Objective To observe the central retinal artery (CRA) hemodynamics of diabetic patients befroe and after treatment with fosinopril.Methods 19 cases (38 eyes) were treated with fosinopril,10 mg/d.Peak systolic velocity (Vs),mean velocity (Vm),endodiastole velocity (Vd),pulse index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of CRA were measured before and one month after treatment using color doppler flow imaging and compared with that of controls.Results Before treatment with fosinopril the CRA Vs,Vm and Vd of the patents were lower but PI and RI were higher than that of controls.After treatment the CRA Vs,Vm and Vd of the patients were increased but PI and RI were decreased (P

The cultivation of practice ability of public health personnel was studied, in order to adapt to the new public health system requirements in practical ability training. With integrating the teaching contents, setting experiment course independently, implementing 'Process-experiment', establishing the experimental skills evaluation system of the formative assessment and summative assessment, public health personnel's practice ability has been improved.

Aim To investigate the effect of 4-Amino- 2-Trifluoromethyl-Phenyl Retinate on human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and the possible mecha-nisms. Method Human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were incubated with different concentrations of ATPR in vitro. MTT assay was performed to measure the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 . Cell growth curves were made by counting cells and morphologic changes were observed by Wright-Giemsa staining. The differ-entiation marker mucin-1 ( MUC-1 ) was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) . Cell cycle was examined by Flow cytometry ( FCM ) . The expression of retinoic acid receptors ( RARs) and reti-noid X receptors ( RXRs ) were detected by Western blot and Quantitative real-time PCR (q-RT-PCR),re-spectively. Results Compared with solvent group, ATPR could inhibit the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells in a time-and dose dependent manner and induce the maturing and normality of morphology. The express of MUC-1 was significantly decreased, and the progres of cell cycle was blocked in the G0/G1-phase. The ex-pression of RARγ was decreased. Conclusions AT-PR could inhibit proliferation and induce differention of MDA-MB-231cells, it′s associated with RARγ.

Objective To analyze the differences in microRNA (miRNA) expression between A549 and A549/DDP cells and explore the association between miRNA expression and drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods The drug resistance of A549/DDP cells was evaluated using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry.Microarray technique and RT-PCR were used to analyze the differential expression of the miRNA between A549 and A549/DDP cells.Enforced or inhibited target miRNA expression in cisplatin resistant cell was used to investigate whether miRNA involve in modulating the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to chemotherapeutic agent,exploiting the emerging knowledge of miRNA for the development of new human therapeutic applications for overcoming anticancer drug resistance and trying to discover biomarkers that were better able to predict the cancer chemotherapy sensitivity.Results The drug resistance index of A549/DDP cells relative to the parental A549 cells was 18.Microarray analysis of A549 and A549/DDP cells identified 51 differentially expressed genes (≥4-fold),including 24 up-regulated and 27 down-regulated genes in A549/DDP cells.RT-PCR identified 9 miRNA that were differentially expressed between A549 and A549/DDP cells.Of these differentially expressed miRNA,miR-376c,miR-31,miR-29a,miR-221 showed significantly increased expression,and miR-196a,miR-20a,miR-20b,miR-17,miR-451 showed significantlylowered expression in A549/DDP cells as indicated by the results of microarray analysis and RT-PCR.DDP sensitivity was increased 11.7 ％ in A549/DDP cells transfected with miR-17,but the chemosensitivity was decreased when miR-451 was over-expressed or miR-29a was inhibited by selective inhibitor,the reduction was 15.5 ％,12.9 ％,respectively,whereas chemosensitivity did not change when miR-376c,miR-31,miR-221 were inhibited or miR-196a,miR-20b,miR-20a were over-expressed.Conclusion A549/DDP cells show a different miRNA expression profile from its parental A549 cells,suggesting the involvement of miRNA in tumor cell drug resistance.miR-17 has the potential to be an efficient agent for preventing and reversing DDP-resistance in NSCLC.These results provide a strong rationale for the development of miRNA-based therapeutic strategies aiming to overcome cancer cell resistance.

Objective To determine the prevalence and the risk factors for childhood obesity in Changsha and Shenzhen, China.Methods A case-control study was conducted in 209 obese children (the cases) identified in the investigation on childhood obesity in 6 288 children aged 6 to 9 years in Changsha and Shenzhen in China and 209 children with normal weight (the controls). The cases and controls were matched by gender, age, and school. Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the risk factors were measured.Results The prevalence rate of overweight and obese children was 9.28% and 3.30% in Changsha, and 12.17% and 4.22% in Shenzhen, respectively. The rate of overweight children is significantly higher in Shenzhen than in Changsha. No statistical difference was observed in the rate of obesity between the children in both cities. Paternal obesity (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.01 to 3.16), maternal weight gain during pregnancy ≥15.0 kg (OR 5.22, 95% CI 2.78 to 9.80), birth weight ≥4.00 kg (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.24 to 5.26), unhealthy snacks ≥1 per week (OR 3.94, 95% CI 1.11 to 13.99), and watching television ≥2 hours per day(OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.01 to 5.47) were associated with childhood obesity when potential confounding factors were adjusted by multi-variable logistic regression analysis. Conclusion Paternal obesity, gestational weight gain, high birth weight, and unhealthy life-style are important risk factors for obesity in urban children in south China.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical characteristics and short-term survival of patients with splenomegaly and acute-on-chronic liver failure related to chronic HBV infection.

METHODSElectronic medical records of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure were collected to analyze the clinical parameters and 4-week survival of patients with or without splenomegaly.

RESULTSOf the 149 patients enrolled, the overall 28-day mortality rate was 48.3%, which was lower in patients with enlarged spleen than those without (34.2% vs 54.1%, P=0.034). Compared with patients without splenomegaly, patients with splenomegaly had lower platelet counts (P=0.001), lower ALT levels (P=0.005) and lower PT-INR (P=0.010). Although the occurrence of hepatic encephalopathy was comparable between patients with or without splenomegaly, severe conditions were more frequent in those without splenomegaly. Hepatic encephalopathy grades, serum creatinine levels, neutrophil percentages over 70%, PT-INR and splenomegaly were independent factors associated with the 28-day survival, and this novel model was superior to model of end-stage of liver disease in predicting the 4-week survival (P=0.017).

CONCLUSIONPatients with splenomegaly that evolves into acute-on-chronic liver failure have unique clinical characteristics and further clinical observations are warranted.

Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure ; mortality ; physiopathology ; Chronic Disease ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Splenomegaly ; mortality ; physiopathology

Objective:To study the relationship and the role of leptin in children with biliary atresia and hepatic fibrosis to provide a treatment basis for these patients.Methods:The clinical data of children with biliary atresia or congenital biliary dilatation (CBD) who underwent surgical treatment at the Department of General Surgery of Tianjin Children's Hospital from August 2019 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Of 31 children included in this study, there were 14 males and 17 females, with age of 60 (30, 63) d. Children with biliary atresia served as the study group ( n=26) and children with CBD served as the control group ( n=5). Leptin protein, α-smooth muscleactin (α-SMA) and phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) in liver tissues were detectd by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The expression level of leptin mRNA in liver tissues were detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results:The average optical density values of leptin protein, α-SMA protein and p-ERK1/2 protein in the liver tissues of children in the study group were significantly higher than the control group ( P<0.05). The expression levels of leptin, α-SMA and p-ERK1/2 in liver tissues of children with biliary atresia significantly increased with increase in fibrosis degree ( P<0.05). The expression level of leptin in liver tissues of children with biliary atresia was positively correlated with the liver fibrosis grade ( rs=0.876), α-SMA ( r=0.723) and p-ERK1/2 ( r=0.725) ( P<0.01). The results of qRT-PCR showed that the content of leptin mRNA in liver tissues of children with biliary atresia was significantly higher than that of children with CBD ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Expressions of leptin increased with aggravation of degrees of hepatic fibrosis in biliary atresia. Leptin may be involved in activation of HSCs through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in the process of hepatic fibrosis due to biliary atresia.

Objective To summarize and evaluate the characteristics of current recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) animal models at home and abroad, and to provide reference and guidance for the standardized preparation of RSA models. Methods"Recurrent spontaneous abortion" and "animal model" were used as co-keywords in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed and Web of Science databases to search the RSA animal experimental literature, covering the period up to January 20, 2024, and a total of 1 411 articles were collected. The analysis focused on construction methods and essential elements of RSA animal models, the modeling process and result evaluation, as well as the application of these models in pharmacological and pharmacodynamic research. An Excel table was established for systematic analysis and discussion. Results A total of 138 experimental studies were obtained after screening. In constructing RSA animal models, immunological models were the most widely used in Western medicine (96.92%), with the Clark model being the main one (92.31%). In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) models, 70.00% were kidney deficiency-luteal inhibition-syndrome combination models, 20.00% were kidney deficiency and blood stasis models, and 10.00% were deficiency-heat syndrome models. Most animals were selected at 6-8 weeks (33.86%) and 8 weeks (32.28%) of age. The majority of animals were paired for mating at 18:00 on the day of cage pairing. In 81.03% of literatures, vaginal plugs were checked once the following morning, with 8:00 being the most common time (17.02%). The most commonly used drug administration cycle was 14 days of continuous gavage after pregnancy. Among the tested drugs, Western drugs were mainly protein-based (29.17%), while TCM drugs were mainly TCM decoction (81.11%). The most frequently used methods for detecting indicators included visual observation of embryos (22.54%), western blot (15.96%), PCR (13.58%), ELISA (12.91%), HE staining (10.80%) and immunohistochemistry (9.39%). Conclusion The etiology of RSA is complex, and corresponding animal models should be established based on different etiologies. Clark model is commonly used in the construction of Western medicine model, while the kidney deficiency-luteal inhibition-syndrome combination model is predominant in TCM. RSA animal model is widely used in related research, but systematic evaluation needs to be strengthened.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of minimally invasive aortic valve replacement with Perceval sutureless aortic bioprosthesis in upper ministernotomy or right anterior thoracotomy. Methods From March to November 2022, the patients with simple aortic valve disease were enrolled in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of West China Hospital, Sichuan University. After preoperative evaluation, Perceval sutureless bioprosthesis was successfully used to perform aortic valve replacement through the upper ministernotomy or right anterior thoracotomy. The perioperative clinical data and ultrasonic measurement data of all patients were recorded. Results A total of 5 patients with simple aortic valve disease were included, including 3 females and 2 males, with a mean age of 71.2 years. Perceval sutureless bioprosthesis was successfully implanted in 5 patients, with a success rate of 100%. There were 3 patients receiving upper ministernotomy and 2 patients receiving right anterior thoracotomy. Two patients underwent ascending aortic plasty at the same time. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 61.0 min, and aortic cross-clamping time was 32.2 min. All patients were discharged successfully without perivalvular leakage, atrioventricular block or stroke. Conclusion The implantation method of Perceval sutureless bioprosthesis is simple, which can effectively reduce the perioperative risk by shortening the overall operation time, cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross-clamping time. At the same time, its clinical application has promoted the development and popularization of minimally invasive aortic valve replacement, which together with Perceval sutureless bioprosthesis effectively combinates surgical effect and minimally invasive treatment, and has a good clinical application prospect because of its reliable safety and effectiveness.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of two-stage retrograde hybrid repair for acute aortic dissection involving the aortic arch complicated with distal malperfusion syndrome. Methods From May 2019 to December 2022, the patients presented with acute aortic dissection involving the aortic arch complicated with distal malperfusion syndrome treated in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of West China Hospital, Sichuan University were enrolled. After preoperative evaluation, all patients underwent priority emergency interventional surgery to improve distal malperfusion, and then underwent two-stage hybrid surgery to repair proximal aortic lesions. The perioperative clinical and imaging data were retrospectively analyzed. Results Five patients were collected, including 4 males and 1 female, with a median age of 58 years. The main manifestations were lower limb ischemia and renal insufficiency in 3 patients, and poor intestinal perfusion in 2 patients. All patients were given priority to interventional surgery to implant graft stents or bare stents and necessary branch artery intervention, and then successfully performed two-stage hybrid surgery, including type Ⅰhybrid surgery for 2 patients, type Ⅱ hybrid surgery for 1 patient and type Ⅲ hybrid surgery for the other 2 patients, with a success rate of 100.0%. All patients were discharged successfully, and the function of the organs with poor perfusion returned to normal. Only 1 patient recovered to grade 4 muscle strength of the diseased lower limbs upon discharge. No adverse events such as amputation, exploratory laparotomy and intestinal resection or long-term hemodialysis occurred. Conclusion The application of two-stage retrograde hybrid repair in the surgical treatment of acute aortic dissection involving the aortic arch complicated with distal malperfusion syndrome is safe and effective, and is helpful to improve the perioperative survival rate, and clinical outcomes of such patients.