Objective To evaluate the cerebrovascular reserve(CVR) in patients of ischemic stroke with cerebrovascular stenosis by Xenon-enhanced CT. Methods Twenty subjects of ischemic stroke with cerebrovascular stenosis were recruited. All subjects were examined by Xenon-enhanced CT before and after acetazolamide (ACZ) challenge test to quantitatively measure the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and CVR. Results We compared the rCBF in the corresponding region supplied with stenosed artery (divided manually) with that in the region of normal side. There was no significant difference in resting rCBF but in CVR [ipsilateral side vs. normal side ( 5.9 ± 24. 3 ) % vs ( 25.9 ± 32. 6 ) % , P ＜ 0. 05]. Conclusion Impaired CVR is an important character of the patients with cerebrovascular stenosis suffered from ischemic stroke.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1 and gin-senoside Rb1 in Shenqi xinshu capsule. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Zorbax SB-C18(150 × 4.6 mm,5 μm) with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 203 nm,column temperature was 30℃,and the injection volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 0.199 8-3.996 0 μg for notoginsenoside R1,0.842 8-10.143 0 μg for ginsenoside Rg1 and 0.823 4-9.978 0 μg for ginsenoside Rb1;RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were low-er than 2%;recoveries were 95.17%-100.17%(RSD=1.81%,n=9),97.32%-101.18%(RSD=1.44%,n=9)and 95.22%-98.89%(RSD=1.22%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and can be used for the simultaneous contents determination of notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 in Shenqi xinshu capsule.

ObjectiveTo assess the value of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography(ERC) before laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) for gallstone disease complicated by suspected cholelithiasis. MethodsIndications for ERC included history of jundice, pancreatitis,abnormal liver function, suspected or BUS proven cholelithiasis. ResultsA history of jaundice( P

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Baotou City of Inner Mongolia from 2008 to 2011.Methods Datas were collected from surveillance and investigation of human brucellosis in Baotou City during 2008-2011,and analyzed by descriptive study and statistics methods,including the main outcome measures:incidence,time distribution,endemic distribution,occupation distribution,age and sex distribution.Results About 2 338 cases were reported during the 4 years,the average annual incidence rate was 25.52/one hundred thousand,the annual incidence rate was in the range of 5.37/one hundred thousand to 38.65/one hundred thousand,and the incidence rate was rising year by year.The incidence mainly concentrated from April to August,and total reported cases were 1 423,accounting for 60.86％(1 423/2 338).Damaoqi and Guyangxian were regions with high prevalence rate of human brucellosis,and total reported cases were 1 652,accounting for 70.66％(1 652/2 338).The incidence of farmers was higher,accounting for 75.53％ (1 766/2 338).The 31-60 years old group had the highest incidence,accounting for 75.02％(1 754/2 338).The incidence of male was higher than that of female,male accounted for 75.19％ (1 758/2 338).Conclusions The infection of human brucellosis in Baotou City shows an increasing trend and widening scope.The incidence of human brucellosis has significant seasonal,regional,gender and age differences.

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics and surgical risks for elderly patients with gastric cancer. Methods The clinical data from 607 patients, who received surgical therapy for gastric cancer between January 2006 and December 2009, were retrospectively analyzed.Among them, 267 patients were over 65 years of age, and the other 340 patients (≤65 years of age)were served as control. Complete surgical resection was done by doctors in same group. The preoperative complications such as cardiopulmonary disease and post-operative complications as well as pathologic patterns were compared between two groups. Results Coexisted diseases were found more in elderly patients than in controls (68.91% vs 31.63 %, P＜0.01). Whereas there was no significant difference between two groups with respect to post-operative complication [28. 19% (75/267)vs 25.59 % (87/340)]. However, the incidence of cardiopulmonary complications, especially pulmonary infection, was higher in elderly patients than in controls (17.23% vs 5.29% ,P＜0.01). The digestive tract complications were related to the pattern of radical operation. Post-operative complication occurred less in patients treated with D1 radical operation than those with D2 and D3 radical operation.Conclusions The incidence of post-operative complication in elderly patients with gastric cancer was closely related to the surgical method. The elderly patients may has less complications if they were operated with D1 radical method which can reduce risk of complication and improve the quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the effect of TLR2McAb and TLR4McAb on intestinal flora of DSS-induced colitis in mice. Methods Fifty healthy male BALB/c mice (SPF level), were randomly assigned into five groups: the control group( group A), the UC model group( group B), TLR2McAb intervention group( group C), TLR4McAb intervention group( group D) and TLR2McAb + TLR4McAb intervention group(group E). Clinical symptoms were evaluated by the disease activity index(DAI), while tissue sam ples were evaluated by histological scoring(HS). The quantities of mRNA for IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-17 were determined by real-time PCR. Meanwhile, fecal samples were obtained directly from the cecum for microbiological studies. Results After the treatment with TLR2McAb and TLR4McAb, DAI and HS were decreased significantly. Compared with group A, inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-17 in group B were higher. Compared with group B, expression of these three cytokines in group C to E was all markedly decreased. Group A showed a considerable predominance of Lactobacillus spp and Bifidobacterium spp,while the UC model group showed a conspicuous increase of Escherichia coli and decreases of Lactobacillus spp and Bifidobacterium spp. After treatment with TLR2McAb or/and TLR4McAb, Lactobacillus spp and Bifidobacterium spp increased to the normal level. But counts of E. Coli in the three intervention groups were not changed. Conclusion TLR2McAb and TLR4McAb suppressed the development of DSS-induced colitis and increase cecum counts of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria.

OBJECTIVE:To study the extraction rate and speciation of antivitiligo-related elements in Opercalina turperthum by water extraction and semi-bionic extraction. METHODS:Water extraction and semi-bionic extraction were respectively used. Wa-ter-soluble state and suspension state in extract of O. turperthum were separated by microporous filtering film;organic and inorgan-ic trace elements in water-soluble state were separated by macroporous resin. The contents of Cu,Zn,Fe,Ca,Mg,Mn and Sr were detected by flame atomic adsorption spectrophotometry,and speciation analysis was conducted. RESULTS:After water extrac-tion,extraction rates of 7 trace elements were 40.47%-72.49%;ratio of suspended particles was 3.69%-8.78%;ratio of organic state/inorganic state was 104.36% in water-soluble state of Sr and 3.94%-48.39% in water-soluble state of Cu,Zn,Fe,Ca,Mg, Mn. After semi-bionic extraction,except for Mn,extraction rates of trace elements were higher than water extraction,extraction rates of Cu,Zn,Fe,Ca,Mg,Sr were 77.69%-90.19%;ratio of suspended particles was 0.39%-8.57%;the ratio of organic state/inorganic state was 72.74%-180.79% in water-soluble state of elements. CONCLUSIONS:Cu,Zn,Fe,Ca,Mg,Mn and Sr in O. turperthum are dissolved easily,mainly existing in the form of inorganic state. After semi-bionic extraction,except for Mn,the dis-solution rate of other elements and the proportion of organic trace elements after dissolution increase significantly. Both dissolution and effective utilization rate of trace elements by semi-bionic extraction are higher than water extraction.

Objective To evaluate the value of region Ⅵ lymph nodes in surgical treatment of cN0 papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC). Methods 98 cases of PTC with cN0 which received functional lymph nodes dissection were collected. We analyzed the results of pathologic examination by region Ⅵ lymph nodes distinguished from lateral neck lymph nodes(Ⅱ～Ⅴ) retrospectively. Results In 98 cases, the rate of region Ⅵ lymph nodes metastasis was 20.4 %(20 cases); the rate of region Ⅱ～Ⅴ lymph nodes metastasis was 13 cases(13.3 %). In cases with region Ⅵ lymph nodes metastasis, the rate of Ⅱ～Ⅴ lymph nodes metastasis was 45.0 %(9/20). Meanwhile in cases without region Ⅵ lymph nodes metastasis, the rate of Ⅱ～Ⅴ lymph nodes metastasis was 5.1 % (4/78, P

Objective: To present a modified option to surgical crown lengthening for repair of biologic width loss. Methods: The alternative to the traditional method involves reshaping the fractured root surface in combination with conservative removal of the supporting alveolar bone to rebuild the biological width. Although these teeth were considered as not suitable for the traditional methods, 7 teeth from 7 patients with fracture surface located lower than alveolar bone crest were treated by this modified method of surgical crown lengthening. Restoration was accomplished on these teeth two month later. Periodontal index such as tooth mobility, plaque index, probing depth and bleeding index were recorded and followed up. Results: The mean follow-up period was 17 months (ranged from 10 to 31 months). Result of surgery and restoration of these 7 teeth was satisfactory. The gingival tissue remained healthy and esthetic with good function. Conclusion: This modified surgical crown lengthening can be used as an alternative to the traditional method to save more fractured teeth.

Objective To evaluate the role of astrocyte chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in microglial activation in an in vitro experiment.Methods Primary astrocytes and microglias were isolated from the brain tissues of C57BL/6J mice at postnatal day 1-2.The experiment was performed in two parts.Experiment Ⅰ Astrocytes were inoculated in 6-well culture plates at a density of 3 × 104 cells/well (2 ml/well) and divided into 5 groups (n=3 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-cα) group,1 μg/ml CCL2 small interference RNA (siRNA) group (group CCL2-siRNA1),2 μg/ml CCL2-siRNA (group CCL2-siRNA2) and negative control siRNA group (group NC-siRNA).Astrocytes were cultured routiuely in group C,and 10 ng/ml TNF-α was added and astrocytes were incubated for 15 min followed by washout with phosphate buffer solution (PBS),and then astrocytes were incubated for 3 h in the other 4 groups.At 24 h before TNF-α was added,CCL2-siR-NA 1 and 2 μg/ml were added in CCL2-siRNA1 and CCL2-siRNA2 groups,respectively,and NC-siRNA 2 μg/ml was added in group NC-siRNA.The concentrations of CCL2 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Experiment Ⅱ Microglias were inoculated in 6-well culture plates at a density of 3×104 cells/well (2 ml/well) and divided into 3 groups (n=3 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),TNF-α group and CCL2-siRNA group.Microglias were cultured routinely in group C.In group TNF-α,10 ng/ml TNF-α was added to astrocytes which were incubated for 15 min followed by washout with PBS,astrocytes were then incubated for 3 h,and the supernatant was collected and added to microglias which were incubated for 24 h.In group CCL2-siRNA,2 μg/ml CCL2-siRNA was added to astrocytes which were incubated for 24 h,10 ng/ml TNF-α was also added to astrocytes which were incubated for 15 min followed by washout with PBS,astrocytes were then incubated for 3 h,and the supernatant was collected and added to microglias which were incubated for 24 h.The activity of microglias was measured by immunofluorescence,and the migration of microglias was evaluated by Transwell migration assay.Results Experiment Ⅰ The concentrations of CCL2 were significantly higher in TNF-α,CCL2-siRNA1,CCL2-siRNA2 and NC-siRNA groups than in group C (P＜0.05).The concentrations of CCL2 were significantly lower in CCL2-siRNA1 and CCL2-siRNA2 groups than in TNF-α and NC-siRNA groups (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in CCL2 concentrations between group TNF-α and group NC-siRNA (P＞0.05).Experiment 1Ⅱ Compared with group C,the activity of microglias was significantly increased,and the migration of microglias was enhanced in TNF-α and CCL2-siRNA groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group TNF-α,the activity of microglias was significantly decreased,and the migration of microglias was weakened in group CCL2-siRNA (P＜0.05).Conclusion Astrocyte CCL2 is involved in mieroglial activation in an in vitro experiment.