Objective:To investigate the distribution of precancerous conditions and lesions of high-risk population in the high-in-cidence area of esophageal cancer in Ci County, Hebei Province. Methods:Esophageal cancer was detected early in 40 to 69 year old patients in Ci Xian through endoscopic screening data and endoscopic screening using iodine staining and indicative biopsy. The pa-tients were classified according to gender, age group, statistical esophageal precancerous condition, and lesion detection rate. Results:The analysis included 11 423 cases by screening queue, and the esophageal biopsy rate was 66.90%. The detection rates of squamous epithelium with mild, moderate, and severe dysplasia were 11.84%, 2.66%, and 1.04%, respectively. DCIS detection rate was 0.40%in patients with squamous cell carcinoma. The detection rate of the patients had been infiltrated by the squamous cell carcinoma was 0.04%.The rate of the squamous cell carcinoma within the mucosa was 0.37%.The rate of the infiltration squamous cell carcinoma was 0.17%. The detection rate of the hyperplasia above average severe dysplasia and cancer was 2.01%. Conclusion: High incidence of esophageal precancerous lesions was found in the Ci County aged 40 to 69. A large number of asymptomatic patients with cancer were detected. Age and sex are closely related to detection rate.

Objective: Epithelial dysplasia of the esophagus and gastric cardia is precancerous lesion, including mild, moderate and severe levels. In 2000 year, WHO recommended to replace dysplasia with intraepithelial neoplasia. Mild and moderate dysplasia were classified as low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LIN). Cardia adenocarcinoma was suggested to be called esophageal-gastric junction adenocarcinoma. The risk of cancer development and the rule of time evolution were detected in esophagus and esophageal-gastdc junction LIN in high incidence area of esophageal cancer in Northern China, in an effort to provide scientific data for the prevention of esophageal cancer. Methods: Between October 2001 and October 2002, two townships of Cixian were chosen to carry out endoscopic iodine staining screening cohort study. The total population aged 0-85 was 22,016, of which 6,596 aged 40-69 (3257 males and 3339 females). Except for thoese with contraindications and those who refused to join the study, 3,506 cases were finally recruited in the study, and the screening rate was 53.2%. According to WHO criteria of the pathological diagnosis, the esophageal squamous epithelium with mild and moderate dysplasia and esophageal-gastric junction with mild dysplasia were classified into LIN groups (including 616 cases). The control group contained a total of 2,478 cases without precancerous lesions and free of cancer in endoscopic screening. Results: From June to September in 2008, the cohort was followed up and 174 cases were lost, with a follow-up rate of 95.0%. Follow-up was 3,970.7 person- years in the LIN group and 16,120.0 person-years in the control group.Carcinomous conversion rates were 251.7 and 68.2/per 100,000 person- years respectively in the LIN group and the control group. The median time in the two groups was 38 and 47 months, respectively. Compared with that of the normal population, the relative risk (RR) of LIN was 3.69 (95% CI=1.57-8.69, P=0.001). Conclusion: Population with LIN are at high-risk for esophageal cancer and endoscopic examination every year is absolutely necessary.

Objective To investigate the significance of MTSS1 and E-cadherin expression in upper urinary tract transitional epithelial carcinoma.Methods Paraffin specimens of 60 patients with upper urinary tract transitional epithelial carcinoma between January 2005 and January 2014 were analyzed.At the same time,5 cm normal tissue adjacent to the cancerous tissue specimens in 30 patients were taken for comparison.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the tissue MTSS1 and E-cadherin expression,and the relationships between their expression with different pathological stage,differentiated degree and lymph node metastasis were analyzed.Results MTSS1 expression rate in normal tissue (100.0％,30/30) was significantly higher than that in cancerous tissue (45.0％,27/60) and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).E-cadherin expression rate in normal tissue (96.7％,29/30) was significantly higher than that in cancerous tissue (41.7％,25/60) and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of MTSS1 and E-cadherin in different pathological stage,degree and with or without lymph node metastasis had significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).In patients with well differentiated,low TNM stage and no lymph metastasis,MTSS1 and E-cadherin expression rate was higher (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant correlation between the expression of MTSS 1 and E-cadherin in cancerous tissue (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion In upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma detection of both MTSS1 and E-cadherin has important significance with regards to judging the malignant degree of the tumor,lymph node metastasis and prognosis in patients.

Objective To explore the relationship between prevalence of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and ecological environment, and to broaden the perspective of KBD etiology. Methods In 37 counties of KBD areas in Gansu Province, information about the ecological environment and implementation situation of control measures (altitude, temperature, rainfall, evapo ration, frost free period, annual sunshine hours, population density, per capita income, the proportion of staple food, returning farmland to forest, to forestry and replant crops) and X-ray detection rate of KBD of 7-12-year-old children in 2012 - 2014 was collected. Using four quantile regression method, the regression model was introduced to analyze the 11 ecological factors which related to the pathogenesis of KBD. The effect of three points on X-ray detection rate of KBD was estimated. Results The X-ray detection rate of KBD was independent of altitude, temperature, evaporation, population density, per capita income and cash crops, and was dependent of rainfall, frost free period, annual sunshine hours, the staple food purchase ratio, and returning farmland to forest and grassland. No matter where in any place numbered, the higher rainfall (measure value:0.003 3 to 0.006 4), the longer frost free period (measure value: 0.029 2 to 0.043 8), the longer annual sunshine hours (measure value:0.001 6 to 0.001 8), and the higher staple food purchase ratio (measure value:0.019 7 to 0.027 6), the higher risk of X-ray detection rate of KBD; the higher returning farmland to forest and to grassland, the lower risk of X-ray detection rate of KBD (measure value: - 0.037 2 to - 0.013 3). Conclusion The X-ray detection rate of KBD is closely related to local ecological environment.

To investigate the risk factors for hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy.
 Methods: Clinical data of 492 patients, who underwent thyroidectomy from April 2015 to December 2016 from Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, were studied retrospectively. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression were performed to find the risk factors for postoperative hypoparathyroidism.
 Results: The incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism was 43.5%, and the incidence of temporary and permanent hypoparathyroidism was 43.1% and 0.4%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that tumor pathology, thyroidectomy types, the extent of lymph node dissection, application of carbon nanoparticles, and merged Hashimoto's thyroiditis were risk factors for postoperative hypoparathyroidism (all P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that: thyroidectomy types (OR=0.149, 95% CI 0.078 to 0.28), the extent lymph node dissection (OR=0.779, 95% CI 0.617 to 0.983) and application of carbon nanoparticles (OR=1.729, 
95% CI 1.067 to 2.801) were independent risk factors for postoperative hypoparathyroidism (all P<0.05).
 Conclusion: Hypoparathyroidism is a common complication after thyroidectomy. The incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism is significantly increased in patients underwent total thyroidectomy and cervical lymph node dissection. Application of carbon nanoparticles intraoperatively can reduce the incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism.
Humans ; Hypoparathyroidism ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Thyroidectomy