BACKGROUND:The siphon of internal carotid artery is a complex of bending and surrounding structure, which has become a research hot in the field of medical imaging and regional anatomy. There is little research on the hemodynamics of internal carotid artery. Finite element analysis provides the basis for the related dynamics research. OBJECTIVE:To explicit the hemodynamic characteristics of the normal and stenosis internal carotid artery, and to explore the relevant influential factors. METHODS:Finite element model of the siphon of internal carotid artery was built based on 64-slice spiral CT data, and then, three-dimensional models were constructed using Mimics 10.01 software. There were simulations of the normal and post-stenosis blood flows with ANSYS 13.0 CFX software, to observe the changes of hemodynamics, and to analyze their characteristics and differences. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The normal blood flow at the siphon of internal carotid artery was in a laminar state, but rotation and turbulent flow formed at the two angle regions. The velocity of external bending zone was slower than that of the internal. The slower was the velocity, the more obvious was the turbulence. The wal shear force decreased at the angle regions, and the wal shear force of external bending zone was smal er than that of the internal. At the region of arterial stenosis, the blood flow was sped, and at the downstream, turbulent flow and low zone of wal shear force were formed. With the increase of stenosis severity, the turbulent flow and low wal shear force area were expanded. Central stenosis showed more obvious effects than the eccentric one. The degree of stenosis and bending at the siphon of internal carotid artery can directly influence the formation of turbulent flow and low wal shear force area, which are more obvious at the external bending zone and central stenosis.

According to the specialty characteristics of medical college and university and the reality of teaching on the analytic chemistry experiment,this article explored a new thought on teaching of analytic chemistry experiment for majors of medicine and pharmaceutics.By optimizing the course teaching system,enhancing the requirement of experience teaching,renewing the teaching contents and integrating basal experiment with integrated and designed experiment,we obtained good teaching effect.

BACKGROUND:Our previous studies have shown that a soft substrate has a significant effect on morphology and cytoskeleton of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of polyacrylamide gels as soft substrates with different elastic moduli on the chondrogenic differentiation of human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cels.
METHODS:The synovium was harvested from patients with osteoarthritis under sterile conditions, and primary human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cels were separated using limiting dilution assay. The flow cytometry and multi-directional differentiation experiments were used to identify the cel surface markers and function of the human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cels, respectively. The polyacrylamide gels with the elastic modulus of 0.4, 6, 30 kPa, which were made using various amounts of acrylamide and bis-acrylamide, were used to culture human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cels under induction with transforming growth factor-β1 for 7 and 14 days. RT-PCR was used to test the expression of chondrogenic genes, type II colagen gene and cartilage acidic protein 1. The 6-wel cel culture plates served as controls.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cels showed different cel morphology in the different elastic modulus of polyacrylamide gels. The expression of type II colagen gene and cartilage acidic protein 1 were affected by the different elastic modulus of polyacrylamide gels and culture time, and there was an interaction between these two factors. At 7 days of induction, the expression of cartilage acidic protein 1 gene on 6 kPa polyacrylamide gels was the highest (F=44.350,P=0.000); meanwhile, the expression of type II colagen gene on 0.4 kPa polyacrylamide gels was the highest (F=6.384,P=0.005). These findings indicate that polyacrylamide gels with lower elastic modulus are superior to routine culture plates to promote the chondrogenic differentiation of human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cels.

Objective To explore the effects of silver needle with systematical on shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS) after stroke. Methods 80 stroke patients with SHS were randomly divided into silver needle group (obsevation group) and body acupuncture group (control group) with 40 cases each group. Both groups received same rountine treatment and rehabilitation exercises after acupuncture. The color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) was used to measure the velocity of blood flow of the upper limbs, and the Fugl-Meyer Assessment was used to assess motor function of the upper limbs after 3 weeks. Results There was no significant difference between 2 groups before and 1 months after treatment (P>0.05), but there was significant difference 3 and 6 months after treatment (P<0.01). The velocity of blood flow of ulnar artery,radial artery, ulnar veins, radial veins and middle finger digital artery were higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The silver needle combined with systematical rehabilitation can improve the velocity of blood flow of artery and veins of upper limb, and improve the motor function of upper limb.

ObjectiveTo test and verify whether Ba-alginate-Poly-L-Ornithine-Alginate microcapsules(B-PLO-A) can improve the physical properties and biocompatibility of the traditional BPA microcapsules.MethodsThe B-PLO-A and Ba-alginate-Poly-L-lysine-alginate（B-PLL-A） microcapsules were made by the static generator. The physical property of the microcapsules was evaluated by observing the morphological changes of the microcapsules in the hypotonic environment, changes in diameter of microcapsules in vitro culture and calculating broken microcapsules ratio by shaking method. The biocompatibility was observed by transplanting into peritoneal cavity of rat.ResultsB-PLO-A microcapsules are stronger and more stable in a hypotonic environment than B-PLL-A microcapsules. After 96 h mechanism shaking, the unbroken microcapsules ratio of B-PLO-A and B-PLL-A microcapsules were (99.3±1.0)% and (96.2±1.5)% respectively. The microcapsules were retrieved from peritoneal cavity of rat at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation, most of the microcapsules were of integrity, rotundity, and surface smooth without obviously bundled by connective tissue. 8 weeks after transplantation the intact microcapsules ratio of B-PLO-A and B-PLL-A microcapsules were (97.3±2.1)% and (95.4±2.4)% respectively.ConclusionB-PLO-A microcapsules as a whole have bettermechanical strength compared with B-PLL-A microcapsules, while maintaining a good biocompatibility.

Objective To reconstruct tissue-engineered 3D bronchial model using human bronchial epithelial cells and human embryo lung fibroblast as seeding cells, and liquid collagen mixed Matrigel as scaffold. Methods Human bronchial epithelial cells and human embryo lung fibroblast were mixed with liquid collagen supplementing with matrigel and casted in 12-wells plate to reconstruct cells-collagen sheet. Macroscopic observation, phase-contrast microscopy observation, routine HE staining and immunohistochemistry staining(CK ets) were employed to assess the engineered 3D model. Results We reconstructed engineered 3D bronchial model successfully in vitro by tissue engineering techniques and exerted static stretch onto the collagen sheet. From Macroscopic observation, we gained contracted well sheet. We also observed network structure in phase-contrast microscopy meanwhile the viability of cells was fine. HE staining showed the formation of 3D network structure. The immunohistochemistry staining of CK and Vimentin were positive.Conclusion We reconstructed engineered 3D bronchial model successfully in vitro and seeding cells could implement polarity growing in the scaffold materials then gained the network structure.

OBJECTIVE:To study the chemical constituents in the chloroform extract of Fructus Canarii. METHODS:The chloroform extract of Fructus Canarii was isolated and purified by MCI,Toyopearl HW-40F,reverse-phase C18,Sephadex LH-20 column. The structure of compounds was analyzed and identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data(mass spectrum, hydrogen spectrum and carbon spectrum). RESULTS:Eight compounds were isolated from chloroform extract of Fructus Canarii, namely Dihydrophaseicacid-3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1),3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid(2),3-O-galloylquinic acid(3),Gallic acid (4), Ethyl gallate(5), Scopoletin(6), Dllagic acid-4-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(7) and Isocorilagin(8). CONCLUSIONS:Compounds 1,2 and 7 were firstly obtained from Fructus Canarii. The study lays foundation for quality evaluation of Fructus Canarii.

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether inhibition of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is protective against liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in mice and to explore its possible mechanism.

METHODSLiver IRI was established in C57BL6/J mice by inducing 90 minutes of ischemia in the left/middle liver lobe followed by 6 hours of reperfusion. To investigate the role of PTEN in hepatic IRI, a subset of these mice received pre-treatment with the specific PTEN inhibitor bpv(HOpic), which was injected intraperitoneally at 2 hours prior to the ischemia insult. Serum alanine aminotransferase (sALT) levels were measured and liver histology was assessed in all mice. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12p40 and TNFa were detected by real-time PCR. The expression of p-AKT and p-ERK in liver tissues was analyzed by Western blotting.

RESULTSThe IRI group pre-treated with bpv(HOpic) showed significantly lower sALT values (3 075.0 +/- 807.4 U/L vs. IRI without pre-treatment: 11 460.0 +/- 1 783.0 U/L, P less than 0.01) and more well-preserved liver architecture. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was inhibited markedly by the administration of bpv(HOpic); for IRI without pre-treatment vs.IRI pre-treated with bpv(HOpic), the IL-12 levels were 1.12 +/- 0.11 vs .0.55 +/- 0.13 ( P less than 0.01) and the TNFa levels were 1.62 +/- 0.20 vs. 0.35 +/- 0.07 ( P less than 0.01). Western blot analysis showed that the hepatic expression of both p-AKT and p-ERK was enhanced obviously in mice pretreated with the PTEN inhibitor.

CONCLUSIONPTEN inhibition alleviates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury via the up-regulation of pro-survival signaling mediated by p-AKT and p-ERK as well as the inhibition of hepatic inflammation. PTEN may represent a useful target for the treatment of liver IRI.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Liver ; blood supply ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

Objective To analyze the status of information release and the ability to identify public needs for hypertension prevention and control information in Shanxi and Hebei areas. Methods A systematic data collection method was used to obtain various information about hypertension prevention and control published in Shanxi and Hebei provinces. Based on the Delphi method, sensitive and evaluation indicators for the tertiary prevention of hypertension were determined. To evaluate the degree to which public needs were met in the two areas, the authority, timeliness, continuity, systematicness, and credibility of identifying public needs were calculated. Results The release of information on hypertension prevention and control in Shanxi and Hebei lagged behind that in World Health Organization (WHO) for 2 and 27 years, respectively, and this was mainly carried out by research institutes, with no response from professional associations and government agencies. Information on primary and secondary prevention was first released in 1980 in Shanxi province, while primary prevention information was first released in 2005 in Hebei province. Regarding hypertension prevention and treatment, Shanxi province could meet 6.11% of the public need, and Hebei province could meet 3.57% of it. The five dimensions of authority, timeliness, continuity, systematicness, and credibility of identifying the public need were 11.34%, 25.29%, 0, 50.31%, and 0 in Shanxi province, and 6.86%, 14.54%, 0, 50.00%, and 0 in Hebei province, respectively. Conclusions The ability to identify the public need for information on hypertension prevention and control in Shanxi and Hebei provinces is relatively low. Relevant departments should take measures to enhance the two‐way communication of information and improve the public's knowledge and participation.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of surgery combined with multiple interventions in treating patients with ear keloid by network meta-analysis. Methods: Databases including " PubMed" , " Cochrane Library" were searched using key words " (((((((((((Ear, External[MeSH Terms]]] OR (Ears, Exernal]] OR (Outer Ear]] OR (Ear, Outer]] OR (Ears, Outer]] OR (External Ear]]] AND (((keloid[Mesh Terms]]] OR (keloids]]] AND ((((((surgery[MeSH Terms]]] OR (operative therapy]] OR (operative procedures]] OR (invasive procedures]] OR (operations]]]] AND (randomized controlled trial[pt]]" , database " Embase" was searched using key words ((′external ear′/exp] OR(′auricle′/exp] OR (′ear lobe′/exp]] AND ((′surgery′/exp] OR (′ear surgery′/exp]] AND (′keloid′/exp] AND (′randomized controlled trial′/exp] and Chineses journals full-text database, China biology medicine disc, VIP database, and Wanfang database were searched using key words in chinese version "耳瘢痕疙瘩,手术" to obtain the randomized controlled trails about surgery combined with multiple interventions in the treatment of ear keloid from the establishment of each database to June 2018. EndNote X7, Revman 5.3, STATA 14.0, GeMTC 14.3 statistical software were used to extract data from studies, study quality assessment, drawing network figure, publication bias analysis, traditional meta-analysis, heterogeneity test, consistency test, similarity test, network meta-analysis. Results: A total of 18 trails involving 8 therapeutic measures were included, and 1 425 patients with ear keloid were included. All of the 18 trails had high risk of bias. The network figure shows that there are 28 different pairwise comparisons among the eight treatments. Of the 18 studies included, 10 were directly compared, and the remaining 18 were not directly evidenced, those comparisons will be made indirectly by the network meta-analysis. The basic symmetry of each point in the funnel plot and the P values of Beggs test and Eggers test were all greater than 0.05, shows that the existence of publication bias is less likely. Traditional meta-analysis showed that the efficiency of surgery + hormone, surgery + pressure, surgery + radiotherapy and surgery + hormone + radiotherapy were better than that of simple surgery, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); the efficiency of surgery + hormone + radiotherapy was better than that of surgery + hormone, the difference was statistically significant(P=0.001); surgery + hormone + fluorouracil and surgery + hormone + radiotherapy had statistical significance(P<0.05). Efficiency is higher than surgery + radiotherapy, the difference is statistically significant. The rest of the direct comparisons are not statistically significant. All P values in the heterogeneity test were greater than 0.1 and I² was less than 50%, so there was no significant heterogeneity in the study. 8 treatments formed 4 closed loops, the inconsistency factor IF ranged from 0.06 to 0.23, and the lower limit of 95% CI was 0, it means than the consistency of those loops were good. The similarity test of the 18 studies was good. Based on Bayesian theory, the random effect model of MCMC method was analyzed by network meta analysis. The results of 7 combined therapies were statistically significant compared with those of simple operation, and were superior to those of simple operation. The results of the seven combined therapies were statistically significant as follows: surgery + hormone + fluorouracil VS surgery + radiotherapy (OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.08-0.93], surgery + hormone + fluorouracil was better than surgery + hormone; surgery + hormone + radiotherapy + VS surgery + hormone (OR = 0.06, 95% CI 0.01-0.23], surgery + hormone + radiotherapy Surgery + hormone + radiotherapy VS surgery + pressure (OR = 0.07, 95% CI 0.01-0.37], surgery + hormone + radiotherapy is better than surgery + pressure; surgery + hormone + radiotherapy VS surgery + radiotherapy (OR = 0.06, 95% CI 0.01-0.30], surgery + hormone + radiotherapy is better than surgery + radiotherapy. There was no significant difference in the curative effect between the other combined treatments. The SUCRA curves were drawn according to the randomized effect model of MCMC. The SUCRA values of each treatment measure were as follows: surgery, 0.4%; surgery + hormone, 33.0%; surgery + pressure, 52.2%; surgery + radiotherapy, 34.6%; surgery + imiquimod 53.3%; surgery + fluorouracil 51.6%; surgery + hormone + fluorouracil, 76.4%; surgery + hormone + radiotherapy, 34.6%; surgery + hormone + fluorouracil, 53.3%; surgery + hormone Radiotherapy, 98.4%. According to the results of SUCRA chart, the effectiveness of each treatment measure was sorted as follows: operation + hormone + radiotherapy > operation + hormone + fluorouracil > operation + imiquimod > operation + pressure > operation + fluorouracil > operation + radiotherapy > operation + hormone > operation. Conclusions Surgery combined with a variety of treatments for ear keloid were superior to simple surgical treatment, of which surgery + hormone + radiotherapy is the best.