This paper summarized nursing points for caring 23 cases undergoing pediatric heart transplantation,including:characteristics of accessing and protection of hearts,collaboration in pediatric heart transplantation,nursing of capacity management,temperature controlling,extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and delayed sternal closure during surgeries.The average length of hospitalization for 23 cases was 24.5±8.3 days,1 case died from primary graft failure after 19 months,the rest of 22 cases survived,and cardiac function recovered to NYHA class Ⅰ-Ⅱ.

0.05);the frequencies of IFN-? gene +874 site T and A allele showed significant difference between case group and control group(P0.05).Conclusion T allele of IFN? gene+874 site might have a relationship with generation of ovarian cancer,TT genotype might be susceptibility genotype for ovarian cancer.

Background Measurement of corneal thickness is of great significance for the design of refractive surgery and the diagnosis of eye diseases,measuring equipments and technology develop rapidly in recent years.Optovue iVue OCT is a new frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT),to compare its results with those of Pentacam and Visante OCT is helpful to objectively assess the clinical value of Optovue iVue OCT.Objective This study was to investigate the repeatability of corneal thickness measurement with Optovue iVue OCT and the comparatbility with Pentacam three-dimensional anterior segment analysis diagnostic system and Visante OCT.In addition,this study attempted to analyze the distribution of average corneal thickness in each quadrant by Optovue iVue OCT.Methods The corneal thicknesses of the corneal thinnest point,the central point and 3:00,6:00,9:00,12:00 zones 1 mm away from the center of the cornea were measured in 45 right eyes of 45 subjects with myopia using Optovue iVue OCT,Pentacam and Visante OCT in Tianjin Eye Hospital.Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to analyze the repeatability of measurement by Optovue iVue OCT.The agreements between Optovue iVue OCT and Pentacam or Visante OCT were evaluated by Bland-Altman test.The corneal area of 1.0-2.5 mm away from the center was divided into eight quadrants and the average corneal thickness of each quadrant was measured and analysis with Optovue iVue OCT.Results No significant difference was found in corneal thickness values for 3 times by Optovue iVue OCT (P=0.546).The ICC by Optovue iVue OCT was 99.92％,99.99％,99.96％,99.99％,99.99％ and 99.97％ at the corneal thinnest point,the central point and 3:00,6:00,9:00,12:00 zones respectively.There were significant differences among the 3 kinds of methods (P =0.000,0.001,0.000,0.003,0.002,0.000).The measured values of Optovue iVue OCT were significantly lower mean 24.20 μm than those of Pentacam (P=0.000,0.001,0.000,0.003,0.004,0.000),but only the value at 12:00 zone of Optovue iVue OCT was evidently declined in comparison with that of Visante OCT (P =0.016),there were no significant differences between all the other zones (P =1.000,0.447,0.239,1.000,1.000).While the mean corneal thickness value from Pentacam lowed by 14.01 μm in comparison with Visante OCT,all zones had significant differences (P =0.009,0.005,0.034,0.017,0.008) except the central point (P =0.056).Based on the Optovue iVue OCT,the thinnest zone was at temporal quadrant in 23 eyes (accounting for 51.11％) and at superior quadrant or super nasal quadrant in 21 eyes (both at 46.66％).Conclusions Optovue iVue OCT measurement of corneal thickness is of high repeatability and is consistent with Visante OCT in myopic eye.Optovue iVue OCT shows evident difference from Pentacam in the measurement of corneal thickness.The thinnest point of the cornea is mainly in the inferior temporal quadrant and the thickest point is commonly in superior quadrant and nasal superior quadrant based on Optovue iVue OCT.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of multidisciplinary team (MDT) assessment for chronic constipation.Methods The clinical characteristics of 346 patients with chronic constipation who were admitted to the Third Peolep's Hospital of Hangzhou from January 2010 to December 2013 were multidisciplinarily assessed.The muhidisciplinary team was involved surgeons from the department of colorectal surgery,urology,gynecology,psychiatry and psychology,and tools including questionnaires,defecography,anorectal manometry,colon transit study,urodynamic tests,gynecological examination were applied in the study.The measurement data with normal distribution were presented as (x) ± s,the comparison between groups was analyzed using the ANOVA,and the count data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results Three hundred and forty-six patients who met criteria of this research were selected,including 86 males and 260 females with the ratio of 1 ∶ 3;the mean age was (55 ± 11)years.Of the 346 patients,slow transit constipation accounted for 7.52％ (26/346),defecatory disorder for 60.98％ (211/346),and mixed constipation for 31.50％ (109/346).A total of 93.85％ female patients (244/260) had anterior rectocele,75.43％ (261/346) patients had internal rectal mucosal prolapse,66.76％ (231/346) patients had perineum descending,23.99％ (83/346) had achalasia or inappropriate contraction of internal anal sphincter,18.79％ (65/346) had puborectalis rectocele muscle thickening,5.49％ (19/346) had rectal prolapse.A total of 82.37％ (285/346) patients were involved in other subjects than colorectal surgery.A total of 28.61％ (99/346) patients presented with urinary symptoms,including 65 cases with stress urinary incontinence,23 cases with unstable bladder and 19 cases with bladder neck obstruction (some patients had multiple urological systoms).The incidence of reproductive organ prolapse in female patients was 31.92％ (83/260),the incidence of uterine prolapse and anterior vaginal prolapse were 26.15％ (68/260) and 29.23％ (76/260),respectively.Patients with anxiety and/or depression accounted for 36.13％ (125/346).The male and female patients of slow transit constipation,defecatory constipation and mixed constipation were 10 vs 16,30 vs 79,46 vs 165,respectively,the age was 60 ± 12,56 ± 11,52 ± 10,showing no significant differences (x2=4.046,F =2.877,P ＞ 0.05).In the three kinds of constipation,patients with urinary diseases accounted for 26.92％ (7/26),26.61％ (29/109) and 29.86％ (63/211),patients with gynecological diseases accounted for 11.54％ (3/26),20.18％ (22/109),27.49％ (58/211),patients with psychological diseases accounted for 38.46％ (10/26),39.45％ (43/109),34.12％ (72/211),respectively,showing no significant difference (x2=4.090,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion MDT assessment for patients with chronic constipation can reflect comprehensively clinical characteristics of chronic constipation,therefore multidisciplinary team should be emphasized in clinical diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of three-dimensional ultrasound parameters-vascularity index (VI) and the volume of kidney in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods A total of 80 CKD patients at different stages and 30 healthy adults were enrolled in the study. VI and the renal volume were calculated with three-dimensional ultrasound, while resistance index (RI), cortical thickness (CT) and the volume of kidney were calculated with two-dimensional ultrasound, and the correlation of those parameters were analyzed statistically. Results VI of CKD2 patients reduced significantly compared with the control group, and RI of CKD3 patients increased significantly, CT of CKD3 patients reduced significantly. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic value of VI in patients with early and late CKD were all higher than thpse of RI. Compared with the control group, three-dimensional ultrasound of renal volume and two-dimensional ultrasound volume of CKD 1 patients increased significantly, three-dimensional ultrasound volume of CKD2 patients reduced significantly, and two-dimensional ultrasound volume of CKD4 patients reduced significantly. There was significant negative correlation among VI, three-dimensional ultrasound volume, CT, two-dimensional ultrasound volume and pathological change scoring (r=-0.67, -0.52, -0.43, -0.52). Conclusion VI and three-dimensional ultrasound volume can detect renal function damage more earlier and sensitively than RI and two-dimensional ultrasound volume.

Objective To investigate the distribution and expression of trefoil factor 3(TFF3) in the eosinophilic cells and basophilic cells in the pars distalis of the rat pituitary .Methods The immunohistochemiscal staining technique was used to show the coexpression of TFF3/growth hormone (GH),TFF3/prolactin (PRL),TFF3/thyrotroph (TSH), TFF3/adrenocorticotropin (ACTH),TFF3/follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),TFF3/luteinizing hormone (LH) in two contiguous slices .Results The immunoreactive products of TFF 3 and chromophil cells were brown granules , mainly expressed in cytoplasm .ACTH positive signals were expressed in the cell membrane and mainly located in the pars distalis hypophyseos.TFF3 existed in parts of GH,PRL,TSH,ACTH,FSH and LH cells in contiguous slices, accounting for 19.4%, 22.4%, 9.2%, 6.5%, 35.7%, 8.3%, respectively , in which FSH was the most , PRL and GH were less . Conclusion TFF3 expresses in GH, PRL, TSH, ACTH, FSH, and LH cells in the pars distalis , which enriches the morphological data for the location of TFF 3 in gland cells of pars distalis hypophyseos .

OBJECTIVE:To prepare nicotine-?-CD inclusion compound and evaluate its quality.METHODS:The inclusion complex was prepared by saturated water solution method,and the preparation conditions were optimized by orthogonal test with the ratio of nicotine to?-CD(A),the inclusion temperature(B),the inclusion time(C)as factors and with the inclusion rate and the yield as indexes for evaluation.The formation of the inclusion complexes were verified by inclusion equilibrium constant analysis and its dissolution characteristics in vitro were investigated.The stability of nicotine-?-CD inclusion compound and the mixture of nicotine and?-CD were studied by conducting high-temperature,high humidity and high light tests.RESULTS:The optimum preparation conditions for the inclusion compound were established as:A was 1:3, B was 60℃and C was 2 hours.The inclusion rate of nicotine reached 65.28%;the yield was 79.55%,and the slow-release rate at 150 min was 92.26%.Under different temperature,humidity and high light conditions,the content of nicotine was always significantly higher in the inclusion complex than in the mixture.CONCLUSIONS:The inclusion technology is simple and the conditions were easily controllable,and the prepared nicotine-?-CD inclusion compound enjoys good stability and sustained-release property.

Objective:To compare the fit of Co-Cr basal crowns fabricated by three kinds of technology. Methods:18 laser cured resin dies were divided into A, B and C groups(n=6) randomly. Co-Cr basal crowns of group A, B and C were made by traditional casting technology, CAD/CAM cutting metal technology and direct metal laser sintering technology( DMLS) respectively. The crowns were cemented to the corresponding dies and the basal crowns and dies were embedded in methyl acrylic. The thickness of the cement layer of the samples was measured under a stero microscope. Data were analyzed with SPSS13. 0 statistical software. Results:Marginal gap of group A, B and C was (66.08 ±3.90) μm, (29.21 ±3.31) μm and (24.96 ±2.99) μm respectively(P<0.01). Internal gap of group A, B and C was (114. 10 ± 27. 66) μm, (73. 69 ± 31. 31) μm and (79. 89 ± 33. 63) μm respectively(A vs B or C, P<0. 01, B vs C, P>0. 05). Conclusion:DMLS technology may make the best marginal fit, CAD/CAM and DMLS technology may pro-duce better internal fit. The marginal fit and the internal fit of the crowns prepared by the 3 methods can meet the clinical requirements.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of advanced glycation end products(AGEs) on apoptosis of cultured mouse spiral ganglion cells(SGCs) and expression of receptor of AGEs(RAGE). To explore the pathway of AGEs in promoting apoptosis of SGCs. And to explore the possible mechanism of neural presbycusis. METHODS The effect of AGEs on apoptosis of SGCs was studied by Tunel technique and fluorescence microscope. The expression of RAGE mRNA was assayed by Real time RT-PCR. RESULTS AGEs induced apoptosis of cultured SGCs. The effects were dose-dependent and time-dependent. Meanwhile RAGE mRNA expression was enhanced in apoptosis cells. CONCLUSION AGEs induced apoptosis in SGCs,which may be mediated by RAGE. And this may be one of the mechanisms of neural presbycusis.

Objective To study the wavelet entropy of intracranial electrode recording electroencephalogram (EEG) during the seizure onset,and explore the prospect of applying it for automatic detection of EEG.Methods Twenty-eight seizure events of 9 epilepsy patients whose outcome were Engel class Ⅰ were retrospective analyzed,by comparing the pre-ictal,initial ictal and ictal wavelet energy entropy variations of both seizure onset zone (SOZ) contacts and non-SOZ contacts.Results The wavelet energy entropy of SOZ contacts increased from pre-ictal (0.053 ± 0.047 ) to initial ictal (0.326 ± 0.250),while it declined during the ictal (0.138 ± 0.097,F =30.904,P =0.000).There was no obvious change of the wavelet energy entropy of non-SOZ contacts in different periods.By further applying time-window wavelet entropy to the detection of intracranial EEG,the results showed that the time-window wavelet energy entropy could be sensitive to reflect the seizure onset time and electrodes.Conclusion The wavelet energy entropy of contacts inside SOZ increased significantly at scizurc onset,and this conclusion can be used to assist in presurgical localization of epilepsy.