Manual Muscle Testing is a widely used muscle power testing method in rehabilitation practice. Although it's a key content in rehabilitation medicine and rehabilitation therapy, there are some disagreements in lots of books introducing the development and rating system of it. This article reviewed the development of Manual Muscle Testing and different rating systems.

This paper introduces the principle and control technique of the intelligentized respirator and the applications of the modes of SmartCare and AutoFlow. The possible malfunctions of the intelligentized respirator during mechanical ventilation and their countermeasures are analyzed. The influence of the malfunction alert grade on the patient during mechanical ventilation is also discussed. It's the trend to develop the intelligentized respirator. The staff has to be educated and trained to make full use of the intelligentized respirator.

Kinesio Taping therapy is commonly used in sports injury, and has been focused in central neurological rehabilitation in recent years. This article reviewed the efficacy, mechanism of Kinesio Taping in central neurological rehabilitation.

We are facing increasing stress and challenges because of the fierce competition and fast pace of daily work and life.In other words,we are exposed to more frequent and intense social stress.Continual and intense stress is known to be detrimental to human well-being.Stress has been regarded as a major contributing factor of human diseases.There-fore,it′s necessary to review the recent research progress in stress biomarkers that are of different types,such as cortisol,α-amylase,catecholamine,heat shock protein and cytokines.In this review,we will focus on the most well reported stress biomarkers,including cortisol and α-amylase.We hope that this review will enable researchers and practitioners to gain in-sights into stress biomarkers,which will lead to improved healthcare decisions regarding prevention,treatment and rehabili-tation of stress-related diseases.

Through the comparative study on the psychiatric specialist training system between China, Japan and Korea, we have found that the number of psychiatric specialist training base in Japan and Korea is more than that of our country. Japan has a higher requirement of the practice training experiences for trainees before training and emphasizes how well mastering general psychiatry and understanding of society as trainees. However, the training bases in South Korean have main hos-pitals and sub main hospitals as well and trainees are stipulated to participate in a certain number of academic conferences and publish academic papers as their characteristics, which can provide a refer-ence for our country's adding more additional psychiatric specialist training bases and reasonable arrangements for trainee rotation in the future.

Objective To investigate the status of biological membrane(biofilm) formation in the bronchi of old patients treated with mechanical air,and clarify its correlations and risk factors.Methods The retaining time in 25 bronchi from 22 cases of old patients and the results of bacterial culture were analyzed.Results Bacteria culture-positive samples are 22 cases isolated from 25 endotrached tube,accounting for 88%.Negative samples are 3 cases,accounting for 12%.Conclusion The density of bacteria is corresponding to the time of tubing in the bronchi.With the extension of tubing time,the quantity of bacteria is greatly increased.

High myopia is a common blinding eye disease with high specificity and population genetic heterogeneity.It has emerged as a major public health concern,which is often accompanied by many severe associated comorbidities,including retinal detachment,cataract and glaucoma.While rarely effective treatment Is found so far.This article reviews recent advances in understanding genetic mechanism of high myopia,such as mode of inheritance,MYP locus and candidate genes.

The anti-mutation effect of flesh of clam Merectix meretrix Linnaeus was studied . The increase in the rate of micronuclei of mice bone -marrow polychromatic erythrocytes induced by Cy (25 mg/kg X 2d, ip) or Ur (0. 5 g/kg X 4d , ip) was inhibited by decoctio of flesh of Meretrix merelrix Linnaeus (20g/kgX7d, ig).

Objective: To investigate the factors affecting the development of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) among patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM), so as to provide insights into manangement of NPDR. Methods: T2DM patients without obvious eye discomfort at ages of 18 years and older admitted to Department of Endocrinology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital during the period from December 2019 to May 2021 were enrolled. Participants' demographics, smoking, alcohol consumption, medical history of diabetes and use of medicines were collected, and the height, weight and blood pressure were measured. The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose, blood C-peptide, lipid and creatinine were tested, and retinopathy was examined with a non-mydriatic fundus camera. The factors affecting the development of NPDR were identified among T2DM patients using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 486 T2DM patients were enrolled, including 354 men (72.84%), with a median age of 48.00 (15.25) years, and median diabetes duration of 35.00 (104.25) months. The prevalence of NPDR was 19.34% among the participants. multivariable logistic regression analysis identified an educational level of senior high school and above (OR=0.546, 95%CI: 0.325-0.918), duration of diabetes (OR=1.008, 95%CI: 1.005-1.012), HbA1c (OR=1.183, 95%CI: 1.034-1.354) and use of non-sulfonylurea insulin secretagogues (OR=1.859, 95%CI: 1.082-3.196) as factors affecting the risk of NPDR among T2DM patients. Conclusion A high risk of NPDR is found among T2DM patients with a low educational level, long duration of diabetes, poor HbA1c control and use of non-sulfonylurea insulin secretagogues.

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture and nerve and tendon gliding exercises on mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome.Methods Forty patients with mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,each of 20.Both groups were given neurotrophic drugs.The observation group was additionally provided with electroacupuncture and nerve and tendon gliding exercises,while the control group was given routine health education for 4 weeks.The Boston carpal tunnel syndrome questionnaire (BCTQ),a visual analogue scale (VAS),thumb and middle finger to wrist motor conduction velocity (MCV),sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs),median nerve distal motor latency (DML) and the amplitude of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) of the musculi abductor pollicis brevis were evaluated.Results There were no significant differences in any of the measurements between the two groups before the treatment.After four weeks of treatment,significantly better improvement was observed in the average SCV of the thumb and wrist,the SCV of the digitus medius and wrist,the SNAP of the thumb and wrist,the SNAP of the digitus medius and wrist,the DML of the nervus medianus and the CMAP of the abductor pollicis brevis in the observation group compared to before the treatment and compared to the control group.Moreover,there was a significant decrease in the observation group's average BCTQ symptom score and function score and in their VAS ratings.However,in the control group significant differences were only found in the average SCV of the thumb and wrist,the DML of the nervus medianus and in their VAS ratings.Conclusions Electroacupuncture and nerve and tendon gliding exercises can significantly relieve symptoms and restore hand function.They are worth applying in clinical practice.