Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that have transcript lengths exceeding 200 bp and do not have the capacity for protein coding because of having no open reading frame. In the human genome, lncRNAs play important regulato-ry roles in the process of epigenetic, transcription and post-transcription, so they have become the focus of research followed by mi-croRNAs. The abnormal expression of lncRNAs in cancer usually represents different functions, such as the function of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, which promote or inhibit tumor growth. Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor with a five-year survival rate of 17%. Previous literature shows that MALAT1, H19, lincRNA p21, UCA1, and BC200 are closely related to the development of lung cancer. They could promote cancer growth, invasion and metastasis, apoptosis and induce drug resistance, and so on. This review aims to provide assistance in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of lung cancer by clarifying the functions and mechanisms of ln-cRNAs.

Objective To investigate the calbindin D\|28K (CB) neurons that receive the visceral nociceptive information in the interstitial nucleus of the spinal trigeminal tract (INV) directly project to the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). Methods Triple\|labeled methods of fluorogold (FG) retrograde tracing combined with Fos and CB proteins immunofluorescence histochemistry after formalin stimulating upper alimentary tract. Results Most of FG\|retrograde labeled neurons distributed in the paratrigeminal nucleus (PaV) and the dorsal paramarginal nucleus (PaMd) of INV ipsilateral to the FG injection. About 71\^2% of FG\|retrograde labeled neurons contained CB and 31\^5% of FG/CB double\|labeled neurons exhibited positive Fos\|immunoreaction in INV.Conclusion The results suggested that a part of neurons containing CB in INV receive the visceral nociceptive information and directly project to NTS. CB neurons might play an important role in transmitting visceral nociceptive information from INV to NTS. [

Objective To immunoscreen one protein antigen gene from a cDNA library of Cysticercus cellulosae . Methods A cDNA library of C. cellulosae was constructed after cDNA was synthesized, and immunoscreened using rabbit anti C. cellulosae polyclone antibody. The gene structure and its possible function were analyzed by comparing with the sequences available in the GenBank, after the insert of positive clone was subcloned to pBluescript SK plasmid and the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA was determined by dideoxynucleotide chain termination method using a Taq DyeDeoxy Terminator Cycle Sequencing Kit. The amino acid sequence was deduced from nucleotide sequence using GENETYX software. Homological search of the nucleotide sequences was done using BLAST in GenBank. Results and Conclusion A cDNA clone of 1 320 bp was isolated. The clone contained one open reading frame composed of 1 260 bp encoding 420 amino acids, in which two potential glycosylation sites were found. The partial nucleotide sequence of the gene fragment showed high homology with the essential spectrin gene of Caenorhabditis elegans and the erythrocyte surface antigen gene of Plasmodium falciparum , when the gene fragment was homologically analyzed in GenBank.

[Objective]To discuss the causes and preventive measures about complications of iliac crest bone graft harvesting.[Method]From Jan.1990 to Jan.2005,828 patients with iliac crest bone graft harvesting were reviewed retrospectively,their complications were taken statistical analysis.[Result]Fifteen patients were found with superficial infections;10 deep infections;20 patients with superficial seromas and 10 patients with minor hematomas;4 deep hematomas;30 nerve injuries;3 vascular injuries,all 3 cases occurred secondary to harvesting of posterior iliac crest bone grafts;1 donor defect hernias,and 2 iliac wing fractures.[Conclusion]The causes of complications are incorrectly harvesting and rude operation.The preventive measures are that operators should know the anatomic characteristic of ilium and microinvasion.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of preparing HCV-1 diagnostic microarray probes using the technique of cDNA fragments library construction. Methods The full-length cDNAs of HCV of subtypes 1a and 1b were digested with restriction endonuclease Sau3A I, and the resulted fragments were cloned into the pMD18-T vector. Positive clones were isolated and identified by sequencing. Results A total of 57 different fragments were obtained, and sequence analysis showed that all the fragments ranging from 200 to 1000bp were specific gene fragments of HCV genotype 1, which can be efficiently used as probes in microarray prepapration. Conclusion The method of preparing microarray probes by construction of cDNA fragments library was effective, quick and simple.

The article analyzed the values and the characteristics of the journals published in the Republic of China.Based on practical works,we discussed the several issues and the resolving methods in literature description during the process of making a database.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and the findings of coronary angiography,the treatment and prognosis of patients with myocardial bridge.To increase our knowledge on myocardial bridge.Methods Fifty two patients were diagnosed as myocardial bridge by coronary angiography in our hospital from January 2001 to December 2004. Angiographically,systolic compression of the arterial lumen that disappears during diastole was considered diagnostic of a myocardial bridge.Analyse the clinical features and therapy condition.Follow patients by telephone or clinical visits.Results Our study included fifty two patients.Male patients were more than female ones and the average age was 53?12 years old.Myocardial bridge was the most common in the middle segment of the left anterior descending artery.Majority of the patients took medication,and 2 of them were treated with intracoronary stent implantation.Forty patients were followed.During a mean 1.9?1.1 years follow-up period,there was no cardiac death.25 of the patients required medication,and 1 of 2 patients who underwent stent implantation had in-stent restenosis at 3.3 years.Conclusion Patients with myocardial bridge may present with atypical chest pain.Major patients with myocardial bridge are treated with medication,and stent implants may improve patients' symptoms.The prognosis of the patients with myocardial bridge is usually good.

Objective To prepare the microarrays for joint detection of HBV and HDV. Methods The specific primers of PCR were designed with Primer Premier 5.0 program according to the conserved regions of HBV and HDV. The PCR fragments were purified and cloned into the pMD18-T vectors. The recombinant plasmids were extracted from positive clones and the target gene fragments were sequenced. The DNA microarray was obtained by spotting PCR products onto the surface of glass slides by robotics. Restriction display PCR (RD-PCR) was used to label the samples. Results After the sequences were aligned, we found that the products of PCR amplification were the specific gene fragments of HBV and HDV. The hybridized signals on gene chips indicated that the specificity and sensitivity of DNA microarray for joint detecting the HBV and HDV were satisfactory. Conclusion Using PCR amplification products to construct gene chips is a quick, simple and effective method for clinical diagnosis of HBV and HDV. Further application of restriction display PCR technique in labeling the sample may expedite and raise the sensitivity in multi-virus detection by microarray technology.

Objective To examine the cardiac primary afferents passing through the superior cervical ganglion which the sensory neurons are located in the vagal ganglion. Methods Retrograde tracing transport combined with immunohistochemistry. Results After injecting the horseradish peroxidase(HRP) into the superior cervical ganglion in the rat, the small number of retrogradely labeled neurons consistently appeared in the upper local portion of the nodose ganglion. The same injecting of fluorogold(FG) followed by immunohistochemical staining with SP, it was found that the double\|labeled neurons with FG/SP were approximately 20% occupied the total population of the SP positive neurons in the nodose ganglion. Conclusions The present results, associated with previous reports, suggest that the pathway of the vagal afferent conveying cardiac pain information which contains SP pass through the superior cervical ganglion.\;[

Objective To express human chemokine-like factor 1 (CKLF1) in Drosophila S2 cells and study its function. Methods The pMT/V5-His-CKLF1 expression plasmid was constructed and transfected into Drosophila S2 cells. The positive clones were selected through PCR and RT-PCR. The culture medium was analyzed by Western blot with anti-CKLF1 polyclonal antibody. Chemotaxis and MTT assays on human peripheral blood and C2C12 cells, respectively, were then carried out with the medium. Results CKLF1 was transcribed efficiently in S2 cells. The expressed CKLF1 protein could be detected in the culture supernatant by Western blot, which showed weak chemotactic activity on both human peripheral blood neutrophils and lymphocytes as well as enhancing effect on the proliferation of C2C12 cells. Conclusion CKLF1 was expressed successfully in Drosophila S2 cells and secreted into the culture medium. The recombinant CKLF1 expressed in Drosophila cells can chemoattract leucocytes and promote the proliferation of C2C12 cells.