Objective In order to further study the role of gap junction(GJ) in growth control; and explore the possible mechanisms for the inhibition of GJ formation. Method A monoclonal antibody,called ND6, which is specific for MIP(major intrinsic protein)in the plasma membrane of eye lens fiber cells in chicken,was injected into the right eyes of chicken embryos at development stage 20, while the left eyes were not injected and served as controls. The size of the lenses was measured 24 hours after the ND6 treatment; the protein phosphorylation of the lenses, including intact and homogenized lenses was also analyzed 24 hours after the ND6 treatment. Results The size of the lenses from treated eyes was significantly larger than those of the control ones( P

Objective To observe the microstructural changes in lesions of alopecia areata (AA) with dermoscopy and to evaluate their correlation with clinicopathological manifestations. Methods The area of alopecia of 62 patients with AA and 44 patients with other types of hair loss were observed by using a noncontact polarized dermoscope (Dermlite, USA). Clinical data on and laboratory findings from these patients were collected. Pathological examination was carried out with scalp biopsy specimens from the alopecia area of 15 AA patients. Results Characteristic dermoscopic signs of AA included yellow dots, black dots, broken hairs, exclamation mark hairs, short vellus hair and newly-grown short hairs. Among these signs, yellow dots showed the highest prevalence (83.9%). Exclamation mark hairs, black dots and broken hairs were rather specific signs for AA, and the prevalence of the three signs was positively correlated with disease activity and positivity rate of hair-pull test. A positive correlation was also noted between the prevalence of elevated thyroid peroxidase antibody levels and positivity rate of hair-pull test (r = 0.269, P ＜ 0.05 ) as well as prevalence of broken hairs (r = 0.445, P ＜ 0.05), and between the prevalence of yellow dots and that of keratinous plug in follicular orifice. There was a negative correlation between the prevalence of newly-grown short hairs and perifollicular mast cell infiltration and between the prevalence of black dots and the anagen/catagen ratio. Conclusions Yellow dots can serve as a preliminary screening marker for AA. Exclamation mark hairs, black dots and broken hairs are highly sensitive for the confirmation of diagnosis of AA, and often predict progressive AA.Dermoscopic signs are well correlated to the histopathology features of AA, and may be useful for the evaluation of disease severity and guidance on the treatment of AA.

Objective Establishing a fingerprint method to identify the characteristic chemicals in the roots of Gentiana macrophylla and evaluate their quality.Methods RP-HPLC was developed for fingerprint analysis and determination of four ingredients in G macrophylla roots from different sources.LC-ESI-TOF-MS was employed to identify the chromatographic peaks of the fingerprint.Results Five common peaks were identified by comparing their retention time with reference secoiridoid glucosides.Eight major peaks in chromatographic fingerprint were analyzed by on-line LC-ESI-TOF-MS.Four secoiridoid glucosides were identified based on their MS data.Conclusion The method is specific and could be served for the quality identification and comprehensive evaluation of G macrophylla.

Objective: To observe the effects of moxibustion pretreatment on the protein expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphorylation extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and activated protein-1 (AP-1), the key factors of extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling transduction pathway in gastric tissue of rats with stress-induced gastric mucosal damage, and to discuss the mechanisms of moxibustion therapy in promoting the restoration of damaged gastric mucosa.
Methods: Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, and a moxibustion group using the random digits table, 10 in each group. Except the rats in the normal group, rats in the other two groups were used to make stress-induced gastric mucosal damage model using restraint and cold stress. Before modeling, rats in the moxibustion group were alternately treated with moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36) and Zhongwan (CV 12), or Pishu (BL 20) and Weishu (BL 21), once a day, for a total of 8 d. Histological changes of gastric mucosa were observed under the light microscopy, the expression of gastric tissue p-ERK1/2 was detected by immunohistochemistry assay, and the protein levels of EGFR and AP-1 were measured by Western blots.
Results: Compared with rats in the normal group, gastric mucosal damage was more serious, and protein expressions of gastric tissue EGFR, p-ERK1/2 and AP-1 increased in the model group (P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.05). Compared with rats in the model group, gastric mucosal damage was milder, and protein expressions of gastric tissue EGFR, p-ERK1/2 and AP-1 increased in the moxibustion group (allP<0.01).
Conclusion:Moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36), Zhongwan (CV 12), Pishu (BL 20) and Weishu (BL 21) couldincrease EGFR, p-ERK1/2 and AP-1 expression levels in gastric tissue of stress-induced gastric mucosal damage rats, maintain the information transfer function of ERK signaling transduction pathway, and promote restoration of gastric mucosal damage.

The development and compilation of Evidence-based Guidelines of Clinical Practice with Acupuncture and Moxibustion: Adult Bronchial Asthma are introduced from three aspects, named the guideline methodology, the guideline structure and the guideline content. Based on the acupuncture-moxibustion practice and clinical research, the evidence-based medicine method is adopted. During the development and compilation of the guideline, the characteristics and advantages of acupuncture and moxibustion are specially considered in the treatment of this disease; the latest optimum evidences at home and abroad, experts' experience and patients' value are closely integrated with each other. Additionally, the worldwide accepted assessments of evidence quality and the recommendation (GRADE system) are combined with the clinical evidences of the ancient and modern famous acupuncture-moxibustion experts, and the clinical research evidences are with the experts' consensus to the large extent. The purpose of the guideline is to provide the maximal guidance to the clinical physicians.
Asthma ; therapy ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; standards ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; standards ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Reference Books

Objective: To understand epidemiological characteristics of the pathogens and evolution of the genotype associated with infectious diarrhea epidemic caused by norovirus in Hebei Province. Methods: A total of 8 infectious diarrhea outbreaks caused by norovirus were reported from Jan 2015 to Dec 2016, of which epidemic treatment materials and specimens were collected at the same time. Norovirus nucleic acid was detected by using real-time PCR, and the partial ORF2 of the all positive specimens were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Phylogenetic tree was constructed by using Mega5.2 based on partial ORF2 sequences of norovirus to perform phylogenetic analysis. Results: A total of 8 norovirus outbreaks, involving 265 cases who were mainly for residential inhabitents, children and students, were reported during this period, and the overall attack rate ranged from 0.70% to 8.13%. The overall positive detection rate of norovirus was 66.25%. The PCR products were sequenced, and sequencing result were obtained for 28 samples, which included GⅠ.3, GⅡ.2, GⅡ.4, GⅡ.13 and GⅡ.17. Conclusions Multiple genotypes of infectious diarrhea outbreaks caused by norovirus were found in Hebei province.

To investigate the mutation site of pathogenic gene in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and to analyze the relationship between the genotype and clinical phenotype. Methods: Targeted exon capture sequencing was conducted in a HCM proband for 30 coding exons related HCM gene by all exon amplification and high-throughput sequencing. Furthermore, Sanger sequencing was performed in other family member and in 200 healthy volunteers for verification. The familial investigation included in clinical presentation, physical examination, electrocardiogram and echocardiography. Results: There were 3/6 blood relatives carrying cardiac myosin-binding protein gene MyBPC3 G772A heterozygous mutation, the mutation site was at 258 amino acid of MyBPC3 as glutamic acid (Glu) was substitute to lysine (Lys), such mutation was not found in rest of family member and not in healthy volunteers. The onset of proband and her daughter was rather late, they had palpitation and chest tightness; echocardiography showed interventricular septum basal segment thickening (16-18) mm. Proband was complicating paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, malignant arrhythmia and heart failure, the maximum pressure gradient of left ventricular outflow was 56 mmHg, which with the high risk for sudden death. Conclusion: Comprehensive gene test has been helpful for clinical stratification, early diagnosis and treatment. MYBPC3 site mutation c.G772A might be the pathogenic mutation in that specific HCM family.

Objective:To explore the incidence rates, clinical features, risk factors and its impacts on survival of central nervous system complications (CNSC) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods:From June 2011 to October 2018, 237 consecutive patients undergoing allo-HSCT were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The incidence of CNSC was 10.5%(25/237) and the median time 82(-4 - 810) days post-transplantation. The most common instances of CNSC were drug-associated encephalopathy (n=6), CNS infection (n=5), unexplained convulsions (n=4), metabolic encephalopathy (n=3), immune-related encephalopathy (n=3), primary central relapse (n=3) and cerebrovasculopathy (n=1). The most common clinical symptom was epileptic seizure (n=11). CsA-related encephalopathy was manifested mainly as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome on brain MRI. Metabolic encephalopathy is mostly demyelination. Most hippocampal lesions were caused by immune-related encephalopathy or CNS infection. Analysis of risk factors indicated that umbilical cord blood transplantation, HLA incompatible transplantation and delayed platelet implantation were high risk factors for post-transplantation occurrence of CNSC. Survival analysis suggested that non-relapse mortality rate (42.9%, 9/21) in group with CNSC of malignant hemoblastosis was higher than that in group without CNSC (15.3%, 27/176) and inter-group difference was statistically significant ( χ2=9.511, P=0.005). The 1/3-year OS rates in group with CNSC were lower than those in group without CNSC (56.6% vs 77.8%; 37.1% vs 65.7%). And the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.022). Conclusions:With a complex etiology, CNSC is one of serious complications after allo-HSCT and it significantly reduces the overall survival rate of patients. Umbilical cord blood transplantation, HLA incompatible transplantation and delayed platelet implantation are high-risk groups for CNSC.

Objective: To investigate the prognostic effect of tumour-infiltrating immune cell, including CD8⁺ T cell, regulatory T-cell (Treg) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) on pancreatic patients. Methods: This study retrospectively collected the data of 80 patients who were histologically diagnosed of pancreatic cancer and underwent classical R0 surgical resection at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2010 to May 2012. All patients survival were followed up until the cut-off date of January 2015. Clinicopathological features including immunohistochemical staining of FOXP3, CD8 and CD33 were reviewed as indice for evaluating the prognosis of pancreatic patients.The prognostic effect of tumour-infiltrating immune cells were analysed by Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank test. Multiple-factor analysis was conducted with the Cox regression model. The correlation between tumour-infiltrating immune cells and clinicopathological features was analysed by χ² test. The C57BL/6 mouse model was used to evaluate the efficacy of Treg and MDSC depletion therapy in vivo. Student′s t-test was applied to assess the difference of the tumour volume, Ki-67 positive rate and CD8⁺ T-cell infiltration proportion between depletion group and control group. Results: Eventually, 80 patients were included and no patient was lost during the follow-up period. The median follow-up time was 33.2 months (7.4-59.9 months). Patients with high level of tumour-infiltrating CD8⁺ T cells had longer overall survival (OS) time ((21.6±11.9)months vs. (13.6±7.4)months, χ²=4.647, P = 0.031) than those with low level of tumour-infiltrating CD8⁺ T cells. Tumor infiltration FOXP3⁺ cells were strongly associated with reduced OS((20.9±8.5)months vs.(13.4±8.8)months, χ²=10.528, P=0.001), reduced relapse free survival (RFS) ((15.2±9.0)months vs. (9.5±8.8)months, χ²=6.288, P=0.012) and larger tumor size(χ²=4.073, r=0.226, P=0.044). The high intratumoural MDSC group showed a significantly shorter OS((23.5±11.8)months vs. (13.8±7.6)months, χ²=5.724, P=0.017), RFS((17.9±11.3)months vs. (10.2±7.5)months, χ²=7.430, P=0.006) and more advanced N stage (χ²=4.714, r=0.243, P=0.030) than the low intratumoural MDSC group. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that pTNM (P=0.008), tumour-infiltrating Treg density (P=0.009) and intratumoural MDSC density (P=0.034) were independent and negative prognostic factors for OS; pTNM(P=0.003) and tumour-infiltrating MDSC level(P=0.018) were independent and negative factors for RFS. The experiment in vivo revealed that Treg and MDSC depletion therapy significantly decreased tumour volume in the C57BL/6 mouse model of subcutaneous tumours((1 396.3±442.5)mm³ vs. (3 356.9±533.5)mm³, t=4.986, P=0.018). Tumour Ki-67 positive rate significantly decreased (23%±5% vs. 55%±10%, t=3.130, P=0.011) in Treg and MDSC depletion group, whereas, the proportion of tumour-infiltrating CD8⁺ T cells significantly increased in depletion groups (3.25%±0.69% vs. 0.76%±0.25%, t=3.393, P=0.007). Conclusions Tumour-infiltrating Treg, MDSC level and pTNM stage are independent prognostic factors for patients with pancreatic cancer. Treg and MDSC depletion therapy can significantly retard tumour growth and increase the level of tumour-infiltrating CD8⁺ T-cells in the C57BL/6 mouse model of subcutaneous tumours.

Objective:To explore the lag effect and correlation between daily average temperature and the incidence of other infectious diarrhea in Hebei Province.Methods:The data of meteorological factors (including temperature and average daily temperature) and the daily incidence of other infectious diarrhea in Zhangjiakou City, Chengde City, Tangshan City, Qinhuangdao City, Baoding City, Langfang City, Cangzhou City, Shijiazhuang City, Hengshui City, Xingtai City, and Handan City in Hebei Province from 2017 to 2020 were collected. Eleven prefecture-level cities were divided into four regions, including east, north, middle and south regions. Distributed lag non-linear model was applied to examine the non-linear associations and the lag effect of daily mean temperature on daily incidence of other infectious diarrhea. Meanwhile, the cold and hot effects were used to estinuate the lag-response relationship on the incidence of other infectious diarrhea.Results:A total of 231 008 cases of other infectious diarrhea were reported in Hebei Province. The seasonal distribution was obvious, showing a bimodal distribution of large peaks in summer and small peaks in winter. An inverse S-shaped association between average daily temperature and cumulative risk ratio ( RR) of other infectious diarrhea was observed in Hebei Province. Both high temperature (higher than 27.50 ℃) and low temperature (less than 13.67 ℃) could increase the risk of other infectious diarrhea. When the temperature was lower than 13.00 ℃, the lag time and RR had a U-shaped association (lag four to seven days, 23 to 30 days). Meanwhile, when it was higher than 13.00 ℃, it had an inverted U-shaped association (lag 5 to 21 days). A comparison of four regions of Hebei Province showed that the lag time from south to north was extended from six days to 30 days at low temperature effects with temperature P5=-7.24 ℃. When the temperature getting hot ( P95=28.25 ℃), the risk occurred at lag 0 days, and the lag time gradually got short from north to south. Thus, the high temperature effect reached maximum quickly with a relative short duration. Conclusions:The inverse S-shaped non-linear association between daily average temperature and the incidence of other infectious diarrhea in Hebei Province is observed. Both low temperature and high temperature are associated with increased risk of other infectious diarrhea. But the impact of low temperature is more notable, which has a relative long duration.