If heart function is normal, the atrial cells are excited in a stable rhythm. But this would change during atrial fibrillation. In this paper, after comparing with the method of characteristic point, we use the dominant frequency method to analyze the activation pattern under sinus and atrial fibrillation rhythm in different parts of atria based on epicardial mapping system. It is found that the activation rhythm changes a lot in different parts of atria, and the automaticity of atrial cells change obviously in somewhere. The result shows that dominant frequency method is very suitable for the analysis of atrial fibrillation signal. What's more, we also roughly discuss the role of this method in exploring the driving sources during atrial fibrillation.
Atrial Fibrillation ; Epicardial Mapping ; Heart Atria ; Humans

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol changes at different time in acute cerebral infarction.Methods The clinical data of 62 patients with acute cerebral infarction (acute cerebral infarction group) were analyzed retrospectively,and 60 healthy cases in the same period were recruited as control group.The plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels at 8:00,16:00 and 24:00 of two groups were detected by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.Results Plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels at 8:00,16:00 and 24:00 in acute cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those in control group [(20.5 ± 4.2) pmol/L vs.(10.4 ±2.6) pmol/L,(18.9 ±4.9) pmol/L vs.(8.5 ± 2.1) pmol/L,(18.1 ±3.8) pmol/L vs.(7.1 ±2.4) pmol/L and (542 ± 76) nmol/L vs.(469 ± 65) nmol/L,(528 ±43) nmol/L vs.(341 ± 33) nmol/L,(499 ± 32) nmol/L vs.(196 ±27) nmol/L](P＜0.05); plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels of severe degree acute cerebral infarction at different time were higher than those of light conditions (P＜0.05 ); plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels at different time of acute cerebral infarction patients with good prognosis were significantly lower than those of the persons with poorprognosis(P＜0.05).Conclusion Plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol testing at different time has clinical significance in determining the condition and prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is one of the blood supply patterns in malignant tumor,and the molecular mechanism of breast malignant tumor VM is complicated.The plasticity of tumor cells and variety of molecules regulation play important roles in the mechanism of VM.At the same time,the hypoxic microenvironment and microRNA (miRNA) are associated with the occurrence and development of VM,especially in breast malignant tumor,and they are expected to become important diagnostic and prognostic indicators in breast cancer.

[Objective]To observe the expressional variability and correlation of cox-2 and p53 protein between osteosarcoma and osteochondroma and explore their clinical significance.[Method]Sixty Specimens divided into 2 groups were taken from the department of pathology,Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University during 1998~2004.Among them,40(24 male and 16 female)aged 8~38(18.68?6.47)at time of therapy were from cases of osteosarcoma excision;20(13 male and 7 female)aged 9~27(17.95?4.77)from benign lesion of bone(osteochondroma)operation.Immunohistochemistry staining(Streptavidin-Peroxidasc,S-P method)was performed to detect the expressions of cox-2 protein and p53 protein in 40 cases of osteosarcoma.The criteria of positive expression was that brown granule was found in cytoplasm(cox-2)or in nucleus(p53).The percentage of cox-2 or p53 positive expression in five high power fields was cunted randomly in each case.Positive(-):positive oncocytes account 50%.Software SAS v6.12 was used in data analysis.The difference of cox-2 and p53 expressions between osteosarcoma and osteochondroma was analyzed with Chi-square Test.Spearman method was used,with the standard ?=0.05,to analyze the relationship between cox-2 and p53 expression among osteosarcoma.[Result]The positive rate of cox-2 and p53 expressions were 67.5% and 55.0% in osteosarcoma,there was noticeable distinction between osteosarcoma and osteochondroma,most of them was high.There was a positive correlation between them,rs=0.58,P

Objective To study the function of the important members of MMPs in breast cancer and their correlation with lymph nodes metastasis through making groups according to vascular thrombosis status showed by pathological diagnosis and detecting the expression of MMP-2,-9,-13,-14 in order.Methods Fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of MMP-2,-9,-13,-14 in 30 cases of breast cancer patients in both groups (negative and positive vascular thrombosis groups).Streptavidin-peroxidase methods (S-P) immunohistochemical method was employed to detect the expression of ER,PR,HER2,P53 and Ki-67 in breast cancer tissues.The data were analyzed by t test etc.Results Lymph nodes metastasis was significantly more in vascular thrombosis positive group than in negative group(P ＜ 0.05 ).MMP-2 and -13 were overexpressed in vascular thrombosis negative group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Breast cancer patients with positive vascular thrombosis have a more apparent trend of lymph nodes metastasis.MMP-2 and MMP-13 mRNA play a negative regulatory role in intravasation of tumor cells by producing substances that may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and intravasation.

Objective To develop a simple microfluidic chip technology for analyzing the electrotaxis of cancer cells . Methods The basic structure of the proposed microfluidic electrotaxis chip included a straight microchannel and liquid storage pools located on both sides of the microchannel .Two platinum electrodes were inserted into the liquid pools to create a controllable direct current ( DC ) field in the microchannel .The distribution and strength of the DC field in the microchannel was analyzed by the finite element analysis software COMSOL multiphysics and experiment tests .Finally, the electrotactic behavior of the rhabdomyosarcoma RD cells in the DC field of different strength was characterized using the accumulated distance, average velocity, x forward migration index ( xFMI) and y forward migration index ( yFMI) as quantitative parameters.Results The results of element analysis and experiments showed that the structure of the designed microfluidic electrotaxis chip was able to guarantee a uniform and strength-controllable DC field in the microchannel .The experiment of cell electrotaxis showed that the RD cells migrated toward the anode of the DC field .Meanwhile , the values of xFMI and accumulated distance for RD cells increased with the enlargement of the DC field , with the strength ranging from 188 to 1320 V/m.Conclusion The microfluidic chip technology developed in this paper for assaying the electrotaxis of cancer cells is simple and easily implementable , and it can be used for studies of the electrotactic behavior and underlying mechanisms of various cancer cells and normal cells in the future .

Objective To discuss the role of miRNA-374a in invasion and metastasis of breast cancer.Methods Breast tissues from 48 patients(32 patients with breast cancer)were classified into high invasive and metastatic group(HIMG,group A),low invasive and metastatic group(LIMG,group B),and normal group (group C).Each group contained 16 specimens.6 samples were selected randomly from each group and were detected by microRNA array.Key microRNA (miRNA-374a)was selected and its target protein(BMP-2) was predicted by bioinformatics software.The rest 10 specimens of each group were detected by real-time qRT-PCR and Western blot to test the content of miRNA-374a,mRNA and protein of BMP-2.Correlation analysis was performed between miRNA and the target protein.SPSS 18.0 was used to make statistical analysis.Results The relative content of miRNA-374a was higher in group C than in group B,higher in group B than in group A(P ＜ 0.05).BMP-2 mRNA level was higher in group A and group B than in group C (P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of BMP-2 protein was lower in group C than in group B,lower in group B than in group A(P ＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that miRNA-374a was negatively correlated with BMP-2 protein(P =-0.412 8).Conclusion miRNA-374a inhibits the invasion and metastasis by regulating BMP-2 in human breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: The aseptic loosening of prosthesis has become one of the most obvious matters after operation of prosthesis replacement. OBJECTIVE: To verify the effect of ibandronate on early fixation of implants by local application. METHODS: Forty-four Zelanian rabbits were used in the experiment. A standard animal model of the rabbits' both tibia was embedded with metal screw into the proximal end. Ibandronate at 1 mg/L was sprinkled locally in the left tibia of every rabbit (experimental group), while saline solution was given in the right tibia (control group). (P < 0.001). These findings indicate that, local application of ibandronate solution can obviously promote new bone formation at the earlier period, improve early fixation of implants and decrease the incidence of aseptic loosening of prosthesis.

Objective To explore the clinical effects and safety of treatment for colorectal cancer to pulmonary metastases with percutaneous multiple electrodes radiofrequency-2000 (RF-2000) under CT-guided.Methods 26 pulmonary metastatic tumors in 11 cases were treated with RF-2000. The following extents were observed: (1) blood pressure,pulse rate and oxygen saturation during the treatment;(2)the variety of the liver function,the lung function and renal function after treatment;(3) the variety of the volume and low dense shadow of tumors after treatment;(4)the survival rate for 5 years. Results (1) The blood pressure,pulse rate and oxygen saturation were not changed during the treatment;(2) the liver function,the lung function and renal function after treatment were also not changed;(3) the volume of tumors were increased one month after treatment,three months later,23 lesions of 26 tumors were disappeared,2 decreased to more than 80% and 1 to 50%~80% in volume,and the low dense shadow within the tumors appeared as Ⅰtype (less than 50%) in one,Ⅱtype (50%~80%) in 3 and Ⅲ type (more than 80%) in 22;(4)The survival rate for 5 years was 81.82%(9/11). Conclusion The clinical effects and safety of treatment of colorectal cancer to lung metastases with percutaneous radiofrequency-2000 (RF-2000) under CT-guided is excellent.

Objective:To review the research hotspots and evolution of electroencephalogram (EEG) biofeedback in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by knowledge mapping software.Methods:Based on web of science core collection database,we searched the literature with keywords (EEG biofeedback OR neurofeedback) AND (ADHD OR attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) in topic and time limit set before December 31,2015.319 literature were accepted,using the CiteSpace to depict the hot keywords,cited references and countries.Results:United States of America,Germany,Netherlands were top 3 countries in publishing papers of EEG biofeedback in ADHD.Based on burst of cited references,the research evolution of EEG biofeedback in ADHD could be divided into three stages.The hotspots of EEG biofeedback in ADHD were Slow Cortical Potentials protocol and double-blind placebo-controlled study.Conclusion:Future research should focus on the mechanism of EEG biofeedback and such known protocols for individualized treatment,or be designed along the lines of learning theory.