Objectives:To investigate the morphologic changes of the colon in the rats after a total small bowel resection. Methods:Ten male Sprague Dawley(350～370 g) rats in the experimental group were undergone resection of total small bowel,and ten normal rats were randomly chosen as the control group.After supported by enteral nutrition for 3 months,rats were sacrificed and the colon harvested for morphologic parameters study. Results:The length,diameter,wet weight,crypt depth,mucosal thickness and kerckring height of the colon in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group( P

CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T- cell (Treg) play essential roles in maintaining self- tolerance, immune homeostasis and cancer immune system. Treg can suppress immune responses against self antigens or non-selfantigens such as tumor antigens. The immunosuppressive functions of Treg are widely acknowledged and have been extensively studied. Recent studies demonstrate the existence of Treg at tumor sites, implying that these Treg may induce antigen-specific and local immune tolerance. This review will discuss the ligands, mechanisms of immune suppression of Treg and its potential roles in cancer therapy.

Aiming at motion artifacts and off-resonance artifacts in multi-shot diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we proposed a joint correction method in this paper to correct the two kinds of artifacts simultaneously without additional acquisition of navigation data and field map. We utilized the proposed method using multi-shot variable density spiral sequence to acquire MRI data and used auto-focusing technique for image deblurring. We also used direct method or iterative method to correct motion induced phase errors in the process of deblurring. In vivo MRI experiments demonstrated that the proposed method could effectively suppress motion artifacts and off-resonance artifacts and achieve images with fine structures. In addition, the scan time was not increased in applying the proposed method.
Artifacts ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Motion ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Vibration

Objective To investigate the adaptive expression of brush-border disaccharidases in the residual digestive tract of rats following a total small bowel resection. Methods Mucosa was scraped off with a piece of glass from the colon,the cecum and the duodenum of the rats with a total small bowel resection (experimental group,n =10) and normal rats (control group,n =10). Diaccharidase activities were determined in accordance with the method of Dahlqvist. Results Specific activities and total activities of sucrase,maltase in the colon,the cecum and the duodenum in the experimental group were significantly greater than those in the control group( P 0.05). Conclusions Total small bowel resection caused significant adaptive expression of brush-border sucrase and maltase in the residual digestive tract in the rats after a total small bowel resection.

Objective To investigate the expression of phosphorylated RB (pRB) in the invasion front of papillary thyroid carcinoma and the clinical pathological implications. Methods Immunohistochemistry was ap-plied in analyzing pRB expression feature and the clinical pathological implications in a total of 82 patients who underwent total or subtotal thyroidectomy and neck lymph node dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Results The displacement of pRB proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm was observed in the invasive front of papil-lary thyroid carcinoma , which was an independent predictor of lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carci-noma. Conclusion Nuclear-cytoplasmic transport of pRB in the invasive front was an independent predictor of lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objective To construct MUC1-VNTR DNA vaccine pancreatic cancer. Methods The recombinant gene of VNTR was synthesized and cloned into MCS in the pcDNA3. 1/Myc-his ( + ) A vector. pcDNA3. 1-VNTR/Myc-his( + ) A was injected twice into C57BL/6( H-2b)female mice (V group, n = 15). Mice inoculated with either the empty plasmid vector ( D group, n = 15 ) or 0. 9% NaCl ( NS group, n, = 15) were used as control. Two weeks later, both humoral and cellular immunity of the mice were studied. Results The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3. 1 -VNTR/Myc-his ( + ) A encoded the whole exact translation frame region of the pcDNA3. 1/Myc-his ( + ) A vector and the recombinant gene of human VNTR. The transfected COS7 cells expressed transgene products at 48 hours after transfection. Intramuscular delivery of the recombinant plasmid into C57BL/6 mice resulted in more efficient induction of CTL lysis specific against VNTR polypeptide than the D group and the NS group (P

An alternative method based on an off-line solid phase extraction ( SPE ) combined with programmable temperature vaporizer-based ( PTV) large volume injection-gas chromatography-flame ionization detection ( LVI-GC-FID ) was developed. The goal of this study was to determine mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons ( MOSH ) in camellia seed oils. The purification condition of SPE columns with silver impregnated the activated silica gel and activated aluminum oxide was optimized. The optimal SPE cartridge was loaded with 10 g of Ag-activated silica gel per 10 g of activated aluminum oxide. The PTV initial temperature was set at 75℃ for 1 min (split 200:1), and heated from 75℃ to 370℃ at 250℃/min. Then the diverter valve was closed for 1 min and opened again with the split flow ratio changing to 50:1 . The injection volume was 40μL. The calibration curve of paraffin oil was liner in the range of 5-500 mg/kg with correlation coefficient of 0. 998. The detection limit (LOD) and the quantification limit (LOQ) of paraffin oils in hexane were 0. 26 mg/kg and 0. 80 mg/kg, respectively. The recoveries from spiked oil samples were between 93 . 3% and 112 . 7%, with relative standard deviation ( RSD ) of 1 . 8%-5 . 2%, the RSD of intra-day and inter-day were less than 2 . 6% . This procedure was applied to analyze the MOSH in 11 commercial camellia seed oils and the contamination was found to range from 6. 8 mg/kg to 76. 7 mg/kg. The method is simple in operation with high sensitivity, good reproducibility and low cost, and suitable for determination of MOSH in vegetable oils.

Objective To investigate the biological features and treatment of pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma. Methods A retrospective clinical analysis was conducted in 6 cases of pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma treated in our hospital from 1995 to 2005. The clinical features, imaging findings, therapy and pathology were analyzed. Results Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma was found in 3 men and 3 women with a mean age of 51. 8?10. 8 years. Tumor was located in the head of the pancreas in 4 patients, body in 1 and tail in 1. Three cases received pancreaticoduodenectomy, two did distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy, one underwent palliative operation. The mean size of the tumor was 5. 2 cm ? 4. 1 cm ? 3. 0 cm, pathologically primary tumor and the liver metastasis were mixture of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Tumor invaded the duodenal wall and common bile duct in 3 cases, portal vein was invaded in 1 case. Neural invasion was present in 4 cases. Lymphatic invasion was found in 3 cases. Postoperative mean survival time was 6. 7 months after the operation with patients finally dying of tumor recurrence and liver metastasis. Conclusions Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma is characterized by the mixture of adenomatous and squamous cell element with aggressive biological behavior. The prognosis of this tumor is poor demanding early diagnosis and proper surgical treatment.

Objective To analyse the factors that have effects on patients' procalcitonin (PCT)level after gastic surgery and to evaluate PCT as a parameter for detection of infectious complications.Methods A total of 153 patients undergoing gastric surgery were included in the study between Jul 2011 and Jan 2013.Temperature and routine blood samples for determining PCT level,neutrophil ratio,white blood cell count were obtained on postoperative days (POD) 1,3,7.Predictive values for each of the markers were examined.Results Postoperative complication,preoperative infection and surgery type affected the PCT level of patients on POD 1.Meanwhile,the independent factor that had influence on PCT level on POD 3 and 7 was postoperative complication.After excluding those patients with preoperative infection,patients with infectious complication exhibited significantly higher PCT levels (t =2.92,P ＜0.01,t =5.34,P ＜0.01,t =4.03,P ＜0.05) on POD 1,3,7 respectively),neutrophil ratio (on POD 3 and 7) and WBC count (on POD 3) than did those without complication.According to receiver operating characteristic analysis,PCT showed the highest AUC on POD 1,7 (AUC =0.89 and 0.87 respectively).In the patients without complication,the mean PCT value was (0.47 ± 0.97),(0.36 ± 0.50),(0.23 ± 0.24) ng/ml on POD 1,3,7 respectively.The PCT level declined 55％ from POD 1 to POD 3 and from POD 3 to POD 7.Conclusions The serum PCT level of patients without any complication showed a decreasing trend while PCT level of those with infectious complications increased significantly.Continuous monitoring PCT level could serve as a diagnostic tool for the early identification of infectious complication after gastric surgery.

Objective To determine the clinical value of hypergammaglobulinemia as a sentinel for autoimmune pancreatitis and avoid unnecessary pancreas resection.Methods All 14 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis or related pancreatic diseases underwent routine examinations,including liver function,CA199 and imaging.Measurement of serum IgG or IgG4 was performed for patients with clinically suspected or pathologically proved autoimmune pancreatitis.Clinical features were retrospectively compared between the AIP and non-AIP patients using x2 statistics with Yates correction or Fisher exact test.Results Ten cases were finally confirmed as autoimmune pancreatitis.All patients with autoimmune pancreatitis had elevated levels of serum γ-globulins,while only one case without autoimmune pancreatitis had elevated levels of serum γ-globulins.It was proved by subsequent antibody tests that serum IgG/IgG4 and γ-globulins were simultaneously increased.Conclusions Hypergammaglobulinemia can be used as a preoperative sentinel indicator for differentiating autoimmune pancreatitis from pancreatic malignancies and avoiding unnecessary pancreas operation.