Planc or YH1 gene is discovered in recent years. It is relatively specific expressed in some tissue, and may play significant roles in tumorigenesis, tumor development and metastasis. This article reviews some progresses in plunc or YH1 gene study in recent years.

AIM: To investigate the influence of Streptococcus pneumoniae on the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cell and the modulation of caspases-3 on apoptosis. METHODS: A study was undertaken to determine whether Streptococcus pneumoniae infection induced the apoptosis of A549 and facilitated the expression of pro-inflammative cytokine. After inhibited by siRNA, the expression of caspase-3 and apoptosis grade in A549 were determined. RESULTS: Streptococcus pneumoniae contributed to alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. Streptococcus pneumoniae facilitated the expression of caspase-3 and IL-6 in A549, while depressed IL-10 concentration in culture medium. SiRNA directly decreased the expression of caspase-3 to rescue A549 from apoptosis but not affected IL-6 and IL-10 concentration. CONCLUSION: caspase-3 gene silencing rescues epithelial cells from apoptosis initiated by Streptococcus pneumoniae infection.

Objective: To explore the antagonism of selenium enriched Spirulina platensis(Se-SP) to hepatocirrhosis by enhancement of cell proliferation and selenoenzyme activity.Method: The male SD rat hepatocirrhosis model was induced by thioacetamide(TAA),and Se-SP was supplemented.Hepatic histological analysis was performed and relative content of collagen(RCC %) was estimated using IBAS 2000 system after Masson’s staining.Glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),thioredoxin reductases(TR) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in hepatocyte as well as hyaluronic acid(HA) in serum were determined.Expression index of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in hepatocytes was detected by immu-nohistochemistry,and the level of synthesis of DNA in regenerative hepatocytes was analyzed by radio-immunity for incorporation of 3H-TDR.Results: Hepatocirrhosis was induced by TAA at 9w of the expeiment,and the obvious antagonism of Se-SP to hepatocirrhosis was obsewed after Se-SP supplementa-tion.12.5% rats of Se-Sp group were completely recovered at 15w of the experiment(6w after withdrawal of TAA).GSH-Px and TR activity in hepatocytes as well as PCNA and 3H-TDR incorporation rate in hepatocytes were obviously enhanced(P

AIM: To investigate the influence of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induced apoptosis through knocking down Bax gene by RNA interference (RNAi) in human alveolar type II epithelial cells (A549). METHODS: A549 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into 4 groups according to RNAi treatment: control group, TNF-α treated group, Bax siRNA group and control siRNA group. Chemically synthesized small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against human Bax gene was transfected into A549 cells by cationic liposome. The effect of RNAi was investigated by reverse transcription PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemisty, and the rate of apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Bax gene was knocked down effectively in Bax siRNA group (P<0.05). Apoptosis was induced by TNF-α in TNF-α treated group and control siRNA group. However, it was abolished in Bax siRNA group by the downregulation of Bax gene compared to TNF-α treated group and control siRNA group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: This result suggests that Bax gene has a significant role of pro-apoptosis in A549 cells and knocking down Bax gene by RNAi can effectively inhibit TNF-α-induced apoptosis in A549 cells.

AIM:To investigate the influence of tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) induced apoptosis through knocking down Bax gene by RNA interference (RNAi) in human alveolar type II epithelial cells (A549). METHODS: A549 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into 4 groups according to RNAi treatment: control group,TNF-? treated group,Bax siRNA group and control siRNA group. Chemically synthesized small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against human Bax gene was transfected into A549 cells by cationic liposome. The effect of RNAi was investigated by reverse transcription PCR,Western blotting and immunohistochemisty,and the rate of apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Bax gene was knocked down effectively in Bax siRNA group (P

BACKGROUND: The effect of cognitive therapy on psychological stress is not remarkable and optimal. Some psychocatharsis through physical activities cannot be accepted by many clients.OBJECTIVE: To explore an effective method to treat and relieve psychological stress.DESIGN: A controlled (the blank control and the self-control) observation study and single blind trial.SETTING: Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical College of Jinagsu University.PARTICIPANTS: Clients who suffered from emotional suppression or nervous stress would be tested with "psychological stress test". Forty clients, with scores over 5, were selected as the subjects. They were randomly divided into two groups matching of ages and scores: control group (n=20) and experimental group (n=20).METHODS: Clients in the control group were treated with common cognitive therapy by means of talking, and those in the experimental group accepted a sing a song loudly therapy. The song named as Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was selected for the treatment. The clients were requested to sing the song loudly in order to release their stress and vent their repression.The psychologist used the language introduction by background music to make a client under a special kind of psychological situation and emotional state when the music was played for one to two times. Then the psychologist would turn up gradually the volume of sound to the maximum when the music was played for the third time. The volume from the VCD would overwhelm that from the client's voice in order to cover up the singer's shyness. The client sung the song of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau loudly for four to five times. The therapeutic room was required to have a blanch curtain.The sound insulation also was required. The soundscape of the loudspeakers should be wide. The power magnifier should be strong. The loudspeaker should be high fidelity. The questionnaire of psychological stress test was adopted in both groups before and after therapy respectively. It had 30 items for the self-diagnosis of symptoms. The client was diagnosed as a low stress if his or her score reached 5, 11-20 as sever stress, and above 21 as adaptability disorder.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Scores of stress level were observed before and after therapy in both groups.RESULTS: The scores in the control group before and after therapy were approximately the same (15.6±5.3 vs 14.7±4.8, t=1.739, P ＞ 0.05). The scores in the experimental group after therapy was significantly lower than those before therapy (11.6±5.8 vs 15.5±6.1, t=9.863, P ＜ 0.05). After therapy, the scores in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (11.6±5.8 vs 14.7±4.8, t=4.811, P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Sing a song loudly is an effective method that is easy to operate in treating psychological stress.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the cognition of clinical pharmacists on the clinical pharmacy practice and their profes-sion,and provide reference for further developing clinical pharmacy practice. METHODS:A questionnaire was designed,and ran-dom sample was conducted for the clinical pharmacists from 30 secondary and tertiary hospitals in Shanghai,and the investigation results were analyzed statistically. RESULTS:Totally 130 questionnaires were sent out,and 102 were effectively received with valid response rate of 78.46%. 94.11% of the investigated subjects were willing to be a clinical pharmacist,but 17.65% of them consid-ered that they were incompetent for their work;29.41% of them thought the current situation of clinical pharmacy practice was not ideal;all the respondents considered that the clinical pharmacist system should be implemented in medical and health institu-tions;the cognition and evaluation of investigated subjects in tertiary hospitals on clinical pharmacy practice and their profession was generally higher than those in secondary hospitals(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The clinical pharmacists in medical and health institutions in Shanghai showed high cognition on their profession,and the clinical pharmacy practice has already made some achievements,but many work still need to be improved. Therefore,clinical pharmacists should continuously study their profession-al knowledge and improve their professional skills and quality;hospitals and universities should strengthen the subject construction and personnel training of clinical pharmacy and deeply carry out the clinical pharmacist system;health administration departments should strengthen the related laws and regulations of clinical pharmacy;colleges and universities should strengthen the discipline construction and personnel training.

Objective To investigate the effects of pretreatment with different concentrations of sufentanil of ketamine on the differentiation of human helper T cells in vitro. Methods Twenty-two healthy volunteers (11 males, 11 females) aged 20-45 yrs were enrolled in this study. In each volunteer 20 ml of blood was taken from peripheral vein and divided into 7 groups: control group (0.9% NaCl), 3 sufentanil groups (0.05, 0.5, 5.0 ng?ml-1) and 3 ketamine groups (100, 500, 2 500 ng?ml-1) .Whole blood and mononuclear cells from peripheral blood (PBMCs) were incubated in the presence of 0.9% NaCl or different concentrations of sufentanil or ketamine for 24 h. Then the stimulants-phorbolmyristate + lonomycin + glgistap (inhibitor of intracellular protein transport) were added to whole blood and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was add to PBMCs. The whole blood was incubated for another 4h and PBMCs were incubated for another 48 h. Then the T-lymphocytes were collected for determination of intracellular level of IFN-?(as a marker of Th1 cells) and IL-4 (as a marker of Th2 cells) in the whole blood using three-color flow cytometry and the expression of CCR5 + (as a marker of Th1 cells) and CCR3 + (as a marker of Th2 cells) in PBMCs. The Th1/Th2 ratio was calculated. Results In sufentanil 0.5 and 5.0 ng?ml-1 groups the percentage of Th2 cells was significantly increased while the percentage of Th1 cells and Th1/Th2 ratio were significantly decreased. In ketamine 500 and 2 500 ng?ml-1 groups the percentage of both Th1 and Th2 cells were significantly decreased and the Th1/Th2 ratio was significantly increased. Conclusion Sufentanil can encourage helper cells to differentiate into Th2 cells while ketamine inhibit the helper cells to differentiate into Th1 and Th2 cells, especially the Th2 cells in a dose-dependent manner.

AIM: Tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) participates in the establishment of inflammatory lesions in pneumonia.High production of TNF-? may relate to the severity of pneumonia.There have already been several studies examining the association between pneumonia and single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) that affect cytokine productivity.SNPs of TNF-?,-1 031,-863,-857,-308 and-238 have been identified.The variant alleles of these SNPs have suggested to be related to high TNF-? production and the severity of pneumonia.Therefore,the aim of this study is to examine the association between the severity of pneumonia in Chinese and the following SNPs: five in the TNF-? gene promoter(-1 031,-863,-857,-308,-238).METHODS: A total of 117 Chinese individuals were enrolled in this study.They were 67 patients with pneumonia and 50 healthy subjects.TNF-? was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for all subjects.The frequency distributions of genotypes in different groups were analyzed by SPSS 11.5 program.RESULTS: Frequency of subjects who carried at least one variant allele in TNF-?-1 031,-863,-857,-308,-238 SNPs among pneumonia patients was significantly higher than that in healthy subjects.And frequency of subjects who carried variant allele in TNF-?-863,and-308 SNPs among severe adult community acquired pneumonia patients was significantly higher than that in common pneumonia patients.CONCLUSION: TNF-?-863 and-308 SNPs appear to be associated with severe adult community acquired pneumonia in Chinese populations.

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)is the syndrome with platelet destruction increase through immunologic mechanism. In this case,the patient's main performance was oral mucosal bloody bulla with the ecchymosis on whole body.