Objective To seek an effective method for the treatment of grade ⅢB tibial fractures.Method From Oct. 1985 to Oct.1999, 26 cases of grade ⅢB tibial fractures were treated by early soft tissue coverage(including 12 cases of free muscle flaps and 14 cases of local muscle flaps), early fracture fixation(including 21 cases of external fixation and 5 cases of non-reamed intramedullary nail) and early bone grafting(15 cases).Results The follow up duration were from 10 to 32 months with an average of 15.5 months. The success rates of free and local muscle flaps were respectively 91.7 %(11/12) and 92.9 %(13/14)?Infection occurred in 5 cases (3 cases of local superficial infection and 2 cases of osteomyelitis). The time for bone union were from 17 to 66 weeks with an average of 42 weeks. Conclusion "San-Zao"therapy,especially early soft tissue coverage and early fracture fixation is on effective management for grade ⅢB tibial fractures with the advantages of promoting wound healing and bone union and decreasing the possibility of infection.

Objective To explore the fixation method of tibial helical plate for treatment of proximal and middle one-third of humeral fractures and evaluate the clinical outcome. Methods A review was performed on 15 patients with proximal and middle one-third of humeral fractures treated by tibial helical plate from May 2004 to February 2009. There were 10 males and five females, at age range of 19-65 years ( average 38.0 years). The surgical method was summarized and the shoulder function evaluated.Results The follow-up lasted for 7-24 months (mean 13 months) , which showed bony union in all patients, with mean union time of 4.7 months. There was no implant loosening or failure. According to Neer 's criteria, the result was excellent in seven patients and good in six, with excellence rate of 86.7%.Conclusions Open reduction and internal fixation using tibial helical plate is simple and effective for treatment of proximal and middle one-third of humeral fractures.

Objective:To observe the effect of Aalv Capsule on sodium current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes(INa)for exploring the mechanism of its anti-premature beats.Methods:Whole-cell patch-clamp recording technique was used to record the Aalv Capsule for a single cell of sodium currents in guinea pig ventricular myocytes.Results:There was dose-dependent of Aalv Capsule in block of sodium currents and had a certain amount of use-dependent and time-dependent.Conclusion:The role of Aalv Capsule in blocking sodium current block was one of the mechanisms of its in bearing premature.

Objective: To understand their appearance and microscopic characteristics, as well as their differences by studying the pharmacognosy of Yi medicine Elsholtzia rugulosa and Elsholtzia bodinieri, in order to provide a basis for identification and improvement of quality standards.
Methods: Stereo microscopy and optical microscopy and the macroscopic and microscopic identification methods were adopted to compare identification and digital representation for Elsholtzia rugulosa and Elsholtzia bodinieri from overall character, local characteristics, the microscopic identification characteristics, the transverse section and the powder.
Results:There were significant differences in the the macroscopic and the microscopic identification characteristics of Elsholtzia rugulosa and Elsholtzia bodinieri.
Conclusion: This study summarized the exclusive and practical features in pharmacognosic identification of Elsholtzia rugulosa and Elsholtzia bodinieri, it provides a useful reference for supervision the clinical medication,inspection,and standard drafting.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the expression of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and blood-borne metastasis in patients with pancreatic carcinoma. Methods The serum HMGB1 levels were determined by Western blot analysis in 68 patients with pancreatic cancer, 18 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 21 healthy controls. Among the 68 patients with pancreatic cancer, the serum HMGB1 levels of 37 patients before and after operation were compared. The expression of HMGB1 and CD31 were detected by immunohistochemistry in 67 patients with pancreatic carcinoma. Results The serum HMGB1 levels in patients with pancreatic cancer was (119.7±54.5) ng/ml, which was significantly higher than (40.2±25.5) ng/ml in chronic pancreatitis (P<0.001) and (13.1±4.3) ng/ml in healthy control (P< 0.001). The serum HMGB1 levels in patients with pancreatic cancer before operation was (120.2±8.2) ng/ml, which was significantly higher than (69.3±5.1) ng/ml after operation (P <0.001). The expression rate of HMGB1 in pancreatic cancer tissues was 43.6%. The expression of HMGB1 were significantly related with tumor differentiation, TNM stage, blood-borne metastasis, and vascular density(P <0.01). The HMGB1 positive tumor cells were adjacent to the blood vessels with lumen, and the rate of HMGB1 expression in intravascular tumor cells was 71%. Conclusions The HMGB1 was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues. HMGB1 expression positive pancreatic carcinoma cells were prone to invade blood vessels with lumen which may be related to blood-borne metastasis in pancreatic cancer.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers. Hepadnaviral DNA integrations are considered to be essential agents which can promote the process of the hepatocarcinogenesis. More and more researches were designed to find the relationship of the two. In this study, we investigated whether HBV DNA integration occurred at sites of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), one of the most detrimental DNA damage. An 18-bp I-SceI homing endonuclease recognition site was introduced into the DNA of HepG2 cell line by stable DNA transfection, then cells were incubated in patients' serum with high HBV DNA copies and at the same time, DSBs were induced by transient expression of I-SceI after transfection of an I-SceI expression vector. By using nest PCR, the viral DNA was detected at the sites of the break. It appeared that integration occurred between part of HBV x gene and the I-SceI induced breaks. The results suggested that DSBs, as the DNA damages, may serve as potential targets for hepadnaviral DNA insertion and the integrants would lead to widespread host genome changes necessarily. It provided a new site to investigate the integration.

Objective:To evaluate the immunological efficacy of a novel DNA vaccine against West Nile virus (WNV) in a mouse model.Methods:A DNA vaccine VRC-prME expressing the precursor membrane (prM) and envelope protein (E) of WNV Xinjiang strain (XJ11129-3) was constructed and its ability to express virus-like particles was verified in vitro. C57BL/6 mice were immunized twice with VRC-prME via intramuscular injection combined with electroporation with an interval of four weeks. Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was used to detect serum antibodies after immunization. WNV (NY99 strain) single-round infectious particles were used to detect neutralizing antibodies. Cellular immune responses were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunoblot assay (ELISPOT) and intracellular cytokine staining (ICS). Results:VRC-prME induced a strong Th1-biased antibody response in mice that could cross-neutralize the WNV (NY99 strain) single-round infectious particles two weeks after the boost immunization. Moreover, the vaccine also elicited antigen-specific multifunctional CD8 + T cell responses (IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α). Conclusions:The novel DNA vaccine prepared in this study, expressing the prME protein of WNV XJ11129-3 strain, could induce stronger humoral and cellular immune responses in mice, which was worthy of further research and development for the prevention of WNV infection in China.

ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze the treatment of odontoid fractures using percutaneous and open anterior screw fixation,and compare the clinical and radiographic results of the two techniques.MethodsFrom March 2003 to May 2010,115 patients with odontoid fracture were treated with anterior screw fixation,and all patients were followed up.The mean age of the patients was 43.5 years (range,16-71).Forty-seven patients who underwent percutaneous anterior screw fixation were set as the percutaneous fixation group,including 42 cases of type Ⅱ odontoid fracture and 5 of rostral type Ⅲ fracture.Sixtyeight patients who received open anterior screw fixation were set as the open fixation group,composing of 61cases of type Ⅱ odontoid fracture and 7 of rostral type Ⅲ fracture.We compared the operative time,intraoperative blood loss,X-ray exposure time,fracture union and complications between the two groups.Results The average follow-up duration was 37.6 months with a range of 12-70 months.The gender,age,classification of odontoid fractures,time after the injuries and concomitant spinal injuries showed a similar pattern in both groups.The operating time and intra-operative blood loss in percutaneous fixation group were (40.3±9.5)min and (5.6±4.1) ml respectively,and in open fixation group were (62.9±15.3) min and (47.1±28.6) ml respectively,both of them were significantly superior in percutaneous fixation group than in open fixation group (P＜0.05).There was no statistical difference in radiation exposure time,fracture union and incidence of complication between the two groups.ConclusionComparing with open screw fixation,percutaneous anterior screw fixation is a safe and reliable procedure for treatment of type Ⅱ and rostral type Ⅲ odontoid fractures with potential advantages.

Objectives:To observe the changes of the tongues in rats with blood-stasis syndrome induced mainly by cold. To explore the evidence that tongues were the target of blood stasis syndrome and the target of medication. Methods: Rats with blood-stasis syndrome induced by cold (BSC group) were dipped into ice water (0 ℃) for 5 minutes every day and lasted 20d individually. Different drugs were given orally after the model establishment. And then we took photos of tongues of all rats by digital camera, analyzed the gray scale value of all rats' tongues using image analysis software, and observed the capillaries in tongues by electron microscope. Results: The tongues of rats which had been frozen in ice water for 20 d (once a day) were dark purple, the same as that of models induced by chemical materials .While as for the normal rats, the tongues were lustrous and ruddy. The changes of color of the tongues persisted about 1 week and were great obvious at the 3rd day after the model establishment among different time-points. After given different drugs, the degree of dark purple tongue degraded, showed significant difference (P < 0.01) from that of model rats. The capillary stegnosis and nucleus turgescence of vascular endothelial cell were observed in tongues in BSC group by using electron microscope. After medication, the above changes recovered. Conclusion: The degree of dark purple tongue indicates the degree of diseases with blood-stasis syndrome. The tongue probably is a target of drug treatment.

ObjectiveTo construct one recombinant adenovirus AdE7E6 expressing HPV16 E6 and E7 fusion protein as candidate for HPV16 therapeutic vaccine.MethodsThe codon-optimized E6 and E7 gene,were fused to create one open reading frame,then inserted into adenovirus vector pCD316.A strain of recombinant adenovirus was constructed through homologous recombinant in 293 cells,and identified by PCR and Western blot.Finally,it was employed to study it's immunogenicity and the activity of the tumor growth regression.ResultsThe PCR result showed that E6E7 fusion gene had been integrated in recombinant Ad5 DNA.Western blot test confirmed that the E6E7 fusion protein was highly expressed in 293 cells infected with Ad5E7E6 recombinant adenovirus.The recombinant adenovirus elicited significant E7 specific CD8+ T lymphocyte response in vaccinated mice.These responses could completely prevent the TG-1 tumor cell bearing mice treated with AdE7E6 from developing into tumor.ConclusionThese results suggested that rAd5E7E6 could be a potent vaccine candidate for the treatment of HPV16-associated tumors and their precancerous transformations.