Objective To study the characteristics and prognostic analysis of 83 cases of pulmonary infection in elderly patients in emergency department.Methods Thirty-eight elderly patients with pulmonary infection from January 2013 to December 2015 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results The number of neutrophils increased in 56 patients(67.46%), the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio increased in 69 patients(83.13%), and C-reactive protein increased in 74 patients increased(89.16 %).There was significant difference between C-reactive protein detection and neutrophil count(P<0.05).61 cases(73.49%) were complicated with other diseases.While the effect of a single antibiotic treatment is less effective.Conclusion The early symptoms of pulmonary infection in the elderly are easy to ignore, and often associated with other diseases.C-reactive protein, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio combined with lung imaging can be more accurate response to the elderly pulmonary infection.Early detection and early treatment, combined use of antibiotics can improve the prognosis.

Objective To find out about the causes of death of child-bearing women in Shenyang so as to provide basis for the improvement of child-bearing women's reproductive health. Methods A retrospective statistical survey into the death reporting system of Shenyang was conducted and a comparison was made between various age groups of child-bearing women from 1996 to 2000 with regard to the trends of changes in death, the rank order of causes of death and deaths due to malignant tumors. Results From 1996 to 2000, the death rate of child-bearing women in Shenyang was in a state of fluctuation. The case-death ratio in urban areas was 67.24 per 100 thousand people while the case-death ratio in rural areas was 45.97 per 100 thousand. Urban women aged 35 to 49 accounted for most of the deaths among child-bearing women. The rate of death due to cancers in urban areas was markedly higher than that in rural areas. The deaths of child-bearing women due to mammary and reproductive system cancers accounted for one fourths of deaths caused by cancer, with their incidence rate in rural areas being higher than in urban areas. Conclusion More work needs to be done to improve the healthcare of child-bearing women.

Objective To investigate the effects of WeChat follow-up of relatives on knowledge cognition, change of behavior, visual acuity and blood glucose for diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients.Methods Totally 107 typeⅡdiabetic patients from January 2014 to December 2015 in the Department of Endocrinology were enrolled in the study, with the inclusion criteria of 60 years of age and older and diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy. Subjects were divided into the WeChat group (53 cases) and the control group (54 cases) based on the order of enrollment. The control group was given routine care and health education, while the WeChat group was given additional follow-up of relatives through WeChat with distribution of health education messages for the management of DM and DR once each week for 12 months. Questionnaires were used to collect information on patient's knowledge of DR prevention & treatment and behavior change, FBG, PBG, and HbA1c, and visual acuity were also collected to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. Chi-square test was used to compare the patients' cognitive rate, behavioral change and stage of retinopathy. The t-test was used to compare fasting blood glucose, 2 hours postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and visual acuity. Results Cognitive Knowledge change on DR were analyzed for the following questions:the time of the first fundus examination after diagnosis of diabetes and occurrence of systemic complications; what are key measures for prevention of early blindness in patients with DR;fundus checkup requirements while blood glucose control is ideal;types of major eye complications for diabetic patients; when laser treatment should be done for DR patients; how long apart should patients check the fundus;what is the normal range of blood glucose;and the types of server damages of DR;etc. The cognitive rates of WeChat group after follow-up were as follows 88.7%, 67.9%, 56.6%, 96.2%, 79.2%, 67.9%, 69.8%, 94.3%, 75.5%. WeChat group compared with the Control group after follow-up (χ2 values were 16.77, 30.76, 16.30, 7.75, 9.68, 36.03, 9.25, 10.57and 9.41, respectively, all P<0.01), the difference was statistically significant. The results of WeChat group before and after the follow-up were (χ2 values were 19.41, 38.22, 17.90, 8.23, 9.34, 38.22, 21.81, 12.08 and 25.52, respectively, all P<0.01), the difference was statistically significant. The cognitive rate for DR risk factors for the WeChat group was 24.5% before follow-up and 43.4%after follow-up;the after follow-up difference between WeChat group and the Control group was statistically significant (χ2=5.33, P<0.05). WeChat group before and after follow-up comparison (χ2=4.21, P<0.05) was also statistically significant. For values of fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin, results of WeChat group before follow-up were as follows (13.18± 4.46) mmol/L, (16.17 ± 3.97) mmol/L, (10.18 ± 2.76)%;results of WeChat group after follow-up were (8.45 ± 2.26) mmol/L, (11.34 ± 2.34) mmol/L,(7.83 ± 1.40)% respectively. The after follow-up comparison between WeChat group and the Control group showed statistically significant differences (t values were-7.06,-7.30, and-6.37, respectively, all P<0.01). Within the WeChat group, before and after follow-up comparison were all significantly different (t values were 6.83, 7.59 and 5.54, respectively, all P<0.01). The vision of WeChat group before follow-up was 0.68 ± 0.18, after follow-up was 0.71 ± 0.20. There were no significant differences in the two groups after follow-up, before and after follow-up WeChat group, the Control group before and after follow-up about visual acuity comparison (t values were 1.02,-1.10, and 0.57, respectively, all P>0.05). The two groups of patients were compared in balanced diet, regular eating time, meal volume, wearing loose clothing and exercise shoes and socks before each exercise, exercising for more than 30 min, weekly checkup of blood glucose, blood sugar test before and after the exercise and other measurements of behavior changes were significantly different (χ2 values were 11.54, 11.77, 13.68, 5.89, 10.23 and 8.72, respectively, all P<0.01 or 0.05). There were no significant differences in self-withdrawal of medication and Retinopathy stageⅠand stageⅡpatients and between these two patient groups (χ2 values were 1.20, 0.01 and 0.01, respectively, all P>0.05). Conclusions The practice of WeChat follow-up of relatives can improve cognition ability for DR patients aged 60 years and older, it can promote the healthy behavior and the BG monitoring effectively.

Background Measurement of corneal thickness is of great significance for the design of refractive surgery and the diagnosis of eye diseases,measuring equipments and technology develop rapidly in recent years.Optovue iVue OCT is a new frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT),to compare its results with those of Pentacam and Visante OCT is helpful to objectively assess the clinical value of Optovue iVue OCT.Objective This study was to investigate the repeatability of corneal thickness measurement with Optovue iVue OCT and the comparatbility with Pentacam three-dimensional anterior segment analysis diagnostic system and Visante OCT.In addition,this study attempted to analyze the distribution of average corneal thickness in each quadrant by Optovue iVue OCT.Methods The corneal thicknesses of the corneal thinnest point,the central point and 3:00,6:00,9:00,12:00 zones 1 mm away from the center of the cornea were measured in 45 right eyes of 45 subjects with myopia using Optovue iVue OCT,Pentacam and Visante OCT in Tianjin Eye Hospital.Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to analyze the repeatability of measurement by Optovue iVue OCT.The agreements between Optovue iVue OCT and Pentacam or Visante OCT were evaluated by Bland-Altman test.The corneal area of 1.0-2.5 mm away from the center was divided into eight quadrants and the average corneal thickness of each quadrant was measured and analysis with Optovue iVue OCT.Results No significant difference was found in corneal thickness values for 3 times by Optovue iVue OCT (P=0.546).The ICC by Optovue iVue OCT was 99.92％,99.99％,99.96％,99.99％,99.99％ and 99.97％ at the corneal thinnest point,the central point and 3:00,6:00,9:00,12:00 zones respectively.There were significant differences among the 3 kinds of methods (P =0.000,0.001,0.000,0.003,0.002,0.000).The measured values of Optovue iVue OCT were significantly lower mean 24.20 μm than those of Pentacam (P=0.000,0.001,0.000,0.003,0.004,0.000),but only the value at 12:00 zone of Optovue iVue OCT was evidently declined in comparison with that of Visante OCT (P =0.016),there were no significant differences between all the other zones (P =1.000,0.447,0.239,1.000,1.000).While the mean corneal thickness value from Pentacam lowed by 14.01 μm in comparison with Visante OCT,all zones had significant differences (P =0.009,0.005,0.034,0.017,0.008) except the central point (P =0.056).Based on the Optovue iVue OCT,the thinnest zone was at temporal quadrant in 23 eyes (accounting for 51.11％) and at superior quadrant or super nasal quadrant in 21 eyes (both at 46.66％).Conclusions Optovue iVue OCT measurement of corneal thickness is of high repeatability and is consistent with Visante OCT in myopic eye.Optovue iVue OCT shows evident difference from Pentacam in the measurement of corneal thickness.The thinnest point of the cornea is mainly in the inferior temporal quadrant and the thickest point is commonly in superior quadrant and nasal superior quadrant based on Optovue iVue OCT.

Objective To observe the efficacy of continuous ultrasonic wave therapy on post-stroke gastrocnemius spasticity. Methods 26 patients with gastrocnemius spasticity after stroke were randomly divided into ultrasonic group and control group. The stretch therapy was used in the two groups,and the continuous ultrasonic wave therapy was added on ultrasonic group for 4 weeks. The scores of modefied Ashworth scale (mAS),the ratio of Hmax and Mmax,and the fascicle length of gastrocnemius pre and post treatment were observed and compared respectively in the two groups.Results Compared with pre treatment,the score of mAS and the value of Hmax/Mmax in ultrasonic group wrer significantly reduced post treatment(all P

The proper orthogonai decomposition (POD) method for the instatiouary Navier-Stokes equations is considered. Several numerical approaches to evaluating the POD eigenfunctions are presented. The POD eigenfunctions are applied as a basis for a Galerkin projection of the instationary Navier-Stokes equations. And a low-dimensional ordinary differential models for fluid flows governed by the instationary Navier-Stokes equations are constructed. The numerical examples show that the method is feasible and efficient for optimal control of fluids.

Hepcidin are small cationic peptides with antibacterial activity expressed mainly in the liver of living organisms, and they play important roles in the host's immune response against microbial invasion and regulation of iron metabolism. Thus, they are considered to be good substitutes for traditional antibiotics. It is a good choice that the antimicrobial peptides are prepared by recombinant DNA expression. In the present study, two hepcidin mature peptide cDNAs from channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) (mCH) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (mTH) were connected by SOE-PCR in order to obtain more recombinant hepcidin with broad antimicrobial spectrum, and EcoR I and Not I sites were added to 5'- and 3'- ends of the fragment, respectively. The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector "pPIC9K-mCH-mTH" was successfully constructed, and transformed into Pichia pastoris GS115. The transformants containing multicopy gene insertion were selected by using different concentrations of G418 and other specific mediums, and identified by PCR for yeast genomic DNA. Expression was induced by adding 1% methanol at 30 degrees C for different times. Tricine-SDS-PAGE analysis demonstrated that the most appropriate expression time was 72 h, at which a high expression yield (77 mg/L) for the target protein was exhibited. The highly purified target protein was obtained from the fermentation supernatant by SP-Sepharose cation exchange chromatography. Bacteriostatic activity assay demonstrated that the fermentation supernatant containing the target protein and purified recombinant target protein had bacteriostatic activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterium. The present result provides the important initial value for industrial production of hepcidin antimicrobial peptide.
Animals ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Fish Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Fishes ; genetics ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Hepcidins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Pichia ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis

Objective To investigate the effects of probiotics on the occurrence of ovalbumin (OVA) induced food allergy and the regulatory effects on immune function of rat models. Methods Thirty female Brown-Norway rats aged 3 weeks were randomly divided into blank control group,food allergy group and probiotics intervention group(n=10).The levels of serum OVA-IgE and intestinal sIgA were measured by ELISA method.Splenic lymphocytes were isolated and cultured in vitro,and the Treg lymphocyte subgroups in the spleen were analyzed by flow eytometry.The levels of IFN-γ,IL-4 and IL-10 in the supernatant of cultured splenic lymphocytes were measured by ELISA method. Results The serum OVA-IgE level in food allergy group was significantly higher than that in blank control group(P<0.05),while that in probiotics intervention group was significantly lower than that in food allergy group(P<0.05).Compared with food allergy group and blank control group,the level of intestinal sIgA in probiotics intervention group was significantly higher(P<0.05).The percentage of CD4~+CD25~+T lymphoeytes in food allergy group was significantly lower than that in blank contml group(P0.05).The levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in food allergy group were significantly higher than those in blank control group(P<0.05).Probiotics intervention group had significantly lower levels of IL-4,IL-10 and IFN-γ than food allergy group(P<0.05).The ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 in food allergy group was significantly lower than that in blank control group(P<0.05),while that in probiotics intervention group was significantly higher than that in food allergy group(P<0.05). Conclusion Probioties intervention could prevent the occurrence of food allergy in animal models by modulating the Th1/Th2 eytokine balance.

Objective To investigate the rate and the time of generalization from childhood ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG),and the preventive effect of prednisone on the progression of OMG to generalized myasthenia of gravis (GMG).Methods Retrospective study of medical data from 978 childhood patients with OMG and 1359 adult patients with OMG during a follow-up period of 1--28 years (mean 7.5 years) who were diagnosed and treated in Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Medical College from 1977 to 2005.Results The generalized rate of childhood OMG and adult OMG was 13.0% (127/978) and 67.2% (913/1359) respectively (χ2=674.17,P < 0.01).Of 127 childhood OMG patients who had become generalized form,74 patients (58.3%) developed generalized form in the first 2 years from the onset; Of 913 adult OMG patients who had become generalized form,763 patients (83.6%) did (χ2=45.39,P < 0.01) .Of 456 childhood OMG patients treated with prednisone,only 5 patients (1.1%) became generalized form; 0f522 childhood OMG patients never treated with prednisone,122 patients (23.4%) developed the generalized form (χ2=104.9,P < 0.01).Conclusions The rate of generalization of childhood OMG is significantly decreased than that of adult OMG.The frequency of generalization of childhood OMG in the first 2 years from the onset is significantly lowered than adult OMG.Prednisone does reduce the chance of generalization from childhood OMG.

Objective To observe the effect of Sishen Pill on ICAM-1 mRNA and protein expression of colonic mucosa in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC), and identify its mechanism. Methods Taolly 40 SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, Pill group and SASP group. Except the blank group, UC model was prepared with TNBS/ethanol enema. Pill group was given Sishen Pill 5 g/kg, and SASP group was given SASP 0.3 g/kg by gavage, blank group and model group was given the same volume physiological saline for three weeks. Morphological injury of colonic mucosa was observed and scored. ICAM-1 gene and protein expression were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical method. Results Inflammation and ulceration were found on the colonic mucous membrane of rats in the model group. The expression of ICAM-1 gene and protein of colonic tissues of rats in the model group increased compared with that of the blank group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the expression of ICAM-1 in Pill group decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Sishen Pill can decrease the expression of ICAM-1 mRNA and ICAM-1 protein, inhibit the infiltration of inflammation cells, prevent and reduce colon tissue damage, and play a vital role in the treatment of UC.