Cryoablation,a kind of physical ablation for tumor treatment,is minimally invasive,safe and effective.Studies suggest that cryoablation can not only kill tumor cells directly,but also the anti-tumor immune response triggered by cryoablation plays an important role in inhibiting the growth of local tumors and eliminating the residual tumor cells.

The ankle sprain is very common in clinic. It will be sprained again if it is not handled properly, and even develop into chronic ankle instability which will affect people's daily life and exercise. This paper discussed the soft tissue techniques, especially kinesio taping, applied for ankle sprain in clinical. As a non-invasive therapy, soft tissue taping can relieve the symptoms of ankle sprains, stable ankle, improve ankle function and prevent recurrent ankle sprain, which is worthy of further research and application.

Objective To study the effect of lesion level and completeness on activities of daily living(ADL) of patients with spinal cord injury(SCI).Methods The functional status of 313 SCI patients were assessed using the Functional Independence Measurement(FIM),and FIM scores were calculated for statistical analysis with different lesion levels and completeness.Results FIM scores presented significant differences among cervical-level group,thoracic-level group and lumbar-level group(P<0.05～0.01).Patient with a high lesion level had lower FIM score.In the same lesion level group,FIM scores presented significant differences between the incomplete SCI patients and the complete ones(P<0.05～0.01).However,the lumbar lesion patients had no significant differences in FIM score between the complete group and the incomplete group(P>0.05).Conclusion FIM can objectively reflect the ADL level in SCI patients with different lesion level and completeness.

AIM: To use qualitative and quantitative RP HPLC for the sepatation and determination of flavonoids found in the leaves of Acer truncatum bunge in spring, summer and autumn. METHODS: The determination of three kinds of flavonoid aglycones was carried out with Diamonsil TM C 18 column (4.6 mm?250 mm,5 ?m), using methanol water(1% acetic acid) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min -1 and detected at the wavelength of 360 nm. RESULTS: The average recovery of quercetin was 100.4%, RSD =1.61%( n =5). The average recovery of kaempferol was 102.5%, RSD =1.77%( n=5 ). The average recovery of isorhamnetin was 102.3% , RSD =1.63%( n=5 ) CONCLUSION: Isorhamnetin and kaempferol in the leaves are reported here for the first time. The methods were simple, rapid and reliable and could be used to control the quality of the herbal medicines prepared from the leaves of Acer Truncatum Bunge.

Objective:To elucidate the etiology of the impairment of myocardial cells in Keshan disease. Methods:With intracellular microelectrode technique, we observed the electrophysiological changes of the eight groups of rats fed separately:normal, low Se, low Se+high VC, low Cr, low Cr+high VC, low Se+low Cr and low Se+low Cr+high VC fodders. Results:Compared with the control, there was no change in low Cr group. However, in low Se group, RP and APA decreased, APD 50 and APD 90 prolonged. In low Se+low Cr group, APA decreased, APD 50 and APD 90 prolonged significantly. In low Se with high vitamin C groups, though RP still decreased, no change had been detected on APA and APD. Conclusion:It is suggested that Se and Cr deficiency may jointly change the electrophysiological properties of myocardial cells significantly. However, vitamin C may protect myocardial cells against the injury effectively.

Objective To reveal the incidence and types of acid-base disorder (ABD) of critically ill patients in emergency.Methods The clinical data of critically ill patients in the resuscitation room were collected prospectively from December 1,2008 to March 31,2009.Both arterial and venous blood samples were collected to detect arterial blood gas analysis and serum electrolytes simultaneously and their ABD were analyzed.Results Of totally 766 cases,the incidence of ABD was 97.3％ (745 cases).Among ABD the simple acid-base disorder ( SA BD) was 149 cases ( 20.0％ ),dual acid-base disorder (DABD) 525 (70.5％ ) and triple acid-base disorder (TABD) 71 (9.5％ ).After calculating anion gap (AG),the incidence of TABD increased from 12 to 71 cases and the missed diagnosis rate were 83.1％ (59 cases) and after calculating potential HCO3-,the incidence of TABD increased from 8 to 71 cases and the missed diagnosis rate were 88.7％ (63 cases).The age of patients with TABD (77.9 ± 10.7 years old) was older ( P ＜ 0.01 ) than that of other two groups of SABD and DABD as well as APACHEⅡ score (25.9 ± 7.1 ) and incidence (22.5％ ) of MODS in TABD were higher (P ＜0.01 ).The mortality of patients with TABD on the first,second,third and seven day were 14.1％,23.9％,26.8％ and 38.0％ respectively and significantly higher than those in SABD and DABD (P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01 ).Conclusions The incidence of ABD was 97.3％.Calculation of AG and potential HCO3- would help find metabolic acidosis and TABD.The age and APACHEⅡ score were key factors to poor prognosis of patients with TABD.

Objective: To observe the effects of vitamin C(VC)on the electrophysiological property of myocardial cells of the rats fed with low selenium and high cadmium fodder. Method: Eight groups of rats were fed separately with: normal (2 groups), high Cd, high Cd+high VC, low Se+high Cd, low Se+high Cd+high VC, high Se+high Cd and high Se+high Cd+high VC fodder for 14 w. With intracellular microelectrode technique, the electrophysiological changes of rats were observed. Results:Compared with the control, there were no changes in high Cd+high VC group and in high Se+high Cd+high VC group. However,in high Cd group, RP and APA decreased, APD50 and APD90 prolonged; in low Se+high Cd group ,RP and APA decreased, APD50 and APD90 prolonged significantly; in low Se+high Cd+high VC group and high Se+high Cd group, though RP still decreased, no change had been detected on APA and APD. Conclusion: Se deficiency and simultaneous Cd overabundance may change the electrophysiological properties of myocardial cells of the rats significantly. However, VC may protect myocardial cells against the injury effectively.

To study the dynamic changes of CT perfusion parameters during the first 12 h in the embolic cerebral ischemia models. Local cerebral ischemia model were established in 7 New Zealand white rabbits. All CT scans were performed with a GE Lightspeed 16 multislice CT. Following the baseline scan, further CT perfusion scans were performed at the same locations 20 min, 1-6 h and 8, 10 and 12 h after the embolus delivery. Maps of all parameters were obtained by CT perfusion software at each time point. The brains, taken 12 h after the scan, were sliced corresponding to the positions of the CT slices and stained by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). On the basis of the TTC results, the ischemic sides were divided into 3 regions: core, penumbra and the relatively normal region. The changes of all parameters were then divided into 3 stages. In the first two hours (the first stage), the CBV dropped more remarkably in the core than in the penumbra but rose slightly in the relatively normal region while the CBF decreased and MTT, TTP extended in all regions to varying degrees. In the 2nd-5th h (the second stage), all the parameters fluctuated slightly around a certain level. In the 5th-12th h (the third stage), the CBV and CBF dropped, and MTT and TTP were prolonged or shortened slightly in the core and penumbra though much notably in the former while the CBV, CBF rose and MTT, TTP were shortened remarkably in the relatively normal region. We experimentally demonstrated that the location and extent of cerebral ischemia could be accurately assessed by CT perfusion imaging. The pathophysiology of the ischemia could be reflected by the CT perfusion to varying degrees.
Blood Flow Velocity ; Brain Ischemia/physiopathology ; Brain Ischemia/*radiography ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Stroke/physiopathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the relationship between the plasticity of dendritic spines in entorhinal cortical neurons and mechanism of low-dose ketamine-induced reduction of cognitive dysfunction following sevoflurane anesthesia in aged rats.Methods Thirty-six pathogen-free healthy male SpragueDawley rats,aged 18 months,weighing 500-600 g,were divided into 3 groups (n=12 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),sevoflurane anesthesia group (group Sev) and ketamine group (group K).Group C received no treatment.Group Sev inhaled the mixture of air (flow rate 1 L/min) and 3.6％ sevoflurane for 3 h.In group K,ketamine 10 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally,and 5 min later the mixture of air (flow rate 1 L/min) and 3.6％ sevoflurane was inhaled for 3 h.Open field test and Morris water maze test were performed 3 days after anesthesia.After the behavioral tests,the animals were sacrificed,and their brains were removed and cut into sections for determination of the density of neurons,density of dendritic spines,and expression of postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) and synaptophysin (SY38) in superficial laminaes (Ⅱ-Ⅲ) of entorhinal cortex using Nissl's staining,Golgi staining and immunohistochemistry,respectively.Results Compared with group C,the time of staying at the central region was significantly shortened,the escape latency was prolonged,the density of dendritic spines was decreased,and the expression of PSD-95 and SY38 was down-regulated in group Sev (P＜0.05).Compared with group Sev,the time of staying at the central region was significantly prolonged,the escape latency was shortened,the density of dendritic spines was increased,and the expression of PSD-95 and SY38 was upregulated in group K (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the density of neurons in entorhinal cortex between the three groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which low-dose ketamine attenuates cognitive dysfunction induced by sevoflurane anesthesia may be related to the enhanced plasticity of dendritic spines in entorhinal cortical neurons of aged rats.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment strategy of mammary duct ectasia.Methods The clinical data of 59 cases with mammary duct ectasia from January 2006 to December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively.Results The main clinical manifestations of mammary duct ectasia were mammary inflammatory mass in 46 cases,nipple discharge in 21 cases,nipple retraction in 18 cases,mammary abscess and mammary fistula in 8 cases.Definite diagnosis of mammary duct ectasia depended on pathology.All the patients were treated by operation,followed up for 3 months to 6 years,and none of them had recurrence.Conclusions Operation is the main method of curing mammary duct ectasia.To select proper operation time and method according to disease type,lesion size,location and scope.Thorough resection,repeat rinsing,wound clearance and immediate breast shape can not only cure disease,but also reserve breast configuration as possible.Therapeutic effect is satisfactory.