Objective To evaluate the value of three-dimensional(3D) ultrasonic examination in diagnosis of choroidal melanoma. Methods Twenty eyes(20 cases) proved as choroidal melanoma pathologically were reviewed retrospectively with their 3D ultrasonic examinations(OTI, Canada) preoperatively. Rotating-cut method in static stage was used to observe and measure the tumor. Results In 3D ultrasonic examination, 18 cases were diagnosed as choroidal melanoma according to tumor shape, choroidal depression, retinal detachment, CTH color change and cavernous phenomena of choroidal melanoma. The consistent rate of 3D ultrasonic examination and pathology was 90%. Conclusions 3D ultrasonic examination was valuable for diagnosis of choroidal melanoma, especially in observing and measuring the tumor.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of insulin aspart 30 combined with metformin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Methods:According to the random number table, 68 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into two groups, the control group (n=34) and the observation group (n=34). The control group was treated with insulin aspart 30 by hypodermic injection, while the observation group was orally treated with metformin additionally. Results:After the treatment, the levels of FPG, HbA1c and 2hPG, plasma viscosity, blood viscosity and platelet adhesion rate in the two groups were lower than those before the treatment, and those in the observation groups were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05). After the treatment, the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in the two groups were lower than those before the treatment (P<0. 05), and the levels of TC and TG in the observation groups were lower than those in the control group (P<0. 05). Before and after the treatment, HDL-C and BMI showed no significant differences in the two groups (P>0. 05). The reaching standard time of blood glucose of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group (P <0.05). Compared with the untoward reactions between the two groups, no statistical difference was shown (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Insulin aspart 30 combined with metformin can control blood sugar more effectively, and significantly improve the glucose metabolism of patients, shorten the reaching standard time of blood glucose and improve blood lipid and hemorheology indices, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Objective To observe the alteration of scavenger receptor class A types Ⅰand Ⅱ (SR-AⅠ/Ⅱ) gene knock-out on lipid metabolism in mice fed with high-fat diet, and explore the underlying mechanism. Method The SR-AⅠ/Ⅱgene knock-out and wild-type male mice were fed with normal and high-fat diet for 12 w. Thereafter, the level of lipid metabolism (such as the levels of lipids in blood and liver) was detected with enzyme method or oil red O staining, and the expression of scavenger receptor class B typeⅠ(SR-BⅠ) and CD36 in liver was analyzed by RT-PCR. Results Under high-fat diet condition, as compared with wild-type mice, the levels of TG, TC, LDL and HDL in SR-AⅠ/Ⅱgene knock-out mice were decreased at 3, 6, 12 w (P0.05). Conclusion The alteration of lipid metabolism induced by high-fat diet in SR-AⅠ/Ⅱgene knock-out mice might be relative with the up-regulated SR-BⅠmRNA expression and the counter transport of peripheral lipids to liver.

Objective To compare the body composition of diabetic and healthy subjects and to investigate the correlation between obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Body composition was analyzed in 80 type 2 diabetic patients (diabetes group) and 80 healthy subjects (control group) selected at random.They were measured for body fat mass,visceral fat area,sketedtal muscle mass,waist-hip ratio,the content of protein and mineral,etc.The blood glucose,blood fat,insulin resistance index (Homa-IR) and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) were also measured.Results The means of body fat mass((19.68 ± 6.78)kg),percent body fat ((29.87 ± 8.04) ％),obesity degree ((115.93 ± 15.94) ％),visceral fat area ((104.48 ± 36.19) cm2),Body mass index(BMI) ((24.85 ± 3.51) kg/m2),chest circumference ((94.06 ±7.86) cm),waist circumference ((85.18 ± 9.50) cm) and waist-hip ratio (0.90 ± 0.05) were significantly higher than the means of healthy subjects'weight control ((-4.08 ± 6.79) kg),body fat mass ((17.31 ± 5.55)kg),percent body fat ((27.38 ± 6.47)％),obesity degree((108.88 ± 13.80)％),visceral fat area ((85.44 ±44.04) cm2),BMI ((23.43 ± 3.10) kg/m2),chest circumference ((91.11 ± 7.52) cm),waist circumference ((80.79±8.17) cm) and waist-hip ratio (0.86 ± 0.05) (t=2.55,2.30,3.12,2.86,2.73,2.28,3.12 and 4.76 respectively;P ＜0.05),body mass control ((-7.01 ± 7.49) kg),obesity control ((-8.53 ± 6.66)kg),muscles control((1.52 ± 1.43) kg) were lower than control group:the body mass control((-4.08 ±6.79) kg),obesity control ((-6.39 ± 5.78) kg),muscles control ((2.31 ± 2.09) kg).The uric acid was negatively related to weight control and obesity control (r =-0.43,-0.42 ; P ＜ 0.01),and were positively related to visceral fat area,percent body fat,waist-hip ratio,BMI,obesity degree,chest circumference,waist circumference and body fat mass (r =0.32,0.31,0.40,0.36,0.36,0.31,0.42,0.42 ; P ＜ 0.05).The triglyceride was negatively related to weight control and obesity control (r =-0.44,-0.41 ;P ＜ 0.01),and were positive related to percent body fat,waist-hip ratio,BMI,obesity degree,chest circumference,waist circumference and body fat mass(r =0.27,0.35,0.46,0.46,0.35,0.42,0.42 ;P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The body fat and fat distribution are significantly different between diabetic and healthy subjects.There may be some relationship between central obesity and diabetes.

ely in patients with uterine cervix carcinoma. The sensitivity is rather higher according to diagnostic criteria of most diameter ≥10 mm.

Objective:To detect the neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation in the peripheral blood of the patients with recurrent respiratory tract infection,and to evaluate the effect of sulbactam sodium/cefoperazone sodium on the formation of NETs.Methods:A total of 36 patients with recurrent respiratory tract infection (case group) and 30 healthy volunteers (healthy control group) were selected.The NETs formation of subjects in two groups was detected by confocal microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM).According to the appearance of neutrophils,the formation of NETs was classified as grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,the number of NETs formation cells of subjects in two groups was calculated.The formation of NETs of the patients in case group were detected before and after treated with sulbactam sodium/cefoperazone sodium.Results:The number of NETs formation cells of grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ of the patients in case group was more than that in healthy control group (P<0.05);while the number of NETs formation cells of grade Ⅲ of the patients in case group was less than that in healthy control group (P<0.05).The number of NETs formation cells of grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ of the patients in case group were significantly decreased (P<0.05),while the number of NETs formation cells of grade Ⅲ was significantly increased (P<0.05) after treated with sulbactam sodium/cefoperazone sodium.Conclusion:A lot of NETs with high antibacterial function can be formed in the patients with recurrent lower respiratory tract infection,and sulbactam sodium/cefoperazone sodium can inhibit the formation of NETs.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of global importance for infecting humans .The early diagnosis of brucellosis infection plays a significant role in the treatment and rehabilitation .This paper reviews the different methods used to diagnose brucellosis ,particularly introduces the basic principles and applications of fluorescence polarisation assay as a diagnostic tool for brucellosis ,which could provide the reference for clinical diagnosis and epidemiological investigation on brucellosis .

Objective To study the location and the expression of nerve growth factor(NGF)in mouse testes at different developmental stages.Methods The testes were taken out from mice at different developmental stages,respectively.Parts of the testis tissue were used to extract total RNA and real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of NGF.The rest tissues were fixed and embedded in paraffin.SABC immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the location of NGF in the testes. Results Reat-time PCR results showed that NGF mRNA could be detected in the testes of mouse at postnatal 1 st week and its expression level increased with the development,and reached the highest point at 3rd week.After 5 weeks it lowered down to a stable level.Immunohistochemistry showed that NGF expressed in the mouse testes at all developmental stages.At postnatal 1 st week immunopositive reaction of NGF was detected mainly in sustentacular cells and the spermatogonia also showed positive staining.NGF positive staining in the testes was observed in interstitial cells,spermatogenetic cells,sustentacular cells and Leydig cells at 3rd week.After the postnatal 5th week,NGF-positive immunostaining was also detected in intersitial cells and spermatogenetic cells,but the intensity of reaction was weaker than that at 1 st and 3rd weeks.Conclusion The expression levels of NGF in mouse testes show regular changes and the expression profile and location of NGF in the testes are different at different developmental stages.

Objective To study the feasibility of interventional pulmonary lobectomy by animal experiment. Methods Twelve healthy dogs were divided into three groups randomly,with 4 in each. Group A: the target bronchus and alveoli were filled with emulsion of lapiodal and alveolar cells damage liquors and then the target bronchus was occluded with Polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA). Group B: The target bronchus was only occluded with PMMA. Group C: Pulmonary lobe was resected surgically. Arterial blood gases were measured at the time of pre-procedure and post-procedure and then 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week after the procedure respectively. Chest radiography histology and bacterial culture of tissue of target lung lobe were made after 4 weeks. Results There was a significant difference in arterial blood-gas among 3 groups pre-procedure in comparion with those of post-proceduce immediately (P0.05) in comparing with 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week after the procedure. Atelectasis was shown radiologically with histological formation of fibrosis of target lung lobe but no bacteria grew in target tissue 4th week after the procedure. There were two cases of lung atelectasis but no pulmonary fibrosis occluded in group B. Conclusions Interventional pulmonary lobectomy might be obtained after the target bronchus and pulmonasy alveoli were filled with emulsion of dipiodal and alveolar cells damage liquors and then the target bronchus was occluded with PMMA.

BACKGROUND: Hypoxia inducible factor-1 α(HIF-1 α) is not only related to physiological reaction of hypoxia,but also takes part in normal embryonic development.OBJECTIVE: To study the alteration of HIF- 1 α in retina during rat development.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: Randomized contrast animal study,which was performed in the Shandong Provincial Molecular Virus Key Laboratory,Medical College of Qingdao University between January and September 2007.MATERIALS: Adult Wistar rats,nulliparity,clean grade,and weighing 200 250 g were used in this study.METHODS: Male and female rats were caged as the ratio of 1 : 1.Embryos were obtained at 12-day,16-day,and 20-day pregnancy.Eyeballs were obtained from newborn rats by anesthesia at 1-day,5-day,10-day,and 12-month birth.Retina was separated and made into paraffin section.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expressions of HIF 1 α protein and HIF-1 α mRNA in retina were measured by immunohistochemistry and semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction at various dine points of embryonic development.RESULTS: HIF-1 α positively expressed at stratum neuroepitheliale retinae and purpurogenous membrane in the embryonic phase.Additionally,HIF-1 α still positively expressed at stratum neuroepitheliale retinae and purpurogenous membrane,especially in ganglionic cells and inner plexiform layer,in early development.With the gradual development,the positive expression was mainly located at stratum ganglionare retinae.HIF-1 α protein and mRNA expressions were the highest in the embryonic phase,lower in the development,and the lowest in the adult period.There were significantly differences among these three phases (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: HIF-1 α decreases gradually in retina and its expression is mainly located at stratum ganglionare retinae.