Objective To assess the efficacy of the two antiviral medications in preventing cytomegalovirus infection and cytomegalovirus disease in renal transplant recipients.Method We searched articles from Pubmed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,Wanfang Med Online,and China's biomedical journal citation database on line.Randomized controlled trials evaluating preemptive treatment and universal prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus infection and cytomegalovirus disease in renal transplant recipients were reviewed.Two reviewers screened studies and assessed study quality according to the study population,intervention measure and results.Finally data from included studies were subjected to meta-analysis.Result Six studies involving total 752 renal transplant recipients were included in this review.Compared with preemptive treatment,universal prophylaxis significantly reduced the risk of cytomegalovirus infection at 3 rd and 12 th month,and the risk of cytomegalovirus disease at 12 th month after transplantation (RR =12.13,95 ％ CI.6.59～22.36,P＜0.05; RR =2.21,95％CI:1.62～3.01,P＜0.05; RR=1.79,95％Chl.22～2.63,P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of other opportunistic infection and acute rejection.Conclusion Universal prophylaxis was more effective than preemptive treatment in preventing CMV infection and CMV disease in renal transplant recipients.

AIM: To investigate the expression and effects of sialyl Lewis X (SLeX) on the invasion and migration of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.METHODS: The expression of α1,3-fucosyltransferase VII (FUT7) in HepG2 cells and L-02 cells was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot.The SLeX expression in HepG2 cells and L-02 cells was determined by Western blot and immunocytochemical staining.The invasion and migration abilities of the treated cells were evaluated by Transwell assay.RESULTS: The expression of FUT7 and SLeX in the HepG2 cells, but not in the L-02 cells, was observed.The invasion rates of the HepG2 cells treated with SLeX monoclonal antibody at 0.05, 0.5 and 5 mg/L were significantly decreased as compared with control group (P<0.05).The migration ability of the HepG2 cells treated with SLeX monoclonal antibody at 0.05, 0.5 and 5 mg/L was also significantly reduced as compared with control group (P<0.05).The invasion rate and migratory cell number were significantly different between any 2 groups in the HepG2 cells treated with SLeX monoclonal antibody at 0.05, 0.5 and 5 mg/L (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: HepG2 cells express SLeX.SLeX is closely related to the migration and invasion abilities of the HepG2 cells.

Objective To explore the relationship between responsibility and social adaptation of the left-behind middle school students and to provide evidence for mental health education of left-behind children.Methods 290 left-behind middle school students were selected by cluster-random-sampling.All of them were assessed by the middle school students' social adaptability scale (SAS-SSS),the inventory of parent and peer attachment (IPPA) and the scale of high school students' responsibility.Results The correlation between responsibility,attachment behavior and social adaptation of left-behind middle school students were significant(r=0.39,r=0.56,P＜0.01).There were significant differences between gender on the responsibility(male(202.64±26.78) vs female(212.67±23.24)).Regression analysis showed that mother attachment,overall responsibility,general responsibility and special fault responsibility could predict the social adaptation(P＜0.05).Responsibility and its factors played a mediating role between attachment and adaptation,taking 52.1％,20.1％,30.8％,9.1％,47.9％,40.7％ proportion of the total effect.Conclusion Responsibility is an important factor affecting the social adaptation of left-behind middle school students.

Objective:To explore the predictive value of computed tomography (CT) texture analysis for the recurrence in children with acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods:The clinical diagnostic test was conducted. The clinical data of 56 children with primary AP who were admitted to Wuhan Fourth Hospital from January 2016 to January 2018 were collected. There were 13 males and 43 females, aged from 3.5 to 13.0 years, with a median age of 5.5 years. Based on follow-up in other hospitals, 20 children with recurrence of AP were allocated into recurrence group, and 36 children without recurrence were allocated into non-recurrence group. All the 56 children underwent abdomen plain and enhanced CT scan within 24 hours after first admission. Observation indicators: (1) comparison of clinicopathological features between two groups of children with AP. (2) comparison of CT texture parameters between two groups of children with AP. (3) diagnostic efficacy of clinical features and CT texture parameters. Follow-up using outpatient reexamination and telephone interview was conducted to detect recurrence of AP up to February 2020. The duration of follow-up required more than or equal to 24 months. The Shapiro Wilk test was used to analyze normality of measurement data. Measurement data with normal distribution were repre-sented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range) or M ( P25, P75), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test. Comparison of ordinal data was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Clinical parameters and CT texture parameters with statistical differences were multivariate analyzed using the Logistic regression model. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of parameters for recurrence of AP. Results:(1) Comparison of clinicopatholo-gical features between two groups of children with AP: cases with or without complications were 14 and 6 for the recurrence group, versus 7 and 29 for the non-recurrence group, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=14.021, P<0.05). Cases with minimal, moderately severe or severe disease (severity of disease) were 2, 5, 13 for the recurrence group, versus 19, 11, 6 for the non-recurrence group, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( Z=5.414, P<0.05). (2) Comparison of CT texture parameters between two groups of children with AP: the energy value in the arterial phase on CT examination was 0.186(0.174,0.206)for the recurrence group and 0.413(0.405,0.425) for the non-recurrence group, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( Z=9.413, P<0.05). The energy value and entropy value in the venous phase on CT examination were 0.084(0.078,0.092) and 0.961(0.210,1.720) for the recurrence group, versus 0.135(0.124,0.156) and 0.372(0.210,0.535) for the non-recurrence group, showing significant differences between the two groups ( Z=4.763, 7.243, P<0.05). (3) Diagnostic efficacy of clinical parameters and CT texture parameters: results of multivariate analysis showed the complications, severity of disease, energy value in the arterial phase on CT examination were related factors for recurrence in children with AP, energy value and entropy value in the venous phase on CT examination were related factor for recurrence in children with AP ( odds ratio=0.874, 0.765, 0.837, 0.902, 0.813, 95% confidence interval as 0.802?0.985, 0.581?0.914, 0.753?0.897, 0.862?0.948, 0.765?0.873, P<0.05). Results of ROC analysis showed that that areas under curve (AUC) of complications, severity of disease in the clinical parameters were 0.734 and 0.832, the AUC of single CT texture parameter was 0.811?0.867, the AUC of clinico-pathological parameters combined with CT texture parameters was 0.882. Conclusion:CT texture analysis can early and non-invasively predict the recurrence of AP in children, and the combination of clinicopathological parameters with CT texture parameter has a better predictive efficacy.

Objective Aδ and C fiber nociceptors can be excited when people received contact heat stimulation(CHS) and this excitation may be reflected by functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI).The aim of this study was to observe the different fMRI characteristics in CHS with distinct temperatures in healthy people and to explore the pain related functional network.Depending on the fMRI results,we can evaluate the values of CHS-fMRI during the research of brain functional connectivity.Methods Twenty-two healthy volunteers were recruited to this study.During the acquisition of fMRI,the right dorsal forearm received two different CHS in 41 and 51 degree respectively(41 ℃ CHS-fMRI group and 51 ℃ CHS-fMRI group),and two series of fMRI data were obtained for each subject.The brain activation was obtained by using one sample t test for the 41 ℃CHS-fMRI group and 51 ℃CHS-fMRI group separately.The difference between 41 ℃ CHS-fMRI group and 51 ℃ CHS-fMRI group was analyzed by paired-sample t-test.Result These activated brain areas in 41 ℃ CHS-fMRI group included bilateral superior temporal gyrus (STG),contralateral transverse temporal gyrus,contralateral amygdala,bilateral insula,bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG),contralateral hippocampus,bilateral putamen,contralateral supramarginal,ipsilateral postcentral,ipsilateral inferior parietal lobule,ipsilateral middle temporal gyrus (MTG),bilateral cerebelum,bilateral middle cingulate cortex and bilateral posterior cingulate cortex.These activated brain areas in 51 ℃ CHS-fMRI group included bilateral STG,bilateral amygdala,contralateral hippocampus,bilateral thalamus,contralateral putamen,bilateral insula,bilateral IFG,bilateral cerebellum,contralateral postcentral,contralateral superior parietal lobule,bilateral MTG,bilateral precuneus,and contralateral cuneus.Compared with 41 ℃ CHS-fMRI group,the 51 ℃ CHS-fMRI group showed higher brain activation in bilateral cerebellum (right:4.455,left:3.891),ipsilateral precuneus (4.150),contralateral insula (3.530),contralateral IFG (3.530),and contralateral postcentral (3.530; t =2.83,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions There are common brain activated areas and specific areas for each group,which suggested that existence of two central pathways activated by Aδ and C fiber which have different effects in perception of pain and have their brain network responsively.It may become one of the ideal pain stimulation methods with CHS-fMRI,which warrant worth further research.

This study is to investigate the anti-tumor activities of a novel cyclophosphamide derivate 4, 6-diphenyl cyclophosphamide (9b) in vivo and in vitro, and its possible mechanism of action. The inhibitory effects of 9b on human hepatoma cell line HepG2, human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and human myeloid leukemia cell line K562 were measured by MTT assay in vitro. Cell cycle distribution and apoptotic rate were evaluated by flow cytometry. To evaluate the anti-tumor effect of 9b in vivo, mouse model bearing inoculated H22 tumor was established. The results indicated that 9b could inhibit the proliferation of HepG2, MCF-7 and K562 cells in a dose and time dependent manner. The ICo50 values of 9b were 32.34 micromol.L-1 to HepG2 cells, 87.07 micromol.L-1 to MCF-7 cells and 149.10 micromol.L-1 to K562 cells after incubation for 48 h. The results of flow cytometry indicated that after being treated for 48 h with different concentrations of 9b, the ratios of HepG2, MCF-7 cells at the Go/G1 phase and K562 cells at the G0/Gl phase and G2/M phase increased significantly compared with control group, and the apoptotic rate increased with the increase of the concentration of 9b. 9b could significantly reduce tumor weight of H22 solid tumor mouse model in vivo. To summarize, 9b showed significantly anti-tumor activity in vivo and in vitro, of which the mechanism might be associated with the change of cell cycle distribution and induction of tumor cell apoptosis.

Objective To explore the imaing features of hemangioma in the long bone and improve the diagnostic level of this disease. Methods The X-ray(14 cases), CT(9 cases) and MRI(6 cases)findings of 18 patientswith histologically proven hemangioma in the long bone after surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Results Ten tumors occurred in medullary cavity or bone end(medullary type),6 on the surface of bone (periosteal type) and 3 in cortex (intracortical type). X-ray findings: among 8 cases of medullary type, 3 showed honeycomb appearance, 3 lytic areas with sclerotic borders, one purely osteolyticchanges, and 1 frosted glass; 3 cases of periosteal type showed sclerosis and thickening of the underlying cortex; 3 cases of intracortical type showed well-defined osteolytic foci. CT findings: among 6 cases of medullary type, 5 appeared as expansile lytic lesion with uneven selerotic rim (3 cases)orhoneycomb appearance (2 cases), 1 cribriform appearance in the cortical bone, 2 periostealnew bone formation in vertical radiation pattern; 1 ground-glass appearance; among 2 cases of periosteal typeone showed regular cortical thickening, and the other irregular periosteal proliferation with marrowing of medullarycavity; 1 case of intracorticaltype showed density similar to that of soft tissue, with cortical thickening and expansion . MRI findings: 2 apeared as well-defined lesions with low signal intensity on T1WI and high signal intensity on T2WI; 1 appeared as ill-defined lesion with low to intermediate signal intensity on T1 WI and T2 WI. One showed breakthrogh of cortex and formation of soft tissue mass with low signal intensity on T1 WI and high signal on T2WI. Two showed thickening of periosteumwith intermediate signal intensity in one of them and very low signal intensity in the other. Two showed abnormal signal intensity in surrounding muscles, which was high on T2 WI and intermediate on T1 WI. Conclusions The soap-bubble or honeycomb appearance is the typical radiographic finding of hemangioma in long bone. CT and MRI can provide useful information for the diagnosis of hemangioma in long bone.

Objective To investigate the value of CT in localization diagnosis of the neoplasm of the transverse mesocolon.Methods 26 cases of neoplasm of the transverse mesocolon proved by surgical pathology or pathology from May 1998 to Dec.2007 were retrospectivley studied.All cases underwent CT scan.Image analysis was focused on the relation between neoplasm and SMA,SMV,middle colonic vessels,duodenum,and the small bowel.Readipose sarcoma (n=1),transverse colonic carcinoma invaded the transverse melocolon (n=2),pancreatic carcinoduodenum in 22 cases.Superior mesenteric artery and vein were displaced in 21 cases;middle colonic vessels were showed different CT manifestation.Conclusion The relation between neoplasm and adjacent structure is helpful for the localizing neoplasm of the transverse mesocolon.

Objective To investigate the filtration roles of microporous membranes with different pore sizes in the tumor cells with different diameters,and effects on the filtered cells.Methods Three kinds of tumor cells with different cell diameters and same concentrations,including Jurkat,K562 and A549,were filtered by the polycarbonate microporous membranes with different pore sizes such as 1,3,5,8 and 10 μm,respectively,and their filtration rates were determined.The diameters of three kinds of tumor cells before and after filtration,and the fixed K562 cells with formaldehyde,were measured by an optical microscope.The activity of the filtered K562 cells were detected by the trypan blue staining.After the filtered K562 cells were re-cultured,their proliferation activity was analyzed by the growth curve.Results Jurkat,K562 and A549 cells couldn't pass the filter membrane with 1 μm of pore size.The filtration rates of three kinds of tumor cells passing the fliter membranes with 3 μm,5 μm,8 μm and 10 μm of pore sizes increased in turn.The survival rate of K562 cells filtered by 3 μm of pore size of membrane was 92.0％,and the proliferation acticity of re-cultured K562 cells was still strong.The filtration rate of the fixed K562 cells with formaldehyde was significantly decreased,and the average diameter of the filtered cells had no obvious change.Conclusion The living cells are able to pass the membranes with the pore sizes less than their diameters.The living cells passed the filter membranes may still maintain their growth and proliferation activity.However,the fixation of formaldehyde may significantly reduce the number of cells passed the membrane.

Objective To retrospectively study the serum IgG and IgM antibodies against toxoplasma, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1&2 in various populations, and analyze the clinical values.Methods From 2008 to 2015, 2 661 pregnant women, 324 infertile women, 2 492 women with abnormal pregnancy history, 623 women with recent abnormal pregnancy, 261 infants with intrauterine growth retardation and other diseases, 170 women for preconceptual examination, and 702 women for physical examination in Beijing were included .Commercial EIA kits were used to detect serum IgG and IgM antibodies to toxoplasma, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1&2. Positive reactions of IgM antibodies to any pathogens were re-tested with another kind of commercial EIA kit. PEMS3.1 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The prevalence of serum IgG or IgM antibodies against toxoplasma, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1& 2 were found within 0.7%-1.6%(0-1.2%) , 85.3%-92.0% ( 0.4%-2.7%) , 89.1%-94.9% ( 0.7%-1.7%) , 74.8%-86.0% ( 0 -0.7%) , 8.1% -17.4% ( 0 -4.1%) respectively in the studied population groups.The prevalence of TORCH IgG and IgM antibodies were not found to be higher in both populations with past suspicious exposure ( infertile women and women with abnormal pregnancy history ) and recent suspicious exposure ( women with recent abnormal pregnancy and infants with intrauterine growth retardation and other diseases) than that in pregnant women and women for preconceptual and physical examination. Conclusion No associations between TORCH infections and the suspicious exposure were found in the populations above.