To prove the clinical teaching of gynecology of medical foreign students,this paper concludes and analyses the problems of gynecological probation teaching of foreign student through the clinical teaching work,including difficulties in language communication,no unified textbook,particularity of gynecology,and cultural differences.

Vitamin D is a group of steroid hormones.Studies in recent years have shown that vitamin D is associated with the incidence of cerebral infarction,the severity of infarction,and functional outcome.In addition to the indirect effect of vascular risk factors,vitamin D may also play the direct protective effect by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress after cerebral infarction.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical eflicacy of magnesium sulfate combined with nifedipine in treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension.MethodsOne hundred and fifty pregnancyinduced hypertension patients were divided into two groups by random digits table with 75 cases each.The observation group was treated with magnesium sulfate combined with nifedipine.The control group was treated with magnesium sulfate.Then the blood pressure before and after treatment and the pregnancy outcome were observed.ResultsThe systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure after treatment in observation group were lower than those in control group [ (133.2 ± 7.9) mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) vs.(142.5 ± 8.0)mm Hg,(80.6 ± 6.1 ) mm Hg vs. (86.6 ± 6.1 )mm Hg],and there were significant differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The spontaneous labor rate in observation group was higher than that in control group [ 65.3％ (49/75) vs.41.3％ (31/75 )],and there was significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ).The incidence of placental abruption,hypoproteinemia,postpartum hemorrhage,fetal growth retardation,fetal distress,premature delivery,asphyxia neonatorum,perinatal mortality in observation group were lower than those in control group [ 1.3％(1/75) vs.12.0％(9/75),13.3％(10/75) vs.33.3％(25/75),8.0％(6/75)vs.16.0％(12/75),2.7％(2/75) vs.9.3％(7/75),2.7％(2/75) vs.10.7％(8/75),2.7％(2/75) vs.17.3％(13/75),1.3％ (1/75) vs.5.3％ (4/75),0 vs.5.3％ (4/75)],and there were significant differences between two groups(P ＜0.05). Conclusion Magnesium sulfate combined with nifedipine in treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension can effectively reduce the adverse pregnancy outcome,and reduce the asphyxia neonatorum rate and caesarean section rate.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of methotrexate combined with mifepristone in the treatment of unruptured ectopic pregnancy.Methods96 cases of unruptured ectopic pregnancy patients were randomly classified into two groups,observation group with 48 cases was treated with methotrexate combined with mifepristone and control group with 48 cases was only treated with methotrexate.The treatment effect and adverse reaction between two groups were compared.ResultsThe time of blood β-HCG recovery to normal and hospitalization time in observation group were significantly shorter than those in control group( P ＜ 0.05 ),and mass diameter was significantly smaller than that in control group( P ＜ 0.05 ).The adverse reaction incidence in observation group was 10.4％ ( 5/48 )while 6.3％ (3/48) in control group.ConclusionMethotrexate combined with mifepristone in the treatment of unruptured ectopic pregnancy could enhance clinical effect,shorten treatment time,decrease adverse reaction,which could be applied in clinic.

Objective To study the dependablity of clinical characteristics and prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer,so as to apply the basis for the treatment. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 92 patients with endometrial cancer were analyzed retrospectively, 5-year survival rate was followed and observed. Using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to evaluate the factors related to overall survival. Results The overall 5-year survival rate was 72.41%. Using univariate analysis, the survival time was correlated with histologic type, pathological staging, histologic grade, myometrium invasion,cervical invasion and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05).Using multivariate analysis, the survival time was correlated with histologic type,histologic grade and myometrium invasion. Conclusions Histologic type, histologic grade and myometrium invasion are independent prognostic factors for survival time of patients. In order to improve the prognosis of the patients, they should be treated by individual therapies.

Objective To establish an HPLC-FLD method for simultaneous determination of homovanillic acid(HVA) and vanilmandelic acid(VMA) in human urine.Methods After being filtered with 0.45 ?m membrane,the samples of urine were injected directly into an ODS column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5.0 ?m) at the room temperature.The samples of urine were carried with the mobile phase comprised of methanol-0.1mol/L phosphate buffered solution(20:80,V/V).The flow rate was 1 ml/min,the injection volume was 10 ?l,the detection was taken at ?ex=277 nm,?em=320 nm.Results The determination was finished in 15 min,the retention time was 3.18 min for VMA and 6.72 min for HVA respectively.The detection limit of HVA was 0.15 ?g/ml,the linear range was 0-25 ?g/ml,the recovery rates were between 84.53%-106.1%,the relative standard deviation(RSD)

Objective To evaluate the role of angiotensin Ⅱ receptors in the development of neuropathic pain (NP) in rats.Methods Seventy-five male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 230-270 g,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =15 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),group NP,telmisartan (angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonist) 2 mg group (group T1),telmisartan 5 mg group (group T2),and telmisartan 10 mg group (group T3).NP was induced by chronic constrictive injury (CCI) in chloral hydrateanesthetized rats.The sciatic nerve was exposed and 4 loose ligatures were placed on the sciatic nerve at 1 mm intervals with 4-0 silk thread.In S group,the sciatic nerves were exposed but not ligated.Telmisartan 2,5 and 10 mg/kg were perfused via stomach once a day for 14 consecutive days in T1,T2 and T3 groups,respectively,while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead of telmisartan in S and NP groups.Mechanical and thermal pain thresholds were measured at 1 day before CCI and 3,7 and 14 days after CCI in each group.Results The mechanical and thermal pain thresholds were significantly decreased after CCI in NP,T1,T2 and T3 groups as compared with group S.The mechanical and thermal pain thresholds were significantly increased after CCI in T1,T2 and T3 groups as compared with group NP.The mechanical and thermal pain thresholds were significantly higher after CCI in T2 and T3 groups than in group T1.There was no significant difference in the mechanical and thermal pain thresholds between T2 and T3 groups.Conclusion Angiotensin Ⅱ receptors are involved in the development of NP in rats.

ObjectiveTo identify the status of quality of life in breast cancer patients and explore the impact of environmental factors on quality of life in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. MethodsTotally 201 primary breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy after surgery were investigated.Self-developed demographic and clinical character investigation questionnaire,WHO Disability Assessment Schedule Ⅱ(WHODAS Ⅱ),and environmental factors in International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health(ICF)core sets for breast cancer patients were adopted to collect relevant data. ResultsBreast cancer patients had different levels of difficulties on each domain of WHODAS Ⅱ.Multiple stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that“material and emotional support and interrelationship with friends”, “social security service,system and policies” and“social norms,practices and ideologies” were factors influencing quality of life of breast cancer patients. ConclusionsIn addition to the strengthen of rehabilitation exercise training,nurses should advocate more services from society through policy making,prompt public awareness and scientific cognition,as well as construct effective nursing interventions to help enlarge social support resources and improve social support level.

Objective To investigate the expression of thanatos-associated protein-8 (THAP-8) in ovarian cancer tissue,and explore its clinical significance.Methods A total of 86 patients with ovarian cancer were enrolled.The gene and protein expression of THAP-8 of the ovarian cancer tissue and adjacent tissue were detected by fluorescent quantitation polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.Results The gene expressions of THAP-8 of ovarian cancer tissue and adjacent tissue were 0.304 ± 0.104 and 0.615 ± 0.152.The protein expressions of THAP-8 in ovarian cancer tissue and adjacent tissue were 30.16 ± 12.34 and 67.34 ± 22.37.The gene and protein expressions of THAP-8 in ovarian cancer tissue were significantly lower than those in adjacent tissue (P＜ 0.01).The gene and protein expressions of THAP-8 in the low and middle degree of tumor differentiation of ovarian cancer tissue were significantly lower than those of the high degree of tumor differentiation of ovarian cancer tissue (0.216 ±0.085 vs.0.457 ±0.124 and 24.22 ± 9.21 vs.46.24 ± 17.52,P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05).The gene and protein expressions of THAP-8 in lymph node metastasis of ovarian cancer tissue were significantly lower than those of no lymph node metastasis of ovarian cancer tissue (0.247 ± 0.087 vs.0.476 ± 0.133 and 23.44 ± 8.57 vs.49.60 ± 18.35,P ＜ 0.01 or ＜0.05).The gene and protein expressions of THAP-8 in clinical TNM pathologic Ⅲ,Ⅳ stage of ovarian cancer tissue were significantly lower than those of Ⅰ,Ⅱ stage of ovarian cancer tissue (0.232 ± 0.114 vs.0.424 ±0.125 and 25.64 ±8.12 vs.44.78 ± 16.84,P ＜0.05).Conclusions The downregulation-expression of THAP-8 has a closed relationship with the development of ovarian cancer.The THAP-8 might be used as a potential marker to assess the degree of rumor grade and prognosis in ovarian cancer.

Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of moral distress among nurses.Methods 252 clinical registered nurses from 3 Grade-3 Level-A hospitals in Jinan were investigated by the Chinese version of Moral Distress Scale-Revised and Job Diagnostic Survey.Results The mean score of MDF was (1.06±0.46) points and the mean score of MDI was (1.05±0.63) points.The total score of MDS-R was (38.86+26.26) points.Futile care was the main source for the high frequency and high intensity of moral distress among nurses.There were significant differences in the level of moral distress among different groups of age,years of nursing experience,first education degree,professional title,position,department,staffing of government affiliated institutions and income.The result of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,first education degree,department,professional title,and the importance of assignment,autonomy,collaboration of work were the influencing factors for moral distress of nurses.Contusions It suggested that nurses should strengthen the study of knowledge about ethics to improve their capacity of ethical decision-making,and nurse managers should pay attention to department management,strengthen the medical cooperation,and improve nurses' job autonomy to improve nurses' capacity of coping and decision-making and reduce the level of moral dilemmas.