With the policy of reform and opening,economy in China has attained great achievements.However,the problem of unsafe health in population development is rather prominent in the field of public health due to the over emphasis on economical growth and simultaneously the ignorance of public health construction,and also due to government's neglect of its duty coexisting with market's dysfunction.The related departments,therefore,should re-recognize the significance of people-oriented policy making and put more investment in civil health project,fulfill its obligations of supervising and directing public health,and build up a civil health project for the whole population of more than 1 billion people to live a healthier and better life.

Objective To investigate the relationship between scattered or single lesion of acute cerebral infarction in middle cerebral artery territory on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and stenosis of middle cerebral artery (MCA) or internal carotid artery (ICA). Methods With exclusion of cardioembolism, 73 consecutive patients with acute cerebral infarction of the unilateral MCA territory on DWI were analyzed. All patients got magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and angiography (MRA) within 24 hours after onset, and 7 patients also had digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The patients were classified into single lesion group or scattered lesions group according to the DWI findings. The incidence of stenosis or occlusion of ipsolateral MCA, intracranial and extracranial ICA were compared between the two groups. Results 42 patients had scattered lesions and 31 patients had single lesion. The scattered-lesions group had a high incidence of ipsilateral extracranial ICA or MCA occlusion or severe stenosis ( 25.6%versus 0, x2 = 10.6, P = 0.001 ) and a high incidence of ipsilateral intracranial ICA or MCA moderate or mild stenosis (31.0% versus 9.7% ,x2 =4.717, P =0.03 ). A positive correlation was found between the scattered lesions and severe or multifocal stenosis of ipsilateral ICA and MCA ( OR: 13.7, 95% CI: 3.6 to 52.5). There was a low incidence of absence of extra- and intracranial stenosis on MRA or DSA in the scattered-lesions group ( 11.9% versus 32.3%, x2= 4.526, P = 0.033 ). A negative correlation was found between the scattered lesions and absence of large-artery stenosis ( OR: 0.284, 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.94).Conclusions ( 1 ) Patients with acute cerebral infarction and scattered lesions on DWI were more likely to suffer from stenosis or occlusion of ICA or MCA, especially over the extracranial ICA. (2) Patients with single lesion were less likely to have severe or multiple stenosis of MCA and ICA, indicating the relevance of small-vessel pathogenesis.

Objective To evaluate the prognosis of acute stroke by APACHEⅢ scoring system on and analyze some correlating factors.Methods 136 patients with acute stroke received APACHEⅢ scoring every day in the first week of their admission of hospital.All patients were divided into different groups respectively: death group and alive group according to the outcome of disease,midline group and non-midline group according to the location of illness,large-focus group and small-focus group in terms of volume of cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral infarction.Results APACHEⅢ scores of death group,midline group and large-focus group show significant differences from those of the other groups(alive group,non-midline group and small-focus group).The former is much higher than that of the latter.The highest accuracy can be observed when predicted mortality is 0.4.Conclusion The APACHEⅢ scoring system is a valuable reference for evaluating the severity and prognosis of acute stroke.

Objective To study the prevalence and the related risk factors of diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN) after good blood glucose well controlled among in middle-aged and old-aged population with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a community of Beijing.Methods DPN was screened by Michigan neuropathy screening instrument (MNSI),and common blood biochemical parameters were tested,among over 45 years of age registered population patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Shuangjing community of Chaoyang District of Beijing.Results The blood glucose control rate was 90.36％ (253/280),and the prevalence of DPN was 25.36％ (71/280) with male of 24.47 ％ (23/94) and female of 25.81％ (48/186).Univariate analysis showed that both age and HbA1c in DPN group were higher than that of non-DPN group,and the differences were statistically significant(P =0.000,0.008).The level of plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) of the DPN group was lower than that of the non-DPN group,and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.017).The hypertension prevalence rate of the DPN group was 87.32％(62/71),higher than that of the nonDPN group(75.6％ (158/209)),and the difference was statistically significant (P =0.037).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the estimate of parameter for age was 0.143 (P =0.0001),OR was 1.153,95％CI was from 1.029 to 1.219,for HbA1c was 0.529(P=0.03),OR was 1.698,95％CI was from 1.053 to 2.738,and for LDL-C was-O.919 (P =0.018),OR was 0.399,95％ CI was from 0.186 to 0.854.Conclusion The prevalence of DPN is still above 25％ among middle-aged and old-aged in a community,even though the well controlled rate of blood glucose control rate is above 90％.It is possible that old age and HbA1c are related to DPN,apart from blood glucose.

Objective To study the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) DNA positive detection in bile of gallbladder and intragastric Hp's colony and its plausible mechanism.Methods Sixty patients of gallbladder innocence diseases were recruited in the case group and 30 health populations were recruited in the control group.13CPDB was used to detect the infection of Hp.The cytotoxin associated gene antigen (cagA) in gall and gall-stone were detected through PCR.The empty function was tested through B ultrasound.Results The infection rate of Hp in all cases is 50.0% (30/60) and 7 of 30 bile (23.3%) ,1 of 30 gallstones (3.3%) were positive for Hp cag-A by PCR analysis in positive Hp infection group,with none of the 30 bile were positive in negative group( x2 = 5.822 ,P ＜ 0.05 ).The contraction rate of gallbladder of Hp positive group ( 56.8 ± 17.1 ) %was lower than negetive group' s ( 69.4 ± 13.1 ) % and the control group' s (63.3 ± 17.1 ) % ( F = 5.633,P ＜0.05).Conclusions Hp DNA is present in bile of gallbladder,and is related with Hp infection in stomach.Impairment of the gallbladder empty function may be related with Hp infection.

Objective: Nowadays, the power calibration methods of the microwave hyperthermia apparatus doesn't take the power loss of the radiator into account Aiming at this problem, the authors designed an equipment of measuring the actual output power of the microwave hyperthermia apparatus. A new method is proposed for calibration the output microwave power of microwave hyperthermia apparatus. Methods: The magnetron anode current was maintained at a default value by a control system. The microwave power generated by microwave source is coupled firstly to a low-power meter by the coaxial cable to measuring the power going through coaxial cable (P_(coaxial cable)). Then the microwave radiator is connected to the coaxial cable to make the microwave radiated by radiator. The radiator is assembled in the experimental device for the microwave completely absorbed by the water. The absorbed microwave energy of the water is calculated by measuring the water temperature change. The energy loss of the experimental device is calculated using the cooling rate. The output power of the radiator is equal to the ratio of the sum of the two aforementioned energy and the time. And the efficiency of the radiator η_(radiator), is equal to P_(radiator)/P_(coaxial cable) Results: The relationship between the actual output power of the microwave hyperthermia apparatus and the mag- netron anode current is P_(radiator) = 2η_(radiator) I. The efficiency of the radiator is η_(radiator)= (34±1)%. Conclusion: From the experimental results, the current method for calibration output power of microwave hyperthermia apparatus is defective, it dose not consider the conversion efficiency of radiator. Using the calibration method introduced in this paper, wecan accurately deter- mine the actual output power of microwave hyperthermia Apparatus.

Objective To establish and optimize the technology and method of producing large quantity and high-paclitaxe yield callus of 〖WTBX〗Taxus chinensis var. mairei. Methods Wild maternal tree grown in Lingchuan County of Shanxi Province and cultivated tree grown in Xi′an were used as explant source. And the optimum maternal tree for explant cutting, optimum explant type, basic medium, composition and concentration of growth regulators in medium and so on, which were factors of affecting on callus induction, growth and paclitaxe yield, were examined in a series order. Results The juvenile stem segments were the optimum explants because of their earlier and higher rate callus induction than that of other explants. Medium Y5: MS+2,4-D 4.0 mg/L+KIN 1.0 mg/L or medium B5 Ⅲ: B5+2,4-D 3.0 mg/L+KIN 0.1 mg/L+Phe 0.1 mol/L was confirmed optimum callus induction medium in which callus induction rate had reached to 100%. In callus subculture medium, lower concentration of 2,4-D (0.5—3 mg/L) always increased callus growth, but higher concentration of 2,4-D (8 mg/L) reduced callus growth. When 2,4-D concentration was suitable, callus grown on B5 medium displayed lighter browning and faster tissue growth than that on MS medium. Further more, HPLC analysis confirmed that the paclitaxel yield in callus grown on medium MSⅢ was highest and had reached 0.004% of callus dry weight. In a general condition, the level of paclitaxel in calli derived from juvenile stems of wild maternal tree was higher than that in calli initiated from cultivated maternal tree's juvenile stems. Conclusion The optimization sequence of obtaining a large quantity and high-paclitaxe yield callus of T. chinensis var. mairei are dividing juvenile stem segments from wild maternal tree in May and culturing on medium Y5 or B5 Ⅲ for callus induction. After the calli having been subcultured on the same medium for 8—10 generations, one or two generations are recultured on medium MSⅢ. Finally, the calli with more paclitaxel are obtained by extracting paclitaxel out of it.

BACKGROUND: Neuroglioma is easy to recur, the focus of infection in which is rich in new vessels. Different expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may be related with the pathologic changes and recurrence of tumor.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of VEGF expression in recurrent brain glioma.DESIGN: Control test.SETTLNG: Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University.PARTICIPANTS: Forty-four (22 pairs) samples of neurogliocytoma before and after the recurrence with complete clinical data were collected from143 paraffin embedded samples, which were obtained from the operation between June 1996 and June 2001 in West China Hospital and pathologically proved to be brain gliomas. Samples were collected separately from the first operation and first recurrence, in which 8 cases belonged to grade Ⅰ of Kernohan scale, 10 were grade Ⅱ , 14 were grade Ⅲ and 12 were grade Ⅳ. The enrolled samples were divided into two groups: primary group and recurrent group with 22 cases in each group.METHODS: The immunohistochemiscal method was adopted. First antibody was goat-anti-human VEGF (mono-antibody), and second antibody was rabbit-anti-goat with the working concentration of 1:50. The phosphate buffered solution (PBS) was taken as negative control for staining instead of first antibody. The protein expression of VEGF in brain gliomas of 44 cases before and after the recurrence were detected and the cross-check analysis was conducted by combing with pathologic grades. ① The buff grains in intracytoplasm were positive signals. ②MPLAS-500 media mix chromatic pathologic imaging and literal analytical system were used to detect the PU (positive unit) value and number of tumor cells.③95% were the critical value of PU value, and the positive cell rates were calculated respectively. ④Routine hematoxylin-eosin stain was used for pathologic grades (Kernohan). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① PU value and the intensity of VEGF expression in brain glioma samples before and after the recurrence. ②The pathologic grades of brain gliomas before and after the recurrence. RESULTS: ①The expression of VEGF in primary and recurrent groups of brain glioma: the primary group was 21.927 3±6.607 and the recurrent group was 33.054 5±6.684. ② Pathologic grades: In 8 cases of primary grade Ⅰ gliomas, there were 2 cases of grade Ⅱ in recurrence, 5 cases of grade Ⅲ in recurrence, 1 case of grade Ⅳ in recurrence. In 6 cases of primary grade Ⅱ gliomas, there were 2 cases of grade Ⅱ in recurrence, 1case of grade Ⅲ in recurrence, 3 cases of grade Ⅳ in recurrence. In 6eases of primary grade Ⅲ .gliomas, 2 cases of grade Ⅲ in recurrence, 4cases of grade Ⅳ in recurrence. In 2 cases of primary grade Ⅳ gliomas,there were 2 cases of grade Ⅳ in recurrence. ③ Differences in PU value of VEGF protein expressions and pathologic grades of brain glioma samples before and after recurrence in self-compared detection were remarkable (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: The expression of VEGF in recurrent glioma is higher than primary glioma, and there is a worsening tendency in recurrent tumor and the high-expression of VEGF in glioma plays an important role in the recurrence.

Objective: To investigate the screening results of adolescent scoliosis in Chuzhou City, Anhui Province, and analyze the influencing factors for scoliosis, so as to provide insights into the prevention and control of scoliosis among adolescents. Methods: Students were selected from six primary and middle schools in Chuzhou City using the stratified random cluster sampling method from April to June 2023. Demographic information, daily behaviors and postures, and exercise status were collected through questionnaire surveys. Scoliosis was screened and diagnosed according to the Screening for Abnormal Spinal Curvature in Children and Adolescents. Influencing factors for scoliosis among primary and middle school students were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 1 823 questionnaires were allocated, and 1 768 effective questionnaires were recovered, with an effective response rate of 96.98%. There were 537 primary school students, 1 000 junior high school students and 231 senior high school students, with an average age of (13.40±1.92) years. There were 948 male students (53.62%) and 820 female students (46.38%). A total of 131 cases of scoliosis were screened positive, with a positive rate of 7.41%. The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender (female, OR=1.759, 95%CI: 1.135-2.727), body mass index (OR=0.593, 95%CI: 0.538-0.654), sleeping position (side lying, OR=0.598, 95%CI: 0.377-0.951; prone lying, OR=2.336, 95%CI: 1.201-4.545), frequency of reading in bed (often, OR=2.099, 95%CI: 1.201-3.670), way of carrying backpack (shoulders, OR=0.580, 95%CI: 0.370-0.908), and exercise level (OR=0.428, 95%CI: 0.296-0.618) were influencing factors of scoliosis among primary and middle school students. Conclusion The positive rate of scoliosis screening among primary and middle school students in Chuzhou City was 7.41%, which was influenced by gender, age, body mass index, sleeping posture, reading in bed, way of carrying backpack and exercise level.

The safety of TCM injection triggered attentions and hotspots in recent years in China.The centralized monitoring of TCM injection provided important evidence for analyzing the safety risk of TCM injections,recognizing adverse reactions and contraindications and perfecting the instructions.This study aimed at exploring the ethical problems on centralized monitoring.In this paper,we retrieved and screened the ethical issues of TCM injections over hospital centralized monitoring in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI,1979-Ju1.,2016).Issues over it were put forward and addressed.It is found that the current ethical issues related to hospital centralized monitoring lacks sufficient attentions,corresponding norms and requirements.Based on the ethical issues reflected from the literatures,suggestions should be pressed ahead with the ethical review of centralized surveillance,signing of informed consents,registration of research programs,data statistics and reporting stages,for the better protection of the rights and interests of subjects and improvement of research quality.