Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is one of the most common malignant tumors of the head and neck.The therapies for nasopharyngeal carcinoma include the following aspects:conventional radiotherapy,chemotherapy,surgery and molecular target therapy,etc.The combined chemo-radiotherapy and molecular target therapy has gradually become the hotspot therapy for NPC.

Thymidine kinase 1 (TK1),an enzyme of the pyrimidine remedial pathway,can catalyze phosphorylation of thymidine to thymidine monophosphate.It is closely related to cell cycle regulation and cell proliferation.A number of experiments show that TK1 can be used for physical examination,tumor screening,routine testing,effect monitoring and prognosis evaluation,which is considered to be a sensitive and useful marker for human tumor growth.

Objective To test the reliability and validity of Chinese version of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Self-Efficacy Scale.Methods The Chinese version of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Self-Efficacy Scale was developed based on strict principle of translation,back-translation,expert consultation and preliminary test.The reliability and validity were tested among 196 inflammatory bowel disease patients.Results The Chinese version of scale had a total of 29 items.The coefficient of Cronbach's α was 0.899～ 0.973,and the coefficient of the Guttman spit half was 0.825～0.917.Factor analysis indicated that the cumulative proportion of 4 principal components reached 78.1％.Conclusions The Chinese version of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Self-Efficacy Scale has been proved to be reliable and valid.It can be used as a valid tool for the measurement of self-efficacy of Chinese inflammatory bowel disease patients.

0.05). Conclusion The present method has many advantages such as simplicity of operation,rapidity,better accuracy for the accurate quantitative analysis of urinary manganese.

Objective:To explore the impact of childcare burden on satisfaction level of the elderly medical demand in family,in order to provide the basis for policy making to realize healthy aging.Methods:Based on CFPS(China family panel studies) data,using OLS and quantile regression to conduct quantitatively study on the impact of children's dependency ratio on medical expenses for the elderly.Results:The estimates of children's dependency ratio's coefficients were significantly negative,while their absolute values presented a tendency of increasing with the increase of quantile.It showed that the crowding-out effect of childcare burden on medical expenses for the elderly was in existence.The higher medical expensed,the stronger the crowding-out effected.Conclusion:Childcare burden impacted the satisfaction level of the elderly medical demand,especially for the elderly often sick or suffering from a serious illness,whose medical demand would be even greater.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for standardizing dispensing and use of intravenous drug. METHODS:266 piec-es of intravenous drug instructions were collected in PIVAS of our hospital,and then the labeling information were statistically ana-lyzed,including dispensing method,diluted or dissolved solvent before preparation and storage time after preparation. RESULTS:Among 266 intravenous drug instructions,there were 45 kinds of finished product infusion varieties and 221 kinds of drugs needing to be prepared. Among these,there were only 30 pieces of drug instructions with labeling dispensing method,accounting for 13.57%;195 pieces of drug instructions stated solvent for dilution and 22 stated solvent for dissolution before preparation,account-ing for 88.24% and 19.13%;69 pieces of drug instructions stated storage time,accounting for 31.22%. CONCLUSIONS:The la-bel information of dispensing method and storage time in intravenous drug instructions is markedly insufficient or not clear. Drug ad-ministration departments are suggested to strengthen the instruction standardization management. Meanwhile,manufacturers should specify the relevant information in intravenous drug instructions.

AIM: To study the expressions and significance of stem cell factor(SCF) and tyrosine kinase receptor(KIT) in neurons after cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury.METHODS: Western blotting was used to examine the expression of SCF and KIT in the cortex after cerebral ischemia and oxygen glucose deprivation(OGD) neurons,then the OGD neurons preincubated with SCF and SCF-Ab were assessed the cell viability by MTT to determine its significance.RESULTS: ①Compared to control group,the expressions of M-SCF and S-SCF in cortex increased markedly while KIT decreased significantly in ipsilateral hemisphere.However,no obvious change in the contraleteral hemisphere was observed.②Compared to control group,the levels of S-SCF and M-SCF were increased significantly in the OGD neurons while KIT was not obvious changed.③The cell viability of OGD neurons decreased significantly.Preincubation with SCF inhibited cell damage while SCF-Ab deteriorated OGD injury.CONCLUSION: The expression of SCF may be induced by cerebral ischemia reperfusion,which can protect the neurons from ischemia injury.

Objective To research the immunologic reaction and the potential of chemically extracted acellular nerve allograft(CEANA) to repair peripheral nerve defects in primates. Methods Adult SD rats were used as nerve donors and adult male Wistar rats used as nerve recipient hosts. 25 mm long nerve segments were excised from SD rats' sciatic nerves. The nerve segments were decellularized via an improved chemical decelluarization treatment as follows: 1) nerve segments were rinsed with cold sterile Ringer's solution; 2)stabilized by pinning the ends to a thin plastic support, and submerged in 4% Triton-100 solution 12 h; 3)soaked into 72 mM sodium deoxycholate for 12 h; 4)washed in distilled water for 6 h. The procedures were repeated once again. Median nerve segments were obtained from macaques and decellularized according to above procedures. The CEANA from SD rats were implanted into Wistar rats subcutanously. The control group was implantation of fresh nerve allografts from SD rats. The immunogenicity of acellular nerve allograft was tested by immunohistochemical examination of the intensity of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells that infiltrated the allografts. Median nerve defects for 5 cm were created in three macaques. CEANA were interposed across the gap. The CEANA were anastomosed microsurgically to the epineurium of proximal and distal stumps. Results The number of CD3, CD4 and CD8 positive lymphocytes infiltration in CEANA was far lower than that in the control group of fresh nerve allografts at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after implantation. There was no significant evidence of inflammatory in the CEANA grafted group. In the experiment of nerve regeneration of macaques, electromyographic activity was recorded across the allografts. The conduction velocity of regenerated nerve was (40.5?6.8) m/s. Regenerated axons sprouted from the proximal portion reached the distal portion of the grafts, and Schwann cells were also present in the central portion of the CEANA. Motor end-plates were observed in reinnervated muscles. Conclusion The immunogenicity that would have initiated cell-mediated immunological rejection of CEANA are removed. The implantation of CEANA could repair the defect of median nerve 5 cm long in the arm 5 months postoperatively. The CEANA as a type of substitute of nerve autografts has the potential to repair peripheral nerve defects in primates.

0.05), whereas the value of new bone grafted with pDBM was significantly lower than that of the normal group (P0.05); but the CUS of the pDBM grafted group was significantly lower than that of normal radius (P0.05). Histological analysis exhibited that most of the DBM was absorbed and substituted by matured new cortical bone in the treated defects of both groups 6 weeks postoperatively, whereas in the untreated group, the defects were only filled with fibrous connective tissue in their mid-portion. Conclusion The sDBM and pDBM are both effective in repairing segmental bone defects. The properties of new bone induced by grafts with sDBM are superior to that of pDBM in biomechanics. These materials can be used in clinical practice as bone graft extenders or enhancers.

Classification,toxicity and determination method progress especially the pretreatment and limit of quantitation of beauvericin (BEA) and 4 main kinds of enniatins (ENNs) including enniatins A (ENA),enniatins A1 (ENA1),enniatins B (ENB) and enniatins B1 (ENB1) in food were introduced.The contamination levels of BEA,4 kinds of ENNs and their co-occurrence mycotoxins in food from Spain,Morocco,Italy,Japan and some other countries were analyzed.Establishment of high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) determination method for the complex food matrix was suggested.