OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence,pathogenic characteristics and drug resistance of the invasive fungal infection to provide the reference for clinical treatment.METHODS The fungi were cultured and identified conventionally.The susceptibility test was performed by K-B disk diffusion methods.The data were analyzed by WHONET 5.3 software.RESULTS Among 232 strains of fungi,isolating rate of fungi from sputum was the highest,accounting for 74.1%.The following was urine,accounting for 17.2%.The most common organisms were Candida(96.6%)among which white Candida albicans accounted for 58.6%,following by C.tropicalis(13.8%),C.parapsilosis(10.3%),C.glablate(8.6%)and C.krusei(4.3%).Drug resistance to four commonly used antifungal drugs showed drug sensitivity to amphotericin B and itraconazole was higher,while that to fluconazole and flucytosine was lower.CONCLUSIONS Significant difference of drug resistance occurs among invasive fungus species.The cross resistance to azole antifungals is existing and has a raising tendency.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PAE) nosocomial infection and analyze ?-lactamase in multi-resistant strains and the enzymes produced by PAE,and to detect the correlation of the PAE in patients without nosocomial infection and from the hospital environment. METHODS The strains were identified by VITEK32,dynamically the strains of multi-resistant PAE were selected with K-B susceptibility method,then the three-dimensional method,and metal-?-lactamase determined by Etest.The isolated PAE strains from the patients or the environment were analyzed according to the detected time,environmental site as which part of the patient by randomly amplified polymorphism DNA(RAPD). RESULTS Totally 352 strains of PAE were isolated from 4246 specimens,the isolated rate was 8%.Study on the drugfast pathogens and RAPD pathogens indicated that there was no obvious correlation between the PAE from inpatients and from hospital environment. CONCLUSIONS It indicates that PAE exists in the burn ward extensively and hospital environment and exogenous infection are unimportant in nosocomial infection.The most of PAE are derived from the patients themselves.

The purpose of our study is to determine whether the slow Ca2 + channel blocker, nicardipiae, could prevent or reduce the cardiac to-xicity induced by ouabain. The guinea pig heart in vivo and vitro perfusion of the isolated heart were used for the study . The results demonstrated that nicardipine ( i .v .50?g? kg-1') could significantly increase the doses of ouabain induced arrhythmias and death(P

The effect of plasma parathyroid hypertensive factor (PHF)from 153 essential hypertensive subjects on pressor response in normotensive rats was evaluated and plasma levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in these patients were measured. The results showed that PHF from 61 patients could induce a delayed increase in blood pressure in the normotensive rats. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) began to increase at 10 minutes after injection and a peak response was reached at 50 minutes while pre-injection MAP level was recovered at 70 minutes. On the other hand, plasma PHF in remaining 92 patients failed to induce a pressor effect. Plasma PTH in the 153 patients were considerably higher than those of the control, and the plasma PTH from the two groups, either with or without PHF, showed significant difference in comparison with the control, but plasma PTH between these two groups did not show significant difference. The results have suggested that pressor effect was independent of PTH but depends on PHF.

Objective To explore the relationship between interleukin-1?(IL-1?) and group Ⅱ metabotropic glutamate receptors(mGluR2/3). Methods The rats were randomly divided into five groups:1^cotrol;2^group Glu;3^group IL-1?+Glu;4^group IL-1?;5^group IL-1?+D-AP5+Glu.The behavior of animals was observed.Expression of mGluR2/3 mRNA was assayed with RT-PCR. Results The alteration of behavior showed that the latent period of seizure in group with IL-1?+Glu was shortened significantly and the degree of seizure was also more serious as compared with that in group Glu.Expression of mGluR2/3 mRNA showed marked enhancement in group with IL-1?+Glu and group with Glu compared with control.However,expression of mGluR2 mRNA in group IL-1?+Glu was markedly decreased as compared to that in group Glu;the level of mGluR3 mRNA showed no apparent difference between group IL-1?+Glu and group Glu.Conclusion Present study suggests that IL-1? enhances the degree of seizure induced by glutamate,the mechanism may be due to its direct or indirect effects on down-regulation of expression of mGluR2 mRNA.

Objectives:To explore the effect of L-glutamine(Gln) on intestinal injury following total hepatic inflow occlusion.Methods:Male Wistar rats were assigned randomly to three groups(n=40) :Group A,sham-operation;Group B,control group,rats were pretreated with 4 ml 0.9% saline intraperitonally twice per day on 5 consecutive days;Group C,rats were pretreated with Gln dissolved in 4 ml 0.9% saline intraperitoneally twice per day on 5 consecutive days.The rats in group B and C underwent total hepatic inflow occlusion for 35min by the pringle' s manoeuvre.Ten rats from each group were randomly sacrificed before occlusion and at 2,4,24h after reperfusion respectively.The levels of MDA,SOD,GSH in intestine tissue were measured.The levels of serum TNF-? and portal vein endotoxin were detected.Results:Compared with group A,the levels of GSH and SOD decreased after reperfusion(P

Objective:To explore the effect of L-glutamine(Gln) on liver Bcl-2mRNA expres sion and apoptosis after total hepatic inflow occlusion in rats.Methods:Male Wistar rats were assigned randomly to three groups(n=40):Group A sham-operation group,group B control group,rats were pretreated with 4 ml 0.9% saline intraperitonally twice per day on 5 consecutive days,group C,rats were pretreated with Gln dissolved in 4 ml 0.9% saline intraperitoneally twice per day on 5 consecutive days.The rats from group B and C underwent total hepatic inflow occlusion for 35min by the pringle's manoeuvre.Ten rats from each group were randomly chosen and killed before the initiation of occlusion at 2 h,4 h,24 h after reperfusion respectively.The levels of MDA,GSH in liver tissue were measured.The serum concentrations of ALT,AST,LDH were assayed on a standard biochemistry autoanalyser.The expression levels of Bcl-2 mRNA in liver were assessed by RT-PCR.The apoptosis of liver were observed by DUTP method.The percentage of apoptosis was analyzed.Results:Compared with group B,the levels of GSH in group C increased after reperfusion(P

Objective To investigate the change of serum retinol binding protein 4(RBP4)levels in subjects with metabolic syndrome(MS),and their relationship with the components of MS.Methods Eighty subjects were enrolled and divided into different groups:MS,nonMS(NMS)and healthy controls(C).Subjects' anthropometric parameters,blood pressure,glucose and lipid metabolism parameters and insulin resistance index were measured.Serum RBP4 level,adiponectin(APN),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP)and fasting insulin(FINS)were measured.Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)was calculated.A questionnaire was used to obtain participants' medical history and lifestyle information,such as smoking and alcohol ingestion habits.Results Serum RBP4 levels were significantly higher in the MS group compared with the NMS and C group.Males had significantly higher RBP4 levels than females.Serum RBP4 levels were positively correlated with BMI,WC,SBP,DBP,TC,LDL-C,lnhsCRP,lnUAE and smoking,and negatively correlated with ANP.Multiple stepwise regression anlysis showed that sex and BMI were independent related factors influencing serum RBP4 levels.Conclusion Serum RBP4 levels are significantly increased in subjects with MS.In all subjects,RBP4 is positively correlated with adiposity index(BMI,WC),blood pressure,lipid profile(TC,LDL-C),inflammatory indice(lnhsCRP),lnUAE and smoking,and negatively correlated with ANP,which is cardiovascular disease risk factor.RBP4 is independently associated with sex and BMI.

Objective To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2,9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP)-1,2 protein in human endometrial carcinoma tissue and its relation to the invasion and metastasis of endometrial carcinoma. Methods Immunocytochemistry and zymography techniques were used to measure the MMP-2,MMP-9,TIMP-1,TIMP-2 protein levels and activities in endometrial carcinoma tissue of 37 patients and control group composed of 7 normal postmenstrual endometrial samples. Results The MMP-2,MMP-9,TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 proteins mainly expressed in endometrial carcinoma cells, glandular cells and endothelial cells. The strongly positive expression proportions of MMP-2,9 and TIMP-1 proteins in grade Ⅲ carcinoma cells were respectively 73%, 20% and 67%, which were higher than those in gradeⅡ (13%, 0, 27%) and gradeⅠ (0) ones ( P

Objective In order to explore the action of IL-1? involved in epileptogensis,the changes of Gs? expression were studied in hippocampus of epileptic rats induced by sodium glutamate. Methods Immunohistochemical staining and animal behaviours were observed during the experiments.Healthy adult SD rats were divided randomly into five groups:1.Control.2.GluNa group.3.IL-1?+GluNa group.4.rhIL-1ra+IL-1?+GluNa group.5.D-AP-5+IL-1?+GluNa group. Results The changes of behaviours showed that latent period of seizure in IL-1?+GluNa group was reduced remarkly compared with that of other groups;the degrees of seizure were more serious than that of other groups.The results of immuohistochemistry showed that immunoreaction of Gs? was obviously enhanced in hippocampal CA1,CA3 areas and dentate gyrus of IL-1?+GluNa group compared with other groups.Conclusion IL-1? may play an important role in medicating pathologenesis procession of epilepsy induced by glutamate and make effect by stimulating overexpression of Gs protein.