Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of extracorporeal shock wave combined with orthopaedic insole on plantar fasciitis. Methods: A total of 153 plantar with plantar fasciitis were randomly divided into a combined group (n=51), an extracorporeal shock wave group (n=53) and an orthopaedic group (n=49). The combined group received treatment of both extracorporeal shock wave and orthopaedic insole while the extracorporeal shock wave or the orthopaedic group only received the treatment of extracorporeal shock wave or orthopaedic insole. The therapeutic parameters such as visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, continued walking time and thickness of the plantar fascia were monitored before and atf er the treatment for 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months, respectively. Results: The VAS scores in the 3 groups were all reduced after the treatment compared with the corresponding scores before the therapy (P<0.05). hTe VAS score in the extracorporeal shock wave group was greater than that in the orthopedic group atfer the treatment for 2 weeks. hTe VAS score in the combined group was smaller than that in the orthopedic group atfer the treatment for 2 weeks and 3 months (P<0.05). hTe VAS scores in the orthopedic group and the combined group were smaller than those in the extracorporeal shock wave group after the treatment for 1 month or 3 months (P<0.05). The continued walking time and thickness of the plantar fascia was improved after the treatment (P<0.05). hTe cure rate and total effective rate in the combination group were obviously greater than those in the two other groups. hTe cure rate in the orthopedic group was greater than that in the extracorporeal shock wave group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Extracorporeal shock wave combined with orthopaedic insole therapy is an effective method to treat plantar fasciitis. It is recommended to spread in clinic.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods:lncRNA-mRNA microarray was conducted on the liver tissue samples from 10 patients with simple gallbladder stone (5 NAFLD liver samples and 5 normal liver samples),and the differentially expressed lncRNA was analyzed by bioinformatics technology.Results:Compared with the normal liver samples,there were abnormal expression of 1 735 lncRNAs and 1 485 mRNAs in NAFLD liver samples.Among them,535 lncRNAs and 760 mRNAs were up-regulated,1 200 lncRNAs and 725 mRNAs were down-regulated.Conclusion:Compared with normal liver,the expression oflncRNA in NAFLD tissues is obviously abnormal.These lncRNAs may play an important role in the occurrence and development of NAFLD.

A nutrition survey, covering a total of 4801 preschool children in 6 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, has been carried out. The objective was to determine the effects of various dietary patterns on the blood hemoglobin, free erythrocyte proporphyrin, and serum ferritin values. The results indicated a high prevalence of iron deficiency (average 51.9%). Iron deficiency anemia was detected in 16.4% of the children examined and the incidence rate was particularly high among infants at the age group of 6 months and one year, which was 28.7% and 22.9% respectively. The dietary patterns were different in the above geographic areas. The results of dietary survey revealed that a low incidence of iron deficiency was found in those children who consumed more animal food and protein.

Though Runx2 and Osterix are both key transcription factors in the pathway of osteoblast differentiation, whether Runx2 positively regulates Osterix being unknown. It was showed that Runx2 induced the gene expression of Osterix both in the non-osteoblastic cell lines, either pluripotent or differentiated, and in the osteoblastic cell lines. At the same time, the results also indicated that Runx2 up-regulated the activity of the 3.2 kb human Osterix promoter. Further experiments identified a highly conserved and functional Runx2 binding site "AGTGGTT" within the promoter. Thus the results support the hypothesis that Runx2 is involved in the regulation of the Osterix gene expression. Moreover, the transient transfection and dual-luciferase assay showed Osterix up-regulated the activity of the 2.3 kb type Ⅰ collagen promoter in the non-osteoblastic cells, but Runx2 did not. This difference implies that Osterix, the down stream transcription factor of Runx2 during osteoblast differentiation, is needed to stimulate the osteoblast-specific gene expression of type Ⅰ collagen.

Objective To understand the histological characteristics of the major endocrine organs of tree shrew , and provide a normal histological atlas of endocrine organs of tree shrew .Methods Ten artificially fed healthy tree shrews were killed and dissected after anesthesia .The thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pituitary glands were observed by gross inspection and samples were taken for routine histological examination with HE staining .Results ( 1 ) The thyroid gland was pale yellow, located on both sides of the 2-4 tracheal rings.The thyroid gland was plate-shaped, its surface was covered with a thin fibrous capsule . The thyroid parenchyma was divided into several lobules by stretched capsule membrane .Follicular and parafollicular cells were distributed in the lobules , and red colloid was present in follicular cavity.(2) Each side had one parathyroid , located on the cranial or the outer surface of the middle part of the thyroid gland, and was slightly covered by thyroid .The gland was round or oval , and its parenchyma was made up of the principal cells and eosinophil cells , and acinar structure appeared in the parenchyma .( 3 ) The adrenal glands were oval , yellow color, located in the renal hili , and linked to the kidneys .They were surrounded by a thin capsule .The parenchyma was divided into cortex and medulla .The cortex was divided into zona glomerulosa , zona fasciculata and zona reticularis from outside to inside.The zona glomerulosa was the thickest layer and the zona fasciculata was the thinnest .The medulla cells formed clumps or mesh, with central vein in the central part .(4) The pituitary gland was located in the sella turcica , with no recessus hypophysis .The pituitary gland was composed of the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis .Its surface was covered with a connective tissue capsule .The pituitary gland was divided into distal part , middle part and pars tuberalis . neurohypophysis was made up of neural and pars infundibularis .Conclusions The histological atlas of endocrine organs in the tree shrew is established , which is close to that of the primate animals in the morphology , and provide histological evidence for the study of tree shrew endocrine organs and disorders , as well as the animal model of human diseases .

Objective To analyze and compare the differences in application of 24-hour dietary recall and dietary balance index (DBI) in dietary survey and evaluation of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,meanwhile investigate their nutrition status.Method This was a cross-sectional study.A total of 100 type 2 diabetes inpatients at the age of 19-59 were recruited from Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital from December 2013 to February 2014.They were surveyed and evaluated by 24-hour dietary recall and DBI respectively.Result The micronutrient intake in patients with type 2 diabetes was not sufficient.Compared with RNI,the intake of vitamin B1,B2,and calcium was less than 50％.The average of DBI lower bound score (DBI-LBS) of the 100 patients was 32.1±6.1,65％; the patients were in moderate or severe deficit of food intake.DBI higher bound score (DBI-HBS) was 4.4±2.8.No significant excess intake problem was found.Dietary quality distance was 36.4±6.9.Eighty-seven percent of them had a dietary patterns of mode B.Conclusion Dietary patterns in type 2 diabetes patients were not reasonable.Nutrition education and nutrition intervention for type 2 diabetes should be emphasized.The two methods can be used to evaluate dietary quality independently,but it would be better to evaluate the quality of the patients' diet using two dietary survey methods together.

Objective To study the isolation,culture, adipogenic and osteogenic induction Tupaia bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BM-MSCs).Method The BM-MSCs from tupaia were isolated and expended by combination of gradient centrifugation and adherence culture , then subcultured and observed for morphology under inverted phase contrast microscope.BM-MSCs were induced to adipocytes .and osteoblasts in vitro Result Cells were spindle or triangle-shaped, and clone proliferation .Cells were successfully induced into adipocytes .and osteoblasts Conclusions The method of isolation BM-MSCs from tupaia by combination of gradient centrifugation and adherence culture is simple and feasible , BM-MSCs have differentiation potential into adipocytes and osteoblasts .

Objective To investigate the infection status of Toxoplasma gondii in different colonies of tree shrews and then provide the basis for parasitological monitoring .Methods Each of the forty blood samples were randomly collected from three tree shrews colonies : wild origin, domesticated and first generation, respectively.Both indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) and PCR assay were used to detect the Toxoplasma gondii.Results No positive sample of Toxoplasma gondii was detected from either IHA or PCR results .The results from IHA and PCR assays were in coincidence with each other.Conclusions According to the survey none of the tree shrews from the three groups is infected with Toxoplasma gondii.More samples or infection experiments are needed to determine whether tree shrews can be infected with Toxoplasma gondii.

Seventy-five preschool children with hemoglobin content below 11 g/dl in kindergartens and nurseries were divided into five groups. The first, second and third groups were given 10 mg, 20 mg and 30 mg of iron in the form of ferrous sulfate syrup respectively every day for two months, while the fourth and fifth groups were given 100 mg ascorbic acid and 100 mg ascorbic acid plus 10 mg iron respectively every day for one month. The average hemoglobin content in the order of the five groups were 9.6?1.16, 10.6?1.34, 9.7?0.91, 9.7?0.85 and 11.0?1.86 g/dl respectively before treatment. After 1-2 months of iron or ascorbic acid therapy, the average hemoglobin contents raised to 12.0?.31, 12.0?1.06, 12.0?0.79, 11.0?1.86 and 12.7?1.37 g/dl respectively. There were highly significant differences (P

γ-Tocotrienol(γ-T3)is a common phytochemical belonging to a major subclass of natural vitamin E,mainly de-rived from palm oil and rice bran.Compared to saturated tocopherol(TOC),the γ-T3 side chain contains unsaturated bonds and forms isoprene chains.γ-T3 has therapeutic activity for various chronic diseases with broad potential applications,especially in inhib-iting tumor proliferation and invasion.With deeply research,more and more evidence suggests that γ-T3 plays an important role in inhibiting cancer cell migration and metastasis,inducing tumor cell apoptosis,arresting cell cycle and regulating cancer-related sig-naling pathways.Therefore,this article will review the anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of γ-T3.