Objective To explore the effect of progressive active respiratory exercise on the pulmonary function and quality of life of middle-aged and elderly patients after surgery for carcinoma of the esophagus.Methods Forty post-operative middle-aged and elderly patients with carcinoma of esophagus were randomized into 2 groups.The patients in the control group were given conventional thoracic nursing,while those in the experimental group were given 3-step thoracic or abdominal breathing training,breath holding training and respiratory gymnastics training in addition.A lung function test,the 6-min walk test and a 36-item short form health survey (SF-36)were used to evaluate the subjects' pulmonary function,motor ability and quality of life after 3,6 and 12 months of treatment.Results Vital capacity (VC) increased 23％ after training.Forced vital capacity (FVC) increased 16％.Maximal ventilation volume (MVV) increased 15％ and 50％ of forced expiratory flow (FEFS0) and the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide of the lungs (DLCO) increased 30％.Average distance in the 6-minute walk test (6MWD) lengthened from 320 m to 449 m,and the quality of life of the patients in the experimental group improved much more than that of the control group.The average pulmonary function and 6MWD of the control group did not improve significantly with only nursing care.Their average SF-36 scores for physical function,mental health,physical pain,mental role and comprehensive health did,however,improve significantly after treatment.The changes in their role limitation,social function and energy scores were not significant.Conclusion Early and progressive active respiratory exercise can ameliorate lung dysfunction after a thoracic operation,and improve motor ability and quality of life.

Objective:To review the inactivation effect of high-voltage pulsed electric field on microorganism to provid theoretical basis for the further research and sterilization application of high-voltage pulsed electric field. Methods:The combination of high-volt-age pulse electric field, microbiology and pulse electric field as the keywords, the research results of high-voltage pulsed electric field on microbial inactivation in PubMed, CNKI, VIP Chinese journal full text database and Wanfang database during 2010 and 2015 were retrieved, summarized and reviewed. Results:As a non-thermal sterilization technology, high-voltage pulsed electric field not only had the characteristics of short sterilization time, narrow increasing extent of temperature and low energy consumption, but also could keep the original flavor of food. Conclusion:With the development of related technology, high-voltage pulsed electric field is expected to re-alize industrialization.

Objective A method was developed for determination of the total triterpene glycosides in different sea cucumbers.Methods A holostane triterpene glycoside called Echinoside A was taken as the reference standard.Triterpene glycosides were reacted with vanillin and perchloric acid.The sea cucumbers were extracted by 60% ethanol and partitioned between water and n-butanol to gain the total triterpene glycosides.The contents of total triterpene glycosides in 11 kinds of sea cucumbers were determined with the standard curve.And the relationships of the triterpene glycosides content among different sea cucumber species,growth environment,process technique,etc.were discussed by the value of TG/P(triterpene glycosides content /protein content).Results The determination wavelength was confirmed to be 560nm and the standard curve was determined as y-1.3414x-0.0077.The ab-sorbance was of a good linearity in the mass range of 0-0.5mg with R2 =0.9994.The recovery of this method was(99.01?2.82)% and the relative standard deviation was 4.68%.Conclusion The method has been proved to be convenient,reliable and suitable for the analysis of triterpene glycosides in sea cucumbers.

Objective To study the Dai medicine Yapa Tang inhibition on mice Lewis lung carcinoma growth and metastasis,and to explore the impact of the drug on mice immune function. Methods Subcutaneous injection LLC(Lewis lung carcinoma cells)in C57BL/6 mice’s right armpit was to establish rat models. 60 successful tumor-bearing mice were selected and thenafter inoculating LLC were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely the control group,Yapa Tang low-dose group,Yapa Tang mid-dose group, Yapa Tang high-dose group,cyclophosphamide group and Yapa Tang mid-dose combining cyclophosphamide group.Then,after inoculated 3 days,each group was administrated with medicines.The first four groups wereintragastricly administrated with 0.9% saline, low-dose, mid-dose and high-dose Yapa Tang with0.4ml respectively;the cyclophosphamide group was administrated with cyclophosphamide,and Yapa Tang mid-dose combining cyclophosphamide group was administrated with middle dose Yapa Tang and cyclophosphamide. After 21days, blood was taken from eyeballs. Tumor tissue, spleen, thymus were gotten and weighted to calculate inhibitory rate,spleen and thymus index, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) was adopted to detect Interleukin-2(IL-2), Interleukin-10(IL-10)and their contents. Results The tumor weight of Yapa Tang high-dose group, cyclophosphamide group and Yapa Tang mid-dose combining cyclophosphamide group was 3.46±0.39, 2.39±1.04 and 2.30±0.76 respectively,all lower than the control group, which was 5.21±0.50, showing significant difference(P<0.05), with the inhibition rate were33.69%, 54.12%, 56.00%. The thymus and spleen index of Yapa Tang low-dose group, middle-dose group and high-dose group was2.16±0.69, 2.24± 0.76, 2.23 ± 0.63, 16.82 ± 3.14, 15.82 ± 1.72, 17.08 ± 3.65, significantly higher than that of the control group,which was1.94±0.6, 15.17±3.53. The IL-2, IL-10 level of control group were(883.54±181.49)ng/L, (1 106.86±343.79)ng/L. Yapa Tanggroupsshowed an increase in IL-2(1 732.29±100.52)ng/L, (1 813.33± 168.32)ng/L, (2 275.63 ± 394.76)ng/L and the decrease in level of IL-10, respectively were(834.02 ± 271.97)ng/L, (636.83±270.56)ng/L, (682.08±147.85)ng/L, with significant difference. Conclusion Yapa Tang can inhibit lewis lung cancer grow and reduce the number of lung metastases, regulate immune cytokines IL-2 and IL-10, and promote the immunity of tumor-bearing mice.

Objective To evaluate the prevalence of depression and anxiety in the middle and elderly patients with chest pain from department of emergency.Methods Totally 1200 patients suffering from chest pain were enrolled from July 2009 to August 2009.All patients were scored by self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self evaluation anxious scale (SAS).Results 383 cases of 912 patients(42.0％) with coronary heart disease (CAD) and 58 of 288 patients (20.1％) without CAD had depression,with a statistically significant difference (x2 =44.98,P=0.002).Odds ratio (OR) for CAD in patients with depression was 2.5,with 95 ％ confidence interval (CI) of 1.0-5.0 (P ＜0.05).Conclusions There is high prevalence of depression and anxiety as independent risk factors for CAD.

Objective To evaluate the effect of sofren injection on acute lung injury (ALI) in septic mice.Methods Ninety-six pathogen-free made Kunming mice,aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 30-35 g,were divided into 4 groups (n =24 each) using a randon number table:sham operation group (group Sham),ALI group,vehicle group (group Vehicle) and sofren injection group (group Sofren).Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture.In Vehicle and Sofren groups,double distilled water and sofren injection 4 ml/kg were intraperitoneally injected,respectively,after the model was established,followed by repeated admninistration once every 12 h.At 12,24 and 48 h after operation,the animals were sacrificed and lungs were removed for mnicroscopic examination and for determination of wet to dry weight ratio (W/D ratio),malondialdehyde (MDA) content,superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity,and contents of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in lung tissues (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).The lung injury score (LIS) was calculated after haematoxylin and eosin staining.Results Compared with group Sham,the LIS,W/D ratio and contents of MDA,TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased,and the SOD activity was decreased at each time point in ALI and Vehicle groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group ALI,the LIS,W/D ratio and contents of MDA,TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased,and the SOD activity was increased at each time point in group Sofren (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in each parameter mentioned above in group Vehicle (P＞0.05).Conclusion Sofren injection can attenuate ALI in septic mice.

Objective:To develop an HPLC with gradient elution method for the determination of loteprednol etabonate and the re-lated substances in loteprednol etabonate and tobramycin compound ophthalmic suspension. Methods:HPLC with gradient elution was performed with Inertsil ph phenyl column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase A and B was 0. 25% acetic acid solution-acetonitrile (80 ∶20) and acetonitrile, respectively. The flow rate was 2. 0 ml·min-1 and the detection wavelength was 244 nm. The column temperature was 30 ℃ and the injection volume was 20 μl. Results:The main ingredient and the related substances could be well separated. Loteprednol etabonate had a good linear relationship within the range of 0. 001-1. 02 mg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9), and the average recovery was 99. 9%(RSD=0. 9, n=9). Conclusion:The assay method is sensitive, accurate and convenient with good res-olution. It can be applied to control the quality of loteprednol etabonate and tobramycin compound ophthalmic suspension.

Boronic acids and their derivatives have been widely used in carbohydrate-sensitive materials because they can selectively bind 1,2-and 1,3-diol compounds, including sugars, to form cyclic boronate esters. In this work, pheylboronic acid ( PBA) moieties were grafted onto the backbone of poly( acrylic acid) ( PAA) through the condensation reaction between aminopheyl-boronic acid and carboxylic acid group of PAA in the presence of EDC/NHS, designed as PAA-PBA. Then the resulting PAA-PBA were assembled with poly ( ethyleneimine) ( PEI) to form PAA-PBA multilayer films. The sensing performance of the PEI/PAA-PBA film to carbohydrate (> 50 μg/mL ) , including glucose, fructose, mannose and galactose, has been investigated by combination of the complementary techniques of quartz crystal microbalance ( QCM ) and atomic force microscopy ( AFM) . It was demonstrated that the multilayer showed higher sensitivity to fructose than glucose, mannose and galactose. The interferences of ascorbic acid, uric acid and dopamine to the recognition of glucose can be avoided and the multilayer sensor with excellent long term stability can be recycled by changing pH value of buffer solutions. This system may be potential in realization of high selectivity and high sensitivity sensing system for probing carbohydrate.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) and stromal cell de-rived factor-1 (SDF-1) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and adjacent tissues, and to provide the basis for clinical diagno-sis and prognosis evaluation. Methods The expressions of TFF3 and SDF-1 proteins in PTC and adjacent tissues were de-tected by immunohistochemical SP method. The relationship between expressions of TFF3, SDF-1 and clinicopathological features was analyzed. Results (1) The positive rate and the expression level of TFF3 protein were significantly higher in PTC than those in adjacent tissues, which were higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than those in patients without lymph nodes metastasis, and were higher in PTC patients of stageⅢ/Ⅳthan those in patients of stageⅠ/Ⅱ(P＜0.05). The strong positive rate of TFF3 protein in stageⅢ/Ⅳof PTC patients was higher than that in stageⅠ/Ⅱ(P＜0.01). (2) The posi-tive rate and the expression level of SDF-1 protein were significantly higher in PTC than those in adjacent tissues, which were higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than those in patients without lymph nodes metastasis, and were higher in PTC patients of stageⅢ/Ⅳthan those in patients of stageⅠ/Ⅱ, and were significantly higher in patients over 45 years old than those of patients≤45 years old (P＜0.05). (3) There was a positive correlation between expression levels of TFF3 and SDF-1 proteins in PTC (r=0.266,P＜0.05). Conclusion The higher expressions of TFF3 and SDF-1 in PTC were closely correlated with carcinogenesis and progression, which may play a significant value in judging the malignant degree and pro-gression of PTC.

Objective To determine the frequency of T helper type 22 (Th22) cells and expression level of interleukin-22 (IL-22) in peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis vulgaris,and to investigate their relationship with disease severity and clinical course.Methods Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 40 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 30 healthy human controls.Five-color flow cytometry was performed to determine the percentage of Th22 cells in peripheral blood,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the expression of serum IL-22.Statistical analysis was carried out by t test and Pearson correlation analysis.Results Both the percentage of Th22 cells and serum level of IL-22 in peripheral blood were significantly higher in patients with psoriasis vulgaris than in healthy human controls (Th22 cells:0.65％ ± 0.48％ vs.0.33％ ± 0.15％,t =3.89,P ＜ 0.01; IL-22:(67.96 ± 14.32) vs.(40.59 ± 9.91) ng/L,t =9.45,P ＜ 0.01).Further more,Th22 cell percentage and IL-22 serum level in peripheral blood were both positively correlated with psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) in these patients (r =0.38,0.94,P ＜ 0.05 and 0.01,respectively),but neither of them correlated with clinical course of psoriasis vulgaris (r =0.20,0.10,respectively,both P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The percentage of Th22 cells and level of IL-22 are increased in peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis vulgaris,and both of them are correlated with disease severity.