The existence of stern/progenitor cells in the endometrium was postulated many years ago,but the first functional evidence was published in 2004.The study of endometrial stem/progenitor cells had opened up an active field in the subsequent 10 years.Human endometrium has immense regenerative capacity and bilayer structure,in which the upper functionalis is shed at menses and regenerates from the remaining basalis in the subsequent cycle,these characteristics had been the motivation for investigators to identify and characterize endometrial stem/progenitor cell populations.The discovery of specific markers for endometrial stem/progenitor cells has enabled the examination of their role in endometrial proliferative disorders,including endometriosis,adenomyosis and Asherman's syndrome.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis of Crohn's disease(CD)in Ruijin hospital of School of Medicine of Shanghai Jiaotong University according to the criteria made by World Health Organization(WHO)and Chinese Medical Association.Methods The consecutive patients with CD diagnosed in Ruijin hospital between 1998 and 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical manifestation.endoscopic,radiologic and pathologic findings of all patients were re-evaluated accordingto the diagnostic criteria of CD proposed by WHO and Chinese Medical Association in 2007.The diagnostic level of CD was assessed.Results Only 5 and 10 patients were confirmed to be well consistent with the criteria of WHO and Chinese Medical Association,respectively.Two hundred and thirty-six patients were confirmed as suspected diagnosis to the criteria of Chinese Medical Association and 20 patients to WHO.The level of endoscopic diagnosis was raised,wherease the level ofpathologic diagnosis was decreased in recent years compared with that before 2004.Conclusion The pathologic diagnosis rate of CD is still at a low level.The current diagnostic level of CD is lagging behind the demand of the guidelines.

Objective To study the effects of long-term use of simvastatin on mechanical ventilation induced lung injury.Methods Forty SPF adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into four groups (n =10,each):normal saline (NS) control group (group A),mechanical ventilation group (group B),simvastatin control group (group C),and simvastatin + mechanical ventilation group (group D).The rats in groups C and D were treated with simvastatin dissolved in 1 mL NS by gavage with a dose of 10 mg/kg,and the rats in groups A and B were treated with the same volume of NS by gavage for 28 days.Half an hour after the last garage,the rats in groups B and D underwent tracheostomy and intubation for 4 hours,and then received a tidal volume of 30 mL/kg with the respiratory frequency of 40 times/min,inspiratory:expiratory ratio of 1:3,and the rats in groups A and C received tracheostomy and intubation,spontaneous breathing for 4 hours.Four hours later rats were sacrificed by abdominal aorta bloodletting,and the lung tissue was harvested for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining to observe pathological changes under light microscope.The activity of malondialdehyde (MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD),and myeloperoxidase (MPO) was determined.The lung wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) and white blood cell (WBC) count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined.The levels of interleukins-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in BALF were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results Under light microscope,the structure of lung tissue was integrity in groups A and C without obvious edema and inflammatory cells aggregation;the pathological changes in lung tissue in group B was obvious;and the alveolar structure was clear in group D,pulmonary edema and inflammatory cells aggregation were significantly reduced as compared with those of group B.Compared with group A,SOD activity in group B was significantly decreased (U/g:17.97±2.27 vs.28.51 ±4.58,P ＜ 0.01),while MDA,MPO,lung W/D ratio and WBC,IL-6,TNF-α in BALF were significantly increased [MDA (μmol/g):5.40 ± 0.71 vs.3.56 ± 0.55,MPO (U/g):1.26±0.29 vs.0.68±0.12,lung W/D ratio:6.60±0.99 vs.4.84±0.26,WBC (× 109/L):6.59±0.82 vs.2.35±1.31,IL-6 (ng/L):207.11± 18.67 vs.123.17±20.15,TNF-o (ng/L):421.38±36.27 vs.207.15±44.39,all P ＜ 0.01].Compared with group B,SOD activity in group D was significantly increased (U/g:22.05±2.45 vs.17.97±2.27,P ＜ 0.05),MDA,MPO,lung W/D ratio,and WBC,IL-6,TNF-α in BALF were significantly decreased [MDA (μmol/g):3.77±0.55 vs.5.40±0.71,MPO (U/g):0.96±0.14 vs.1.26±0.29,lung W/D ratio:5.16±0.42 vs.6.60±0.99,WBC (× 109/L):3.18± 1.24 vs.6.59±0.82,IL-6 (ng/L):147.90±21.70 vs.207.11 ± 18.67,TNF-α (ng/L):237.16±50.83vs.421.38 ± 36.27,all P ＜ 0.01].There were no significant difference in all parameters between group C and group A.Conclusion The long-term simvastatin treatment could significantly reduce lung injury induced by mechanical ventilation in rats,and its mechanism was related with simvastatin reduced oxidation-antioxidant imbalance and the inflammatory cytokines activity changes.

AIM: To establish a novel method for the overall quality control of Fructus Gardeniae by HPLC digitized fingerprint and its normalization. METHODS: The chromatographic fingerprints were obtained by injecting 5 ?L of the sample solution each time on a Century SIL C_ 18 BDS column (20 cm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) with the gradient elution solvent system composed of 1% acetate acid-water and 1% acetate acid- acetonitrile. The flow rate was 1.0 mL /min, the column temperature was maintained at (30?0.15)℃ and the detection wavelength was set at 265 nm. The chromatographic fingerprints were evaluated by the digitized parameters, such as the chromatographic fingerprint index (F), quantitative similarity, etc,. The influence of big peak on similarity was elaborated by direction cosines, and its cancellation was achieved by the qualitative similarity of peak area ratio. RESULTS: 35 co-possessing peaks were selected as the fingerprint peaks of Fructus Gardeniae by taking Geniposide peak as the reference peak. The HPLC digitized fingerprint and its normalization were implemented. CONCLUSION: This method with good precision and reproducibility can be useful in the quality control of Fructus Gardeniae.

Objective To evaluate the effect of long-term use of simvastatin on aquaporin 5 (AQP5) expression in a rat model of ventilator-induced lung injury.Methods Thirty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 250-280 g, were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table: control group (group C), simvastatin group (group Sim), mechanical ventilation group (group MV) and simvastatin + mechanical ventilation group (group SMV).In C and Sim groups, normal saline 1 ml/d and simvastatin 10 mg · kg-1 · d-1 were injected, respectively, through a gastric tube into stomach for 4 weeks, and then the rats were tracheostomized, and mechanically ventilated, and the animals kept spontaneous breathing for 4 h.In MV and SMV groups, normal saline 1 ml/d and simvastatin 10 mg · kg-1 · d-1were injected, respectively, through a gastric tube into stomach for 4 weeks, and then the rats were tracheostomized, and mechanically ventilated (tidal volume 50 ml/kg) for 4 h.The rats were then sacrificed, and lungs were removed for determination of wet to dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio), activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) content,and expression of AQP5 protein and mRNA in lung tissues, and for microscopic examination of pathological changes.Results Compared with group C, the W/D ratio, MPO activity, and MDA content were significantly increased, the SOD activity was decreased, and the expression of AQP5 protein and mRNA was down-regulated in group MV (P＜0.01).Compared with group MV, the W/D ratio, MPO activity, and MDA content were significantly decreased, the SOD activity was increased, and the expression of AQP5 protein and mRNA was up-regulated in group SMV (P＜0.01).The pathological changes of lungs were significantly mitigated in group SMV as compared with group MV.Conclusion Long-term use of simvastatin alleviates ventilator-induced lung injury, and the mechanism is related to down-regulated expression of AQP5 in rats.

AIM:Capillary electrophoresis fingerprints(CEFP) and quantitative analysis methods of Radix Scutellariae were established. METHODS:All experiments were carried out in an uncoated fused silica capillary(75 cm?75 ?m i.d.,effective length 63 cm) with a 50 mmol/L sodium borate solution(contained 5% acetonitrile,pH 9.30) under 12 kV while the detection wavelength was set at 280 nm and naproxen was selected as the internal standard. RESULTS:8 co-possessing peaks were selected in the CEFP taking naproxen referential peak.The similarities between each of the ten places and the referential CEFP of Radix Scutellariae were evaluated both the qualitative similarity S_F and the quantitative similariy Q,the apparent quantitative similarity R. CONCLUSION:The method of the CEFP and quantitative analysis are rapid,simple and accurate with a good repeatability and can be used for the quality control of Radix Scutellariae.

Objective:To determine the residual formaldehyde fumigation on the surface of pharmaceutical equipments by AHMT method. Methods:The reaction time of AHMT was controlled in 20 min, the solution with sodium periodate was then shaken for 30 seconds and stood for 30 seconds, and then the absorbance at 550 nm was measured. Results: The linear range of formaldehyde was 0. 250~2. 495 μg·ml-1. The recovery of formaldehyde on glass plate, color steel plate and stainless steel plate was (83. 42 ± 1. 48)%(n=3), (83. 63 ± 1. 94)%(n=3)and (83. 94 ± 2. 28)%(n=3), respectively. Conclusion:The method is proved to be convenient and accurate, and is suitable for the determination of formaldehyde on the surface of pharmaceutical equipments.

Objective: To study the expressions of mitochondrial protein (MAB1273), Bcl-2, and Bax in renal cell carcinoma and to investigate their role in the tumorigenesis. Methods: The expressions of mitochondrial protein, Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by immunohistochemistry SP method in 9 tissue samples of renal on-cocytoma, 6 samples of chromophobe carcinoma, 23 samples of clear cell carcinoma and 12 samples of normal renal tissue. Results: The expression of MAB1273 in renal oncocytoma, chromophobe carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma was much higher than that in normal renal tissue (P=0.006). No significant difference was found in MAB1273 expression among the three types of renal carcinoma. The expression of Bcl-2 was higher in the renal carcinoma groups than in the normal renal tissue group, with a significant difference (P=0.008). The expression of Bax was not different among all of the groups (P=0.057). Rank correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between MAB1273 and Bcl-2 expression (r=0.341, P=0.015). The expression of Bcl-2 was negatively correlated with Bax expression (r= -0.287, P=0.043). Conclusion: Overexpression of mitochondrial protein and Bcl-2 and underexpression of Bax may play a part in the genesis of renal oncocytoma, chromophobe carcinoma and the clear cell carcinoma, indicating that overexpression of MAB1273 may be correlated with apoptosis of renal cell carcinoma cells.

OBJECTIVE:To study the adsorption of disposable transfusion connective tube and infusion needle for single use only to nitroglycerin in intravenous injection via minipump.METHODS:The intravenous injection via minipump was im-itated;the concentration change of nitroglycerin during the injection process was determined by the high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and ultraviolet spectrophotometry.RESULTS:Disposable transfusion connective tube and infusion needle for single use only had significant adsorption to nitroglycerin with an mean adsorption rate at(73.88?2.05)%within8hours.CONCLUSION:It is unsuitable to use those disposable transfusion connective tubes and infusion needles for single use only that have strong adsorption to nitroglycerin in the intravenous injection of nitroglycerin via minipump.

OBEJECTIVE:To study quality differences of compound danshen injections of different batch numbers from different manufactures.METHODS:The fingerprints of compound danshen injections were obtained through gradient elution by HPLC;The contents of danshensu,protocatechualdehyde and savianolic acid B in samples of different batch numbers and different manufactures were determined,and the insoluble fine particle,protein,tannin,resin etc.in samples were studied ac-cording to the specification of China Pharmacopoeia2005.RESULTS:The fingerprints of compound danshen injections were specific;Great differences were found in the contents of danshensu,protocatechualdehyde and salvianolic acid B of the samples from different manufactures,quality discrepancies were found between some of the related substances in some of the prepara-tions and the specifications.CONCLUSION:Quality differences were found in compound danshen injections from different manufactures,therefore,the quality control standards of compound danshen injections should be enhanced and unified,and with regard to the controlling of the insoluble fine particles,the technics and techniques of which should be improved and given a further study.