The pericarp (1), aleurone layer (2), scutellum (3) (including the epiblast), embryo (4) (including radicle and plumule), and the outer (5) and inner (6) endosperm of two samples of kaoliang grain were separated by dissection. The ratio of the weight between the outer and the inner portions of endosperm is about 1:2.4. The contents of thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, total protein and xylose and the weight were determined separately for each part as well as for the whole grain.The results of analysis are given in Table 1 and the percentage distribution of the weight and the content of different nutrients of the whole grain in each part are shown in Table 2.More than 90％ of thiamin is present in scutellum and embryo, although the sum of their weights represents only about 10％ of the whole grain. The amount of this vitamin in the endosperm, the main portion of the polished grain, is only about 3％. Similar to the results obtained from other grains, the content of vitamin B_1 in the outer portion of the endosperm is higher than that in the inner part.The riboflavin content in the endosperm is about one fifth to one eighth of the other parts of the grain; owing to the high proportion of its weight, the percentage of riboflavin in the whole grain present in endosperm is about 30％. Thus the distribution of this vitamin is comparatively more even than that of thiamin and nicotinic acid.Nicotinic acid is largely concentrated in the aleurone layer. It is interesting to note that the content of this vitamin in the two samples of kaoliang is not the same, sample Ⅱ containing only about 70％ of that in sample Ⅰ. This difference can be almost entirely attributed to the difference in the quantity present in the aleurone layer. The content of nicotinic acid in other parts of the grain is similar in both samples tested.The total nitrogen content in the embryo is much higher than that in other parts of the grain. The amount present in the inner part of the endosperm is considerably lower than that in the outer part.Xylose is largely concentrated in the pericarp and the aleurone layer, which together represent about 70％ of the xylose content in the whole grain.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics and its diagnosis and treatment of the parotid gland tumor in children.METHODS The clinical data of 77 children with parotid gland tumor treated in Department of Head and Neck,Tianjin Cancer Hospital affiliated Tianjin Medical University from Dec.1985 to Dec.2007 were retrospectively studied.RESULTS Among the 77 cases,51 cases were benign tumor(66.2%),26 cases were malignant tumor(33.8%).Among the benign cases,hemangioma and lymphangioma were the most common diseases,which accounted for 37.3%(19/51).Mucoepidermoid carcinoma(34.6%, 9/26) was the most common malignancy.Sixty seven cases were treated surgically.Among 18 cases of the epithelial malignant tumors,7 cases treated combined with postoperative radiotherapy.During the period of following-up from 1 to 17 years,1 case of pleomorphic adenoma,1 case of malignant myoepithelioma and 1 case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma recurred. CONCLUSION The clinical and pathological features of parotid gland tumors in children were different from those in adults.The hemangioma,lymphangioma and teratoma are rare in adults but common in children.Half of the solid tumors of parotid gland in children are malignant,but only 23.7%in adults. The primary radical operation has great value to the prognosis of children parotid tumor.Although postoperative radiotherapy can reduce the risk of recurrence,oncogenesis in thyroid gland and the adverse effect on the orofacial development of radiotherapy in children need investigated clinically in future.

Vegetarian and mixed diets, supplying about 3000 Cal. and 8,5 gms. of protein daily, were given alternately to 6 adult men of 22-34 years old. In the vegetarian diet, composed of cereals, legumes and vegetables, about 20% of the total protein were supplied by the legumes. In the mixed diet, the legumes and part of the cereals of the above were replaced by meats, eggs and milk, furnishing about 50% of the total protein. The experiment consisted of 5 consecutive periods of 10 days each in the first three periods and 5 days each in the last two.Urinary nitrogen excretion of the experimental subjects during the period on vegetarian diet was lower than that on mixed diet. When the diet was changed from vegetarian to the mixed ration, urinary nitrogen remained low in the first two days and increased from the third day. However, when the change of diet was reversed, there was an immediat'e decrease of nitrogen excretion. The nitrogen balance was in favour of the vegetarian diet.The essential amino acid contents of the vegetarian diet were lower than that of the mixed diet. Therefore, better utilization of the protein in the vegetarian diet cannot be satisfactorily explained by essential amino acid index. With adequate caloric intake, 85 gms. of protein supplied daily either by vegetarian or by mixed diet may maintain nitrogen balance and protein storage in adult man.

Diet survey in this country has indicated that the adequacy of the supply of vitamin B is mainly determined by the quantity of this vitamin presence in the staple food consumed. Analysis of milled kaoliang grain obtained in the market shows a much lower than adequate content of the vitamin. In a previous report, it has been shown that the distribution of various nutrients in this grain is similar to those in other cereals. It is apparent that the study of the effect of the milling process on the nutritive value of kaoliang is of considerable importance both to the improvement of human nutrition and to the conservation of this staple cereal.Experiment was made by running a quantity of red kaoliang sample eight times through a standard commercial mill. Samples were withdrawn after each run for determining the amount of various parts of the grain retained and for the analysis of thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, protein, fat, crude fibre and xylose. The weight of the whole grain removed was also estimated.More than 70％ of the pericarp was found to have been removed in the first run. When 20％ of the total weight was removed, the amount of pericarp left was negligible. This was in accordance with the loss of crude fibre and xylose which showed a greater rate of removal during the first few millings.With the increase of the degree of milling, the ateurone layer, the scutellum and the embryo were removed nearly at a similar rate. At the earlier stage of milling, the loss of thiamin was at a lower rate than that of nicotinic acid and riboflavin. After 15％ of the bran had been removed, its loss became more rapid and ran parallel with that of nicotinic acid, while the removal of riboflavin was at a comparatively lower rate. This can be satisfactorily explained by the uneven distribution of these vitamins in different parts of the grain.The percentage of fat removed at different stages of milling was about the same as that of riboflavin. High degree of milling also caused a lower content of protein in the grain.For better controlling the degree of milling and for reducing the friction in the milling process, a laboratory mill was used in a second experiment. The results obtained were nearly similar to those stated above with the exception of a better retention of scutellum during the early stage of milling.It is suggested that 80％ extraction is likely to be the most rational degree of milling. Owing to the differences between varieties, this may be varied accordingly.It seems that the content of xylose may be used as an index for the degree oi milling.

Objective To understand the infection of ureaplasma urealyticum in genitourinary of secondary infertility of male and ex-plore the relationship between the genotype of individual ureaplasma species and genitourinary infection of them . Methods Based on the multiple-banded antigen genes (MBA) of ureaplasma urealyticum, 10 pairs of oligonueleotide primers targeting the 5'ends of the MBA genes were designed to identify the MBA genes of U. parvum and U. ureaplasma by PCR-based genotyping system. The 10 pairs of oligonucleotide primers could distinguish the two biovars and 14 serovars of U. ureaplasma. Results A total of 278 (48.6%) positive ureaplasma culture were obtained from 572 patients attending our clinic of reproductive medical eenter. These methods were used to identify and genotype U. ureaplasma in 311 (54.4%) of 572 patients with genitourinary infection among them U. parvum (biovar 1) was detected in 37.1% and U. ureaplasma (biovar 2) in 17.8%. serovar 1 was in 12.4%, serovars3/14 in 17.1% serovar 6 in 7.5%; subtype 1 of biovar 2 was in 5.6%, subtype 2 in 8.9% and subtype 3 in 2.8%, respectively. Conclusion The PCR-based genotyping system will facilitate future stud-ies of relationship between individual Ureaplasma species or subtypes in genitourinary of secondary infertility of male. The methods described here are relatively rapid, practicable, and specific for the detection species identification and subtyping of Ureaplasma species.

As a new type of functional material, magnetic thermosensitive polymeric microspheres offer high potential application in various fields, particularly in bioengineering and biomedical fields. In this review, the development of synthesis and application of magnetic thermosensitive polymeric microspheres was summarized, and the research trends were also discussed.
Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Magnetics ; Microspheres ; Particle Size ; Polymers ; chemistry ; Temperature

Objective This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)assessing the clinical efficacy of acupuncture for chronic stable angina(CSA).Methods PubMed,The Cochrane Library,Embase,CNKI,VIP,WanFang Data,CBM databases,ClinicalTrial.gov and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of acupuncture for CSA and only RCTs that included acupuncture as the sole or combination of acupuncture in the treatment of CSA.The retrieval period was from the establishment of the database to May 19,2022.The primary outcome measure was the frequency of angina attacks,and the secondary outcome measures were angina efficacy,total effective rate of ECG improvement,nitroglycerin use after treatment,patient-perceived overall effectiveness,performance on the Six-Minute Walk Test(6-MWT),depression as measured by the anxiety as measured by the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),adverse effects.Results Twelve studies with a total of 1605 case subjects were included and grade quality of evidence reviews had 1 outcomes as medium quality evidence,5 outcomes as low quality evidence and 4 outcomes as very low quality evidence.Acupuncture treatment resulted in significantly greater reductions in angina attacks,visual analog scale(VAS),6-minute walk test,angina efficacy,electrocardiogram improvement rate,angina efficacy,total clinical response rate.Conclusion The efficacy of acupuncture combined with western medicine in treating CSA is better than that of Western medicine alone,thanks to restricted by the number and quality of included researchs,higher quality studies are required to prove above conclusions.