Objective Looking into the causes of self-regeneration obstacle of the wild Phellodendron amurense population in order to provide the reference for the sutdy of the germination mechanism. MethodsThe germination and seedling growth were observed by taking cabbage, wheat, and P. amurense as the tested objects and the sarcocarp and seed of P. amurense were extracted by alcohol and ethyl ether. Results The extract in sarcocarp and seed of P. amurense could decrease the germination rate of cabbage, wheat, and P. amurense seed, also inhibit the seedling growth in different levels. The inhibitory effect was getting stronger and stronger following the concentration increased. The ethyl ether extract showed the best inhibitory effect, while the water extract had no significant effect. The embryo, emdosperm, and cotyledon of P. amurense were extracted by distilled water, and among them the cotyledon had the strongest inhibition. Conclusion There are some substances with the better inhibitory effect in the sarcocarp and seed of P. amurense, which can inhibit the growth of itself and other plants significantly. The substance with the inhibitory effect exits mainly in cotyledon.

A rapid and sensitive method based on biotin-avidin mediated competitive enzyme-linked immu nosorbent assay(BA-ELISA) was established for the determination of ketamine.The optimal concentration of coated antigen and anti-ketamine monoclonal antibody were found to be 2.0 and 10.2 mg/L.The concentra tions of biotinylated goat anti-mouse IgG(Biotin-IgG) and streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase(SA-HRP) were optimized and the optimum results were found to be 0.29 and 1.0 mg/L, respectively.The linear range of the presented method was from 0.1 to 1000 μg/L, and the limit of detection was found to be 0.03 μg/L.The recoveries of ketamine spiked in human serum and urine were between 94% and 102%.Comparing the result of traditional ELISA, the present BA-ELISA method had a lower detection limit for ketamine.The experimental results indicated that the present BA-ELISA method was specific and sensitive.

Objective To establish a less-damage method for tracheal intubation so as to improve the quality of post-cardiac arrest syndrome.Methods Thirty rabbits wvere divided into 3 groups of 10 rabbits each according to the random number table:group A receiving direct endotracheal intubation after anesthesia,Group B separation of cervical tissue and retrograde tracheal intubation after anesthesia and Group C percutaneous retrograde tracheal intubation after anesthesia.After the intravenous injection of forskolin,cardiac arrest was induced by endotracheal tube clamping.After 5 minutes of untreated arrest,conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated.Changes in arterial pressure,occurrence of post-resuscition syndrome and survival time were examined in all groups.Results Groups A,B and C showed 40％,60％ and 80％ success rate in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (P ＜ 0.01) and animal survival time of 23.4 hours (11.6-35.8 hours),62.7 hours (29.4-88.6 hours) and 79.5 hours (40.9-118.2 hours) (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Percutaneous retrograde tracheal intubation is suitable to increase cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate and survival rate in rabbits with post-cardiac arrest.The model has good stability and repeatability and can be used for study of post-cardiac arrest syndrome.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of neonatal congenital tongue base cyst.Methods:This retrospective study involved 35 neonates with congenital tongue base cyst diagnosed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Xi'an Children's Hospital from June 2013 to December 2019. General information, clinical manifestations, supplementary results, treatment and prognosis of these babies were described.Results:(1) The median age at the onset of the disease was 12.5 (0~28) d and the median age at admission was 15 (0~28) d for these babies. The main clinical manifestations were laryngeal stridor (28/35, 80.0%), inspiratory dyspnea and crying, especially when feeding (26/35, 74.3%) and choking and spitting with feeding (23/35, 65.7%). (2) Among the 35 cases, 15 (42.9%) required emergency endotracheal intubation due to significant dyspnea when were admitted to the NICU and five out of them were considered for having tongue base mass under laryngoscopy, while the other 10 cases underwent bedside electronic laryngoscopy after endotracheal intubation, in which space-occupying lesions were found. Tongue base cyst was considered in seven cases with laryngeal stridor complicated by protracted pneumonia using fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The other 13 cases were examined by electronic laryngoscope and considered as tongue base cyst. Thirty-five cases underwent cervical ultrasound and only five of them were considered as tongue base tumor. Thirty-two cases underwent cervical CT scan and only two of them were normal. Three cases were found to have tongue base cyst by cranial MRI. (3) Thirty-four cases were treated by radiofrequency ablation assisted with self-retaining microlaryngoscope and general anesthesia, while the other one firstly received puncture and drainage under direct laryngoscope due to the difficult intubation because of the huge tongue base cyst and then underwent surgery when stable. Only one case (2.9%) relapsed after surgical treatment during regular follow-up.Conclusions:Neonatal congenital tongue base cyst has an early onset and atypical clinical manifestations. Electronic laryngoscopy/fiberoptic bronchoscopy combined with neck CT or MRI examination should be performed promptly in patients with laryngeal stridor and inspiratory dyspnea to facilitate the accurate diagnosis and timely surgery is required for.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the molecular basis for a pedigree affected with coagulation factor V (FV) deficiency. METHODS: Clinical data of the patient and his family members was analyzed. Targeted capture and next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing were carried out to detect potential variant of the FV gene. RESULTS: The patient presented with jaundice and prolonged prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastic time (APTT). V factor activity measured only 0.1% of the normal level, though the patient had no sign of bleeding. A paternal heterozygous variant c.653T>C (p.F218S) and a maternal heterozygous variant c.3642_3643del (p.P1215Rfs*175) were identified in the FV gene of the patient. His elder brother was a heterozygous carrier of the c.653T>C (p.F218S) variant. c.653T>C(p.F218S) was a known pathogenic variant, while the c.3642_3643del (p.P1215Rfs*175) variant was unreported previously. CONCLUSION Mutations of the FV gene probably underlie the hereditary coagulation factor V deficiency in this patient. NGS combined with Sanger sequencing has detected potential variant with efficiency and provided a reliable basis for clinical and prenatal diagnosis for this family.
Aged ; Factor V ; Factor V Deficiency ; genetics ; Genetic Variation ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Phenotype

Objective:To analyze the clinical features of moderate or severe neonatal hemophilia, and improve the understanding of this disease.Methods:Eleven cases of neonates with moderate or severe hemophilia admitted to our NICU from January 2012 to June 2019 were enrolled.The clinical features, laboratory data, treatments and prognosis of these 11 neonates were retrospectively analyzed.Results:All the neonates were male, and were diagnosed hemophilia A. Seven neonates presented with intracranial hemorrhage including one case complicated with cerebral hernia.Only two of these neonates with intracranial hemorrhage had neurological abnormalities.One case presented with right adrenal hematoma, and one case presented with retroperitoneal hematoma.Jaundice was observed in nine cases, and seven cases, jaundice appeared within two days after birth, whose earliest was 12 hours after birth, and the highest total bilirubin was 388 μmol/L.All cases had prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time.All neonates had decreased activity of coagulation factor Ⅷ including eight moderate and three severe neonatal hemophilia A. Four cases had genetic testing.Three cases infused with fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate and the rest treated with coagulation factorⅧ infusion.Ten cases improved after treatment, and one case abandoned treatment.Conclusion:Moderate or severe hemophilia is often complicated with intracranial hemorrhage or abdominal hemorrhage, often accompanied with hyperbilirubinemia.Imaging examination should be performed to exclude occult bleeding, and coagulation function and coagulation factor activity should be detected as soon as possible.Blood coagulation factors are infused according to the different expected factors of different bleeding sites.

Parkinson′s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people. In addition to motor symptoms, PD also has many non motor symptoms, such as dysosmia, constipation, cognitive impairment, etc. Among them, dysosmia is a common non motor symptom of early Parkinson′s disease. Research has confirmed that olfactory dysfunction (OD) can appear before the typical clinical symptoms of PD, which is of great significance to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, at present, the pathogenesis of OD is still unclear, and the inspection methods have not been unified, and there is no complete cure. This article reviews the latest research progress of dysosmia in Parkinson′s disease.

Objective To investigate the effect of down-regulating adenosine deaminase acting on RNA-1(AD AR1)on the radiosensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma cells.Methods Lentiviral transfection was used to establish an ADAR1 knockdown cell line based on A549 cells.Then the cells were divided into negative control(shNC)and ADAR1 knockdown(shADAR1)groups,which were followed by a single-dose irradiation of 0 Gy and 6 Gy X-rays.Western blotting and RT-PCR were utilized to detect the expression of AD AR1 at protein and mRNA levels,respectively.CCK-8 assay,wound healing assay and Transwell migration assay were applied to measure cell proliferation and migration abilities.Meanwhile,clone formation assay was performed to detect the effect of down-regulating ADAR1 on the radiosensitivity of A549 cells.Flow cytometry and Western blotting were conducted to detect the expression levels of apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2.Immunofluorescence assay and Western blotting were used to detect the expression level of γ-H2AX.Comet assay was performed to detect the level of cellular DNA damage.Twelve female nude mice(4～6 weeks old,weighing 16～18 g)were divided into shNC group,shADAR1 group,shNC+ionizing radiation(IR)group and shADAR1+IR group,with 3 mice in each group.The growth of tumor of different groups was observed with subcutaneous tumorigenesis assay.Results Western blotting and RT-qPCR showed that the protein and mRNA expression of ADAR1 were significantly reduced in A549 shADAR1 cells(P＜0.05).CCK-8 assay,wound healing assay and Transwell migration assay indicated that down-regulation of ADAR 1 inhibited the proliferation and migration abilities of A549 cells,and this inhibition trend became more obvious(P＜0.01)after IR.Cell clone formation assay showed that the clone formation rate of both groups was decreased,with the increase of radiation dose.But the number of formed clones was lower in the shADAR1 group than the shNC group.Flow cytometry and Western blotting displayed that down-regulation of AD AR1 increased the apoptotic rate and Bax expression in A549 cells(P＜0.01)and decreased Bcl-2 expression(P＜0.05),and the apoptotic rate and Bax protein level were further increased in A549 shADAR1 cells after IR(P＜0.01),and the Bcl-2 protein level was further decreased(P＜0.01).The number of γ-H2AX foci and protein level in A549 shADAR1 cells were significantly increased after IR(P＜0.05),and the results of comet assay showed that the DNA damage was more obvious in A549 shADAR1 cells after IR(P＜0.01).Subcutaneous tumorigenesis assay in nude mice showed that the growth of subcutaneous tumour of A549 shADAR1 cells was significantly inhibited after IR(P＜0.01).Conclusion Down-regulation of ADAR1 significantly inhibits the proliferation and migration of A549 cells after IR and promotes apoptosis and DNA damage,and thereby increases the radiosensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Objective To observe the influence of different energy windows of the medium-energy general-purpose(MEGP)collimator on image quality,so as to optimize the energy window of yttrium-90(90Y)bremsstrahlung SPECT imaging.Methods 90Y bremsstrahlung spectrum was acquired,and the sensitivity,percentage of the source counts in useful field of view(S/FOV%)and signal-to-background ratio(S/B)of 90Y bremsstrahlung SPECT imaging at MEGP under different energy windows were compared.Results The energy spectrum of 90Y bremsstrahlung was a continuous curve,with the peak of 76.2 keV with MEGP collimator.The images obtained with MEGP collimator were clear,and no significant differences of S/FOV%nor S/B was found between 10%and 20%window width groups(both P＞0.05),but the sensitivities of the latter was higher than the former(P＜0.05).The sensitivity of 70-90 keV images was relatively high,while the S/FOV%and S/B had decreased.The S/FOV%and S/B of images ranging from 40-60 keV were high,but the sensitivity was low.Images acquired with 100 keV±20%showed fairly high sensitivity,S/FOV%and S/B,which was 69.73%,0.62 and 1.64,respectively.Conclusion When performing 90Y bremsstrahlung SPECT with MEGP collimator,the image quality at 20%window width was better than at 10%window width,and 100 keV±20%showed fairly high sensitivity and not significantly decreased S/FOV%and S/B.

Vitamin D regulates calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, promotes bone growth, development and mineralization, therefore plays an important role in maintaining bone health. In recent years, the extraskeletal effects of vitamin D have received increasing attention with further research. Studies have shown that vitamin D is involved in the occurrence and development of various diseases, and vitamin D deficiency may lead to increased disease risk. However, there is still controversy over whether supplementing vitamin D brings definitely clinical benefits. This article reviews the extraskeletal effects and related mechanisms of vitamin D in obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, immunoregulation, oncogenesis and sarcopenia, providing information for further study on its biological activities and clinical applications.