Chipaozi, the dried mature fruit of Thladiantha dubia Bge. family Cucurbitaceae, hasbeen found to be used in mixture with Wanggua, the fruit of Trichosanthes cucumeroides (Ser. ) Maxim.of the same family.A comparative study on the morphological and characteristics of these two drugs were carried out and reported.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to observe Huwang Mingmu San’s(HWMMS)effect on the experimental vitreous hemorrhage.Methods:We divided 48 rabbits randomly into the A group as the normal control group,the B group as the modal group,the C group as the traditional chinese medicine group(HWMMS)and the D group as the western medicine group(entodan).Six rabbits of the four groups were killed randomly in the 8th week and their vitreous send to TNF-?,IL-6 examination at the same time.We study the activity level of MDA,SOD,NA-K-ATP enzyme on retinal.Results: It was suggested that the TNF-?’s content in HWMMS group had significantly increased than that in the normal group and the model group but no difference was found between the HWMMS group and the entodan group.Meanwhile the results showed that the HWMMS group’s content of IL-6 and MDA was lower and SOD activity,NA-K-ATP enzyme content was higher than those in the model group and the entodan group.Conclusion:We concluded that the HEMMS had a remarkable therapeutic effect on retinal damage and in promoting absorption vitreous hemorrhage.

Objective To analyze the potential factors affecting the prognosis of patients with sepsis and evaluate their values in predicting the disease outcome. Methods A clinical prospective study was conducted. Fifty-three septic patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from October 17th, 2012 to August 8th, 2013 were enrolled, and in the same term 35 volunteers having passedphysical check-up were assigned in the healthy control group. According to the severity of the patients, they were divided into sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock groups. Furthermore, based on the difference in scores of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ), the patients were divided into low-risk (APACHE Ⅱ scores < 10), middle-risk (APACHE Ⅱ scores 10 - 19) and high-risk groups (APACHE Ⅱ scores≥ 20 ). According to whether the coagulation dysfunction occurred or not and whether the dysfunction was adjusted or not at the end of observation, the septic patients were divided into non-coagulation defect group, and adjusted and non-adjusted coagulation defect groups. After entrance of groups, the clinical data, including gender, age, body temperature, blood pressure, prothrombin time (PT), prothrombin time activity (PTA), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), international normalized ratio (INR), levels of D-dimer, fibrinogen (Fib), blood lactate, and serum procalcitonin (PCT) were recorded, and APACHEⅡscore was calculated. In 24 hours after admission, blood samples were collected, and the levels of interleukins (IL-6, IL-8) were tested by Bio-Plex 200 System. The prognostic factors related to sepsis were screened by binary multivariate logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) were used to evaluate the prognostic values of blood lactate, PCT, IL-6, IL-8 and APACHE Ⅱ scores for patients with sepsis. Results Fifty-three patients were enrolled, including 17 patients in sepsis group in which blood coagulation dysfunction occurred in 8 cases, of them 7 being adjusted, and 5 died; 15 patients in severe sepsis group, in which blood coagulation dysfunction occurred in 7 cases, of them 2 being adjusted, and 7 died;21 patients in septic shock group in which blood coagulation dysfunction occurred in 18 cases, of them 4 being adjusted, and 18 died. Both IL-6 and IL-8 levels of sepsis group were significantly higher than those in healthy control group (both P<0.01). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the grade of sepsis severity, APACHEⅡscore, IL-6, IL-8, blood lactate, PCT and coagulation dysfunction were related to the prognosis of septic patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that blood lactate concentration [β=0.891,χ2 = 5.872, P = 0.015, odds ratio (OR) = 2.438, 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) was 1.186 - 5.013] and coagulation function status (non-adjusted coagulation defect group:β=3.563,χ2=9.980, P=0.002, OR=35.286, 95%CI was 3.868-3.563) were independent prognostic factors of septic patients. The ROC curve analysis showed:for the level of blood lactate, the area value under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.767, the best cutoff value was 2.15 mmol/L with the Youden index of 0.386;for PCT, the AUC was 0.698, the best cutoff value was 9.39μg/L with the Youden index of 0.406;for IL-8, AUC was 0.686, the best cutoff value was 20.06 ng/L with the Youden index of 0.312;and for IL-6, AUC was 0.681, the best cutoff value was 45.44 ng/L with the Youden index of 0.406. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that the plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were the independent risk factors of septic patients' coagulation function. The IL-6 concentration of non-coagulation defect group was significantly lower than that in adjusted coagulation defect group (ng/L:29.26 vs. 67.98, P<0.05) and non-adjusted coagulation defect group (ng/L:29.26 vs. 128.00 P<0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-6 level between the adjusted and non-adjusted coagulation defect groups (P>0.05). The IL-8 level of non-coagulation defect group was significantly lower than that of adjusted (ng/L:24.67 vs. 27.23, P<0.05) and non-adjusted coagulation defect groups (ng/L:24.67 vs. 60.14, P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in IL-8 concentration between adjusted and non-adjusted coagulation defect groups (P>0.05). Conclusions The grade of sepsis severity, APACHEⅡscore, whether existence of coagulation dysfunction being present or not and whether its presence being adjusted or not during the septic patients' stay in ICU, the levels of blood lactate, PCT, IL-6 and IL-8 on the first day in ICU are significantly correlated to the prognosis of septic patients. Whether the existence of coagulation dysfunction being present or not, whether coagulation dysfunction being adjusted or not and the blood lactate level are the independent prognostic factors of septic patients, and the plasma concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 are the independent affecting factors of whether coagulation dysfunction occurring or not, therefore they have predicting value concerning the occurrence of coagulation dysfunction in septic patients.

This article deals with the diagnostic values of IFAT and IEST in human filariasis with both frozen sections of Brugia malayi and Setaria cervi adult worms as antigens. The average positive and the false positive rates of IFAT with two antigens were 84.9-97.1%(45/53-102/105)and 2.9-9.7%(1/35-3/31) respectively, while no cross-reaction was observed in subjects infected with ascaris or hookworm. The average positive and the false positive rates of IEST with two antigens were 94.3-94.9% (99/105-56/59) and 0-2.9% (0/35-l/35) respectively. Both IFAT and IEST with two antigens for the diagnosis of human filariasis were considered to be of higher sensitivity and specificity, frozen sections of adult Setaria cervi being more economical and effective.

BACKGROUND:Early detection and accurate staging diagnosis of heart failure are the basis of good clinical therapy efficacy. Due to lack of simple and effective staging model for the diagnosis of heart failure, it is difficult to diagnose heart failure in clinics, leading to poor control of heart failure. OBJECTIVE:To establish the disease staging model based on Adaboost and SVM for heart failure, and improve the accuracy of diagnosis and staging of heart failure. METHODS:A total of 194 cases were roled into this study, including heart failure patients and healthy physical examination persons. According to the stage standards formulated by American Colege of Cardiology and American Heart Association, specific clinical feature parameters closely related to heart failure were colected and selected. Based on clinical diagnosis results and using Adaboost model and SVM model, we trained the models for heart failure diagnosis and staging, thus obtaining diagnosis model. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The parameters included stroke volume, cardiac output, left ventricular ejection fraction, left atrial diameter, left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and heart rate variability. As for the Adaboost model, its sensitivity and specificity was 100% and 94.4%, respectively. At the same time the SVM model had good sensitivity and specificity, 86.5% and 89.4% respectively. Adaboost classification model can be accurate in the diagnosis of heart failure symptoms, the accuracy reached 89.36%. On the basis of the diagnosis of heart failure, the SVM classification model is effective in staging the severity of heart failure, staging accuracy for staging B and C was 86.49% and 81.48%, respectively. The findings indicate that, combining Adaboost and SVM machine learning models could provide an accurate diagnosis and staging model for heart failure.

Background and purpose:Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Approximately 15%of all histological types consist of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Chemotherapy is one of the major treatment methods. Though the current front-line standard chemotherapy regimen for SCLC is active in most SCLC cases, however, the disease recurs shortly after the ifrst successful treatment with multi-drug resistance phenotype. Our previously study showed that zinc ifnger protein X-linked (ZFX) was overexpressed in SCLC cells. This study aimed to investigate the expression of ZFX in SCLC tissues, and to clear their possible associations with clinical parameters and provide basis for therapy of SCLC. Methods:A total of 98 surgical specimens of small cell lung cancer were collected. The expression of ZFX was examined by quantiifcational real-time polymerase chain reaction in 78 specimens taken from patients with complete clinical data. Results:The expression of ZFX was signiifcantly increased in extensive stages than in limited stages. The expression of ZFX was associated with tumor stage, the sensitivity of chemotherapy, and survival times (all P<0.05), no data was found correlated with gender and ages (P>0.05). Conclusion: ZFX expression might be associated with the development of SCLC, and may be a potential prognosis predictor.

Objective·To study the change of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients within one week after attack,and the correlation of cEPCs with the prognosis.Methods·Ninty-two patients with AIS (AIS group) and 20 patients with risk factors (Risk group) were recruited.The proportion of cEPCs (CD34TKDR+ cells) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of AIS patients was measured by flow cytometry (FCM) on the first day of admission and the seventh day after attack.Functional recovery was assessed by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) on the 90th day after onset.The cEPCs percentages of AIS patients with different mRS were compared to analyze their correlation.Results·Compared with Risk group,cEPCs percentage of AIS group on the 1st day of admission was lower (P=0.016).In AIS group,compared with poor prognosis group (mRS＞2),eEPCs percentage of good prognosis group on the 7th day after onset (mRS ≤ 2) elevates (P=0.002).The result of multiple linear regression showed that cEPCs percentage on the 7th day after onset was positively correlated with mRS on the 90th day (t=4.608,P=0.011).Conclusion·The percentage of cEPCs in peripheral blood of AIS patients decreases significantly during the acute phase.The percentage on the 7th day after onset is correlated with prognosis of AIS patients.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Wnt-1 and FZD-1 in small cell lung cancer(SCLC) patients and their relations with chemotherapy resistance,clinical feature and prognosis.Methods Peripheral blood specimens were collected from 41 SCLC patients.The expression of Wnt-1 and FZD-1 in peripheral blood monouclear cells (PBMC) were detected.The relationship among the expression of Wnt-1 and FZD-1,clinicopathologic feature and prognosis was analyzed.Results The relative expression of Wnt-1 and FZD-1 in chemotherapy resistant group was significantly higher than that in chemotherapy sensitive group (all P ＜ 0.05).The expression of Wnt-1was positively correlated with that of FZD-1 (r =0.186,P ＜ 0.05).The FZD-1expression level was not correlated with patients' age,sex and smoking history (all P ＞ 0.05),but closely with clinic-staging (P =0.008).The Wnt-1 expression level was not correlated with patients' clinical features (all P ＞ 0.05).There was statistical difference in median survival time between Wnt-1 and FZD-1 high-expression group and low-expression group.Conclusions Wnt-1 and FZD-1relationships with chemotherapy resistance and prognosis.Wnt-1 and FZD-1 may act as an important role in chemotherapy resistance of SCLC and could be served as indicators for the chemotherapy resistance and outcome assessment of SCLC.

Objective Study the apply of diffusional kurtosis imaging(DKI) value to assess liver cancer and tumoral cell invasion of peritumoral liver zone. Methods This research belonging to prospective study which included 24 patients with liver cancer and confirmed by clinical history and imaging features(liver cancer group), 10 healthy volunteers as control group. The liver cancer group underwent MRI plain and contrast enhanced scan, and DKI examination, while control group underwent MRI plain scan and DKI scan. The signal features of liver parenchyma and liver cancer lesion could be observed from the routine MRI and DKI. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusion (MD), axial diffusivity (Da), radial diffusivity (Dr), fractional anisotropy kurtosis (Fak), mean kurtosis (MK), kurtosis anisotropy (Ka) and radial kurtosis (Kr) value of four groups, the distant liver parenchyma(far away from the tumor>2 cm), peritumoral liver parenchyma(the distance≤2 cm around the tumor) and liver cancer were recorded. The differences of DKI parameters were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The signal of liver cancer in MR plain scan showed mild long T1 and mild long T2 signal, fast in and fast out enhanced feature of the neoplasms could be observed from the enhanced MRI and signal of liver cancer would not lower in DKI with b value up to top. The difference of DKI parameters including FA, MD, Da, Dr and Ka value had statistical significance in these four groups excepted for MK and Kr value. MD, Da and Dr value of normal parenchyma were higher than that of peritumoral parenchyma and liver cancer,while the Ka value was reverse. The differences of MD, Da, Dr and Ka value only had no statistical significance between the distant liver parenchyma and peritumoral liver parenchyma(P>0.05),and the differences of them had statistical significance among the rest group(P<0.05). Conclusion The DKI quantitative parameters can reflect the differences of different tissue, meaning that they can provide molecular imaging information for evaluating liver cancer and peritumoral zone.

IEST, DGS-COPT and CV-COPT using lyophilized ova of schistosoma japonicum were performed on sera from 120 cases of schistosomiasis japonica, 120 cases of schis-tosomiasis japonica 3-8 years after being cured with praziquantel and 120 healthy individuals by single-blind method. The sensitivity and specificity of IEST was 91.7% and 95.8% respectively which were significantly higher than that of both DGS-COPT and CV-COPT. The negative conversion rate of cured patients was 70.8% with IEST, 80.8% with DGS-COPT and 81.7% with CV-COPT. The results showed that IEST has higher diagnostic value for schistosomiasis than both COPT. DGS-COPT has the same diagnostic value as CV-COPT, however, it was easy to perform and time-saving, thus it might be applied in the fields for practical purposes.