Aromatase inhibitors(AIs) are standard therpy for postmenopausal women with estrogen responsive breast cancers.By inhibiting the aromatase enzyme,causing decreases in endogenous estrogens,the treatment of Als is responsible for lower bone mineral density(BMD) and increased fractures.Therefore,early recognition, prevention,and/or treatment of AI-induced bone loss is needed.Zoledronic acid is specific inhibitors of osteoclasts and extensively used in bone metastasis patients.Recently, there are several trials evaluating the use of in- travenous zoledronic acid as prevention and treatment of AI-induced bone loss in postmenopausal women with breast cancer.In this article, we aim to review the use of zoledronic acid in this population including the response and safety.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of tension-free inguinal hernia repair whether use of antibiotics prophylaxis.Methods A total of 204 cases of adult inguinal hernia were selected and they were divided into treatment group(51 cases)and control group(153 cases)under a hospital order by 1 ∶ 3 randomly.The patients in treatment group were treated by first-generation cephalosporin antibiotics once preoperatively,while the patients in control group received no antibiotics treatment.The incidence of early postoperative infection between two groups was compared.Results Among of 204 cases,5 cases developed surgical site infection,1 case from treatment group,infection rate was 2.0％ (1/51),while 4 cases from control group,infection rate was 2.6％(4/153).There was no significant difference in the infection rate between two groups(x2 =0.000,P =1.000).No significant difference was found in the results of complete white blood cell count,neutrophilic granulocyte ratio,hospital stays and hospital expenses between two groups(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion There is no real need to apply regular antibiotics prophylaxis treatment for adult tension-free inguinal hernia repair without high risk factors.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the occurrence of severe myelosuppression after chemotherapy and to improve its therapeutic effects. METHODS:A total of 288 cases of 268 patients with grade Ⅳ bone marrow suppression induced by chemotherapy treatment were analyzed. RESULTS:Of the 288 cases,The median day when absolute neutrophil coun(tANC)

Objective To evaluate the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin(rhEPO)on pressure induced retinal ischemic injury in rats.Methods The fluorogold(FG)tracing technique was used to observe the survival rate of the retinal ganglion cells(RGCs).Retinal ischemia was induced by increasing the intraocular pressure to 102 mmHg for 60 min in 20 Long Evans rats,then 5 ml rhEPO was injected into the right vitreous chamber immediately and normal saline into the left vitreous chamber as vehicle controls.Another 5 rats without any treatment served as normal controls.All animals were sacrificed at 1,4,7 or 14 d after reperfusion and RGCs were counted to assess the effect of rhEPO.Results The RGCs in eyes treated with intravitreal rhEPO were significantly higher than those in vehicle controls(P

Objective To observe the correlationship of serum leptin,adiponectin,Th1/Th2 cytokine and symptom severity in obese adult asthma patients,and investigate the pathogenesis of obese adult asthma.Methods From July to December in 2016,100 patients with asthma in the People's Hospital of Zhuhai,and 50 cases of healthy physical examination in the same period were studied.According to body mass,50 cases were divided into obese asthma group (A group),normal body mass asthma group(B group),obesity physical examination group (C group) and normal body mass physical examination group (D group),with 25 cases in each group.The serum leptin,adiponectin,INF-γand IL-4 were detected using ELISA,as well as did the concurrent pulmonary function and ACT.The correlationship of serum leptin and adiponectin,INF-γ,IL-4,pulmonary function and ACT were evaluated.Results The serum leptin,adiponectin,IFN-γ,IL-4 and IFN-γ/IL-4 in A group were (9.67 ±2.86) μg/L,(8.03 ± 3.69) mg/L,(83.69 ± 25.11) ng/L,(22.40 ± 10.92) ng/L,(4.67 ± 2.63),respectively,which in B group were (5.98 ± 3.03) μg/L,(12.30 ± 5.41) mg/L,(41.88 ± 24.25) ng/L,(7.10 ± 7.83) ng/L,(1.20 ± 0.83),respectively,which in C group were (7.02 ± 3.36) μμg/L,(11.52 ± 4.52) mg/L,(37.49 ±25.33) ng/L,(21.25 ± 9.65) ng/L,(2.00 ± 1.13),respectively,which in D group were (4.55 ± 2.33) μg/L,(15.13 ± 5.28) mg/L,(34.37 ± 12.46) ng/L,(21.25 ± 9.65) ng/L,(1.87 ± 1.21),respectively,the differences among the four group were statistically significant(F =19.435,13.114,33.252,23.250,31.750,all P ＜ 0.05);The leptin levels showed a negative correlation with ACT and FEV1 ％ Pred(r =-0.501,-0.384,all P ＜ 0.05),but a positive correlation with IFN-γand IFN-γ/IL-4(r =0.446,0.423,all P ＜ 0.05),and no correlation with IL-4 (r =-0.189,P ＞ 0.05).The serum adiponectin in A group was lower than that in B group,C group and D group (Z =3.207,t =3.532,5.520,all P ＜ 0.05),and showed a positive correlation with ACT and FEV1 ％ Pred (r =0.361,0.466,all P ＜ 0.05);and showed no correlation with INF-γ,IL-4 and IFN-γ/IL-4 (r =-0.155,0.108,-0.161,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The serum leptin in obese asthma patients has a higher levels and a positive correlation with clinical severity,and probably play a role in airway hyperresponsiveness by Th1 cytokine mediating.The serum adiponectin has a negative correlation with clinical severity,but no correlation with Th1/Th2 cytokine.

Abscess ; microbiology ; therapy ; Cellulitis ; Humans ; Nasal Septum ; microbiology

Effect of interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement-mediated expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) in synovial fibroblasts was investigated. Synovial tissue obtained from total knee arthroplasty was digested and cultured. Inverted microscope was employed to observe the synovial cells and immunocytochemistry (SABC method) staining was used to identify synovial fibroblasts. This experiment was divided into three groups according to different culture media: PMMA group (75 μg/mL PMMA bone cement particles), IL-6R antibody group (10 ng/mL IL-6R antibody+75 μg/mL PMMA bone cement particles), and control group (no IL-6R antibody or PMMA bone cement particles). Influence of IL-6R antibody and PMMA on proliferation of synovial fibroblasts was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). ELISA method was used to measure OPG and RANKL levels in culture solution. Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR (FQ-PCR) was used to detect the expression of OPG and RANKL mRNA. After three consecutive passages, more than 95% of the primary synovial cells became long spindle fibroblast-like cells. SABC staining results showed that the fibroblast-like cells were negative for anti-CD68 antibody and positive for anti-vimentin antibody, with brown madder stained. CCK-8 test demonstrated that the absorbance (A) value at 450 nm was significantly lower in IL-6R antibody group than in PMMA group and control group (P<0.01), but there was no statistically significant difference in A value at 450 nm between the control group and PMMA group (P>0.05). Results of ELISA indicated that the expression of OPG was significantly higher in IL-6R antibody group than in PMMA group and control group (P<0.01). The expression of RANKL was inhibited (P<0.05), and the ratio of OPG/RANKL was significantly increased in IL-6R antibody group as compared with PMMA group and control group. There was no significant difference in the expression of OPG between control group and PMMA group (P>0.05), but the expression of RANKL was higher in PMMA group than in control group (P<0.05), and there was a significant difference in the ratio of OPG/RANKL between them (P<0.05). Results of FQ-PCR revealed the expression of RANKL mRNA was significantly inhibited (P<0.01) and the expression of OPG mRNA was significantly increased (P<0.01) in IL-6R antibody group as compared with PMMA group and control group. The expression of RANKL mRNA was higher in PMMA group than in control group (P<0.05), but the expression of OPG mRNA had no significant difference between them (P>0.05). IL-6R antibody could significantly increase the expression of OPG, but inhibit the expression of RANKL, which might provide a theoretical basis of molecular biology for the prevention and treatment of aseptic loosening of prosthesis.

Objective:To investigate the value of histogram analysis of ultrasound gray scale in differential diagnosis of triple negative breast invasive ductal carcinoma (TN-IDC) and non-triple-negative breast invasive ductal carcinoma (NTN-IDC).Methods:Totally 195 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma confirmed by pathology in Hubei Cancer Hospital from September 2017 to July 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.According to immunohistochemical results after surgery, 195 patients were divided into TN-IDC group ( n=44) and NTN-IDC group ( n=151). All cases were retrospectively analyzed to observe the ultrasonoscopy histogram features of tumors and obtain the histogram parameters, including mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis and percentile gray-scale values. The histogram parameters of TN-IDC were compared with those of NTN-IDC. The ROC curves were constructed to observe the efficiency of differential diagnosis. Results:The values of variance, 90th and 99th percentiles in TN-IDC group were much lower than those in NTN-IDC group (all P<0.05). The values of mean, skewness, kurtosis and other percentile (1st, 10th, and 50th) values between the two groups were not significantly different(all P>0.05). The optimal cutoff value for the accurate identification of TN-IDC and NTN-IDC groups was 552.85 for variance[sensitivity 75.0%, specificity 79.5%, positive predictive value(PPV) 51.6%, negative predictive value(NPV) 91.6%, accuracy 78.5%, and area under curve 0.829, respectively]. The optimal cutoff value for the accurate identification of TN-IDC and NTN-IDC groups was 74 for 90th percentile (sensitivity 68.2%, specificity 57.6%, PPV 31.9%, NPV 86.1%, accuracy 60.0%, and area under curve 0.648, respectively). The optimal cutoff value for the accurate identification of the two groups was 107 for 99th percentile (sensitivity 75.0%, specificity 77.5%, PPV 49.3%, NPV 91.4%, accuracy 76.9%, and area under curve 0.772, respectively). Conclusions:Histogram analysis of ultrasound gray scale can provide certain value for the differential diagnosis of TN-IDC and NTN-IDC, the variance and 99th percentile values could perform better.

AIM:To explore the effect of Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4)-Notch signaling pathway blockade on the development of Thelper 17(Th17) cells in the asthmatic mice.METHODS:Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group, asthma group, normal saline group, anti-Dll4 antibody group, and immunoglobulin G group.The protein expression of Dll4 was detected by immunohistochemical staining.The proportion of Th17 cells in mouse spleen isolated CD4+ T cells was measured by flow cytometry.The protein expression of Th17 transcription factor retinoid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) was determined by Western blot.The serum level of interleukin (IL)-17 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS:The expression of Dll4 in the lung tissues from asthma group significantly increased as compared with anti-Dll4 antibody group.The proportion of Th17 cells in CD4+ T cells was significantly down-regulated, and the protein expression of RORγt in the lung tissues was significantly reduced in anti-Dll4 antibody group compared with asthma group (P<0.05).Moreover, the serum level of IL-17 in anti-Dll4 antibody group was significantly reduced compared with asthma group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The blockade of Dll4-Notch signaling pathway inhibits the differentiation of Th17 cells in asthmatic mice.

Objective To explore the efficiency and the clinical application value of non-invasive prenatal genetic testing for fetal chromosomal aneuploidy.Methods A total of 1 865 pregnant women treated in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from January 201 1 to January 2013 were selected.Inclusion criteria:advanced age,prenatal screening for high risk,and fetal abnormality indicated by color ultrasonography,agreeing with non-invasive prenatal genetic testing.After non-invasive prenatal genetic testing, the pregnant women with positive result underwent cell culture and chromosomal karyotyping.Following the situations after deliv-ery were designed as the final criteria for definite diagnosis of fetal chromosomal aneuploidy.Results A total of 1 865 pregnant women underwent non-invasive prenatal genetic testing,of which 21 pregnant women were found with positive result,including 14 pregnant women with trisomy 21,5 pregnant women with trisomy 18,2 pregnant women with trisomy 13.The results of chromo-somal karyotyping after amniocentesis or umbilical cord blood puncture were designed as golden standard.Among the women with trisomy 21,one woman refused the prenatal diagnosis,self induced labor and could not be confirmed karyotype.No false positive case was found among the women with trisomy 18 and 13.No missed diagnosis was found among the pregnant women with negative result during follow-up after delivery.Through statistical analysis of non-invasive prenatal fetal genetic testing,the sensitivity for the trisomy 21 was 100%,and the accuracy was 92.9%.The sensitivity and accuracy for the trisomy 18 and 13 were 100%.Conclu-sion Non-invasive prenatal genetic testing can improve the diagnostic efficacy before delivery,reduce the birth of ill infants,and it is a quick,safe,easy-accepted and reliable prenatal diagnostic method,which is worthy to be popularized and an inexorable trend of development in the future.