From ethyl acetate fraction of Chinese Anthopleura xanthogrammica B, collected from Qingdao beach, three new glycerolipids named 1-O-hexadecanoyl-2-O (9-oc-tadecenoyl )-3-O-( 9, 12-octadecadienoyl ) glycerol (3)'1-O-hexadecahoyl-3-O-(14-eiosyle-cenoyl)glycerol (4)and l-O-(9,12-octadecadienoyl)-2-O-(9,12-octadecadienoyl)glycerol (5) as well as two lipidic acids named 9,12-octadecadienoic acidd) and 9,14-docosandienoic acid (2) were isolated. Their structures were identified by various spectrial(IR,PNMR ,CNMR, MS,et al)analysis and chemical conversion.

Object To search for bioactive secondary metabolites from marine organisms, the marine sponge Cinachyrella australiensis was collected from Hainan Island, Southern China Sea to develop the efficient drug for human beings. Methods Silic gel flash chromatography in association with reverse phase semipreparative HPLC was performed for the isolation and purification of the ethanol extracts, and extensive spectroscopy including 2D NMR spectra as well as the comparison of the spectral data with those reported in literatures was applied for the structure elucidation. Results Seven nucleotidoids were isolated and identified. They are named as 2-methyl-6-amino-9-(2-deoxy-?-D-ribofuranosyl)-purine (Ⅰ), 2′-deoxyadenosne (Ⅱ), 6-amino-9-?-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-punne (Ⅲ), uracill (Ⅳ), thymine (Ⅴ), thymidine (Ⅵ), 1-(2-deoxy-?-D-ribofuranosyl) uracil (Ⅶ). Conclusion The sponge C. australiensis is systemically separated, and then two kinds of nucleotidoids compound are extracted.

Objective:To investigate the chemical constituents from Avicennia marina.Methods:The isolation and purification of the CH2Cl2 and n-BuOH fractions of this plant were performed,and the chemical structures were elucidated by spectral analysis as well as comparison of their spectral data with literature values.Results:Three novel compounds were obtained and identified as erythro-guaiacylglycerol-?-ferulic acid ether(1),marinnone A(16) and marinnone B(17),along with eighteen known compounds as threo-guaiacylglycerol-?-ferulic acid ether(2),eleutheroside E2(3),(+)-lirioresinol A(4),dihydroxymethyl-bis(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran-9-O-?-glucopyranoside(5),(+)-lyoniresinol 3a-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(6),(-)-lyoniresinol 3a-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(7),epi-pinoresinol(8),leucoseceptoside A(9),jionoside C(10),salsaside A(11),ilicifolioside A(12),acteoside(13),isoacteoside(14),ethyl ferulate(15),avicennone D(18),avicenone E(19),avicennol C(20),and stenocarpoquinone B(21).Conclusion:Three new compounds(1,16 and 17) were obtained and thirteen known compounds,2-12,14 and 15 were isolated from Avicennia genus for the first time.

Objective To establish a novel chronic compressive cervical spinal cord injury rat model,to validate the chronic pathological characteristic.Methods Fifty-four SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,including control group(n =6),acute compressive group(4 h,24 h,respectively.n =6),and chronic compressive group(4 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h and 1week,respectively.n =6).Two sizes of water-absorbing polyurethane polymer sheets were implanted into C5～6 epidural space on postero-lateral side in acute and chronic compressive group respectively,to induce a consistent compression in the cord after expanded.While a laminectomy on C5～6 was performed only in control group.The neurological integrity,MRI signal change in the cords,large motoneuron number in the ventral horn,and myelin staining intensity on posterior funiculus were studied.Results In the acute group at 4-24 h,the compression was confirmed significantly on T2WI image,as well as hypointense signal change intramedullary.These changes were consisted with intramedullary bleeding,tissue necrosis.Large motoneuron number(P ＜ 0.05),rather than myelin staining intensity (P ＞ 0.05),was significantly decreased compared with the control group and chronic compressive group.BBB score was 6.0 at 24 h.In the chronic group:cord distortion with progressive compression was observed on T2WI image,but without intramedullary bleeding signal change.At 4-12 h,intramedullary edema,central canal distortion were seen in the cords.Large motoneuron number and myelin staining intensity decrement were not significant(P ＞0.05).BBB score was 20.6.At 24-72 h,central canal enlargement,venous congestion,and edema were observed.Large motoneuron number was less than that in the control group.In the compressive epicenter,nerve fiber disorganization or rupture was observed.Myelin staining intensity decreased significantly after 48 h and 72 h compression (P ＜0.05).BBB score was 19.3.At lweek,vacuolation changes were noted and large motoneuron decreased (P ＜ O.05),as well as myelin density and staining intensity (P ＜ 0.05),suggesting nerve fiber demyelination.BBB score was 17.5.In the control group,there was no neurological deficit and pathological change in the cords.Conclusion The pathology and MRI characteristic consistent with chronic compressive injury change,which proved this method is able to induce a chronic course on the rat model,and established a reliable model foundation for cervical myelopathy.

To study the chemical constituents of sea anemone, Anthopleura stell Verrill.Methods　The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by chromatographic methods and their structures elucidated by chemical evidences and spectra data.Results　5 nucleosides were obtained and identified from the ethanolic extract as 2-hydroxy purine (Ⅰ); deoxyinosine (Ⅱ); 1-methylxanthosine (Ⅲ); deoxyguanosine (Ⅳ), and deoxyribo-thymidine (Ⅴ).Conclusion　Compound Ⅲ was a new natural product， while the others were found from sea anemone for the first time.

Objective To study the chemical constituents from mangrove Excoecaria agallocha.Methods The chemical constituents were separated and purified by chromatographic methods after solventextraction and were identified by spectroscopic analyses(EI-MS,1D NMR).Results Twelve compoundswere isolated from this plant and identified as:14-taraxeren-3-one(Ⅰ),dibutyl phthalate(Ⅱ),?-amyrin(Ⅲ),18-oleanen-3-ol(Ⅳ),18-oleanen-3-one(Ⅴ),phaeophytin A(Ⅵ),betulin(Ⅶ),?-rosasterol(Ⅷ),?-sitosterol(Ⅸ),betulinic aicd(Ⅹ),oleanolic acid(Ⅺ),ursolic acid(Ⅻ).Conclusion CompoundsⅦ,Ⅷ,Ⅹ,andⅫare isolated from this plant for the first time.

Object Isolation and structural identification of xanthone derivative from medicinal plant Swertia mileensis T N Ho et W L Shih were carried out Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by extensive silica gel column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by chemical evidences and spectral analysis Results There were 12 xanthone analogues named 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 4, 5 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅰ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 7 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅱ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 5, 7 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅲ); 1, 5 dihydroxy 2, 3 dimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅳ); 1, 5 dihydroxy 2, 3, 7 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅴ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 5 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅵ); 1, 5 dihydroxy 2, 3, 4, 7 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅶ); 1, 8 dihydroxy 2, 3, 6 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅷ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 4, 7 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅸ); 1, 2, 3, 5 tetromethoxyxanthone, (Ⅹ); 1 hydroxyl 2, 3, 4, 6 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅺ); 1 hydroxyl 2, 3, 6, 8 tetramethoxyxanthone, ( ⅩⅡ ) Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, Ⅶ ⅩⅡ were first isolated from S. mileensis

Objective: To investigate the secondary metabolites from Chinese marine Sponge Cinachyrella australiensis. Methods: Column chromatography techniques including HPLC were used for the separation and purification of the compounds, and extensive spectral analyses including various 2D NMR spectra were employed for structure elucidation. Results: Nineteen compounds were obtained ,including 2 methyoxy 6,12,15 trien 8 yne octadecanoic acid(1), 2 benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester(2), 1,2 benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2 ethylhexyl)ester(3), ( ) (3S) 1,2,3,4 tetrahydro ? carboline 3 carboxylic acid(4), L Tryptophan (5), p hydroxylbenzaldehyde (6), p hydroxyl benzylethanol(7), p hydroxyl benzyl propanol(8), cholesta 4 en 3 ol(9), 2 methyl 6 amino 9 (2 deoxy ? D ribofuranosyl purine(10), 2' Deoxyadenosine (11), 6 amino 9 ? D ribofuranosyl 9H purine (12),uracil(13), thymine(14), thymidine(15), 1 (2 deoxy ? D Ribofuranosyl)uracil(16), 1 ethyl ? (2 deoxy) ? D ribofuranos(17),isolumichrome(18),and zarzissine(19).Conclusion:Compounds 1 and 18 are new natural products,and compounds 2 to 17 as well as 19 are isolated from this species for the first time.

Purpose To investigate the relationship between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) of the parotid gland and detect the gene expression products of EBV harbouring in LELC cells. Methods Thirty-two parotid LELCs were collected from the Departments of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China during the period of January 1986 and December 1995. All the 32 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks had been consecutively re-sectioned again. Immunohistochemical and in situ nucleic acid hybridization methods for detection of EBV gene encoded products were performed. Results (1) 32 LELCs were found out of 125 parotid gland carcinomas, the frequency was 25.6% (32/125). (2) All of the 32 specimens contained a variable number of EBNA-1 and EBERs positive neoplastic cells. (3) Twenty-seven out of 32 specimens (27/32, 84.4%) had a portion of carcinoma cells expressing LMP-1. (4) No ZEBRA positive cell could be found. (5) EA-D, VCA and MA positivity rates for these 32 parotid LELCs reached to 71.9%(23/32), 68.8%(22/32), and 12.5%(4/32), respectively. Conclusions (1) The parotid gland LELC is frequently to be seen in Guangzhou locale of China, where is a high-incidence area of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The parotid gland LELC and NPC are co-prevalent in Guangzhou locale. (2) This disease is also consistently associated with EBV infection. (3) The EBV infection of the parotid gland LELCs is essentially the type of latency Ⅱ, expressing EBNA-1, EBERs and LMP-1. (4) The latent infected EBV harbouring in LELC cells could in part be switched over to lytic cycle, producing EA-D, VCA or/and MA.

It has been shown that Spirulina platensis can regulate imminological functions.We report here that crude extract and purified components (phycocyanin and polysaccharide) from Spirulina platensis can induce secretion of IL 2 in splenocyte of BALB/C mice by means of MTT method.In the present study,we showed that all experimental components can't enhance proliferation of CTLL which was used in MTT method,but induce IL 2 secretion in splenocyte of BALB/C mice in three different concentration (0.01,0.1,1 g?L -1 ).Indeed the purified components especially phycocyanin part showed stronger IL 2 inducing activity than the crude one.IL 2 level was grow up when the incubation time of splenocyte and Spirulina platensis increased.In the concentration of 1 g?L -1 ,detected Spirulina platensis in our study assist IL 2 inducing of ConA (2mg?L -1 ) in splenocyte of BALB/C mice.