neurons. The localizations of DAT1 protein in Mash-1 staining cells and NF 200 staining cells changed. This shift may result from the two distinct inducing factors, FBS and nature differentiation, or distinct stages in differentiation of NSCs. Conclusion DAT1 functions in differentiation of NSCs as a multiprotein combined with distinct transcription factors by virtue of different inducer or varied stage of differentiation.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic treatment of hepatic hemangioma. Methods The clinical data of 27 patients who received laparoscopic treatment of hepatic hemangioma from November 2003 to October 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. The hepatic inflow to the liver or to a hemiliver was temporarily blocked using a Pringle manoeuvre with a self-invented laparoscopic blocker at the porta hepatis or at the pedicle to the relevant hemiliver. The Electriccautery and ultracision were used for liver transaction. Results Laparoscopic treatment of hepatic hemangioma was successfully performed in 25 patients. Conversion to laparotomy was required in two (8%) patients for uncontrollable bleeding. There were no major postoperative complications and no mortality. The mean tumor diameter was (6.34±2. 17) cm. The operating time was ( 105.21 ±72.76)min. The time of hepatic inflow block was (10. 17±12. 21)min. The blood loss was (115. 5±212.14)ml. The volume of blood transfusion was (0. 87 ± 1.45)U. The volume of postoperative drainage was (112.60±201.03)ml. The time taken to return to normal activity was (2. 0±0. 8) days.The length of postoperative hospital stay was (5.5±2.4) days. The length of total hospital stay was (12. 5 ±5.3) days. The total cost was RMB10041.6±8678. 7. Conclusion In selected patients, laparoscopic treatment of hepatic hemangioma was safe and feasible.

BACKGROUND:Dorsal digital block refers to the commonly used anesthesia for adults in smal or moderate hand injury surgeries, but in recent years, modified transthecal digital block technique is gradualy respected, which is favored with a rapid and good effect and fewer complications.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical anesthetic outcomes of modified transthecal digital block and traditional dorsal digital block technique for the treatment of hand injury of adults in emergency by a prospective randomized controled study.
METHODS:Totaly 60 adult patients with hand injury were enroled and divided into two groups of modified transthecal digital block and traditional dorsal digital block randomly. Blocks were performed by one single surgeon. The operation time, local anesthetic dose, onset time of anesthesia, duration of anesthesia, success rate of anesthesia, visual analogue scale scores and complications were recorded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The anesthesia effects in the two groups were acceptable. There was no significant difference in the onset time of anesthesia, duration of anesthesia, success rate of anesthesia and complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). The operation time of anesthesia, local anesthetic dose, and visual analogue scale scores were significantly different between the two groups (P< 0.05). Modified transthecal digital block is more convenient and has less pain than the traditional root digital block, which is a safe and reliable anesthetic technique.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of 15-F2t-isoprostane in intestinal injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats.MethodsThirty-two pathogen free adult male SD rats weighing 230-255 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =8 each):group sham operation (group S) ; group intestinal I/R; group SQ-29548 (TXA2 receptor antagonist) (group SQ) and group DMSO (the solvent).Intestinal I/R was induced by 60 min occlusion of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) followed by 120 main reperfusion in groups I/R,SQ and DMSO SQ-29548 2 μmol/kg and DMSO were injected subcutaneusly at abdominal wall at 30 min before SMS in groups SQ and DMSO respectively.Arterial blood samples were taken at 120 min of reperfusion for determination of serum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity and 15-F2t-isoprostane,endothelin-1 (ET-1) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) concentrations.Intestinal tissues were removed for microscopic examination and determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and SOD activities,MDA and lactate contents.Intestinal damage was assessed and scored according to Chiu (0 =normal,5 =disruption of tunica propria,bleeding and ulceration).ResultsIntestinal I/R significantly increased Chiu's score,MDA and lactate contents and MPO activity and decreased SOD activity in intestine in group I/R as compared with group S.SQ-29548 pretreatment significantly decreased Chiu's score,lactate content and MPO activity in intestine and increased intestinal SOD activity and decreased serum DAO activity and ET-1 concentration in group SQ as compared with group I/R.Conclusion15-F2t-isoprostane is involved in the development of intestinal injury induced by intestinal I/R by activating TXA2 receptor,increasing ET-1 production and promoting neutrophil infiltration.

Objective To investigate the effects of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) on the brain in rats. Methods Sixty-four healthy male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly allocated to one of 2 groups (n = 32 each): sham operation group (S) and intestinal I/R group (I/R). Intestinal I/R was produced by occlusion of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 90 min followed by reperfusion. Eight animals were sacrificed at each of the following time points: 2, 6, 12 and 24 h of reperfusion (T1-4) in each group. After a median sternotomyblood samples were taken from left ventricle for measurement of plasma TNF-α and IL-6 (by ELISA). Intestine and brain tissue was harvested for microscopic examination and detection of apoptosis ( by TUNEL). The cognitive function was tested using Morris water maze at 24 h. Results No abnormality was found in intestine and brain tissue in group S. Intestinal damage and neurodegeneration were detected in group I/R. Intestinal I/R significantly increased cerebral apoptosis in group I/R compared with group S. Plasma TNF-a and IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher at T1-4 in group I/R than in group S. The escape latency and swimming distance were significantly increased, while the number of crossing the platform was decreased in group I/R compared with group S. There was no significant difference in the swimming speed between the 2 groups. Conclusion Intestinal I/R can induce brain injury and lead to cognitive dysfunction. I/R-induced release of inflammatory mediators and neuronal apoptosis are involved in the underlying mechanism.

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between PAI-1,TIMP-1 gene expression and renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis(TIF) of ureteral obstruction ,and the interfering effects of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) treatment. METHODS: Sixty rats were divided into normal control, sham operation,unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO),and rhHGF treated groups (received 0 5 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 HGF for twenty-one days), and were sacrificed at postoperative day 3, 7, 14, 21. The levels of PAI-1, TIMP-1 mRNA were measured by RT-PCR. MMP2 and MMP9 activities were detected by substrate zymography, and renal fibrosis was assessed by measuring tissue hydroxyproline. RESULTS: Compared to controls, expression levels of PAI-1,TIMP-1 mRNA were significantly increased in UUO rats, and this was accompanied by decreased activities of MMP2 and MMP9 and increase in tissue hydroxyproline content. HGF treatment significantly decreased expressions of PAI-1, TIMP-1 mRNA, increased MMP2 and MMP9 activities,and decreased tissue hydroxyproline content in the obstructive kidney. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the increases in PAI-1, TIMP-1 mRNA expression may be the major cause of sustained decreased matrix degradation during the development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis after unilateral ureteral obstruction. rhHGF efficiently ameliorates renal tubulointerstitial injury by the reduction of PAI-1,TIMP-1 mRNA expression, and increasing MMP2, MMP9 activities. [

Objective To study efficacy and safety of cilazapril in treating patients with essential hypertension.Method 115 patients with hypertension were divided randomly into two groups:59 were treated with cilazapril and 56 were treated with enalopril.All the patients were washed out for one week,then took 2.5 mg cilazapril or 10 mg enalapril once a day in each group respectively for 8 weeks.If blood pressure was not reduced 2 weeks later,hydrochlorothiazide was added. Result The effective rate of cilazapril and enalapril was 89.8% and 91.1% respectively.The SBP and DBP reduced from 153±15 mmHg and 104±9 mmHg to 131±11 mmHg and 91±8 mmHg respectively in cilazapril group,and from 155±12 mmHg and 102±10 mmHg to 139±14 mmHg and 90±9 mmHg respectively in enalapril group.There were no significant differences in two groups. No side effects were observed in two groups. Conclusion Cilazapril is an effective and safe agent in treatment of mild and moderate essential hypertesion.