Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infections in senile inpatients(≥75 years old) and to propose the control strategy according to the analysis. Methods A total of 2675 senile inpatients(≥75 years old) from 2007 to 2008 were prospectively evaluated and retrospectively reviewed. The infection incidence rate, infection fatality rate, average length of stay in hospitals, location of infections, main pathogenic bacteria and common protopathy were analyzed. Results Among 2675 senile inpatients, 222 senile inpatients suffered from nosocomial infection. Among all age groups in this hospital during the same period, the infection incidence rate and the infection fatality rate were higher in the senile group than in the general group(8.3% vs. 1.9%, 0.8% vs. 0.1%,both P<0.01). The average length of stay in our hospital was 54.0 days. The lower respiratory tract infections were most common, and the urinary system infections, and the blood infections. Gram-negative bacteria was the major source of nosocomial infection(47.0%, 110/234), while infection rate of Gram-positive bacteria was 32.9% (77/234) and fungus was 20.1% (47/234). The cerebral vascular disease was the most common protopathy, then malignant tumor was in 45 cases (20.3%), kidney disease was in 31 cases(14.0%), cardiac disease was in 29 cases(13.1%) and respiratory disease was in 21 cases(9.5%). Conclusions There are higher infection incidence rate, higher infection fatality rates,longer length of stay in hospitals in senile inpatients(≥75 years old). The lower respiratory tract infections were most common and Gram-negative bacteria was the major source of nosocomial infection. We should adopt active management to control the nosocomial infections.

In recent years,the prognosis and survival quality of tumour patient would be improved greatly through cell immunotherapy,which becomes the priority scientific research.Immunoeytes can kill the tumour cell directly or through immunoregulation.CD4CD8 double-negative T cells is a newly found subset of T cells whose SUlface express neither CD4 nor CD8.This article mainly introduces the advancement of one subet of DNT cell,DN Tregs,in tumor.

OBJECTIVE To understand the effect of the cleaning and disinfection of gastroscopes to prevent hospital infection.METHODS The biological monitoring of the gastroscopes from Jan 2007 to Dec 2007 was performed in a retrospective way.RESULTS Before implementation of the Technology Specifications of Cleaning and Disinfection of Endoscopes,the pass rate of the bacterial culture was 71.4%.After tmplementation strictly accordance with the norms after the implementation the qualified rate was 100.0%.CONCLUSIONS Equipped with the necessary cleaning and disinfection equipment,the standard procedures can prevent hospital infection.

Coronary heart disease has become a major threat of human health, and its incidence rate remains surprisingly high.In recent years, technology on its diagnosis and treatment has developed greatly.The present article made a review on related new diagnosis and treatment so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease.

The incidence of high myopia has increased yearly, which has been an area of focus for investigation. The complications of high myopia are contributing factors to blindness,such as posterior staphyloma, chorio-retinal atrophy, choroidal neovascularization, optic nerve head and macular defects. The study of histological changes helps clarify the mechanism. With the development of modern technology such as spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and enhanced depth imaging-technique, histological changes in high myopia can be measured accurately. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on various pathologic changes, including in sclera, Choroid/Bruch's membrane, optic nerve, vitreous and retina.

Objective: To investigate the effect of thalidomide and triamcinolone acetonide (TA) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Methods: The primary culture of HUVEC with collagenase Ⅰ was identified with FⅧAg. There were 3 groups in the study including thalidomide group(10, 25, 50 and 75 mg/L), TA and thalidomide group and control group. The absorbance ratio was measured through MTT-test. Results: Both thalidomide group and TA and thalidomide group showed inhibitor effect on the growth of HUVEC significantly(P < 0.01). The inhibitory effect was dose dependent. Compared to thalidomide group, the inhibitory effect was more significant in TA and thalidomide group(P < 0.05). Conclusion: Thalidomide can inhibit the growth of HUVEC; however, the effect was more significant in TA and thalidomide group.

Objective To study the optimal dose and reaction time of human leukocyte antigen B27(HLA‐B27)antibody in flow cytometry .Methods Take 52 cases of whole blood in patients with ankyl‐osing spondylitis(AS) .According to HLA‐B27 antibody doses ,samples were divided into two groups:5 μL group and 10 μL group .HLA‐B27‐positive rate were tested after 5 ,10 ,15 min , respectively .Results The HLA‐B27 positive rate of 5 μL group at different reaction time were (84 .16 ± 1 .21)% ,(94 .81 ± 1 .33)% ,(94 .10 ± 1 .26)% ;the positive rate of 10 μL group at different reaction time were (85 .40 ± 1 .27)% ,(96 .76 ± 1 .31)% , (95 .36 ± 1 .45)% .The positive rate of HLA‐B27 in 10 μL group was higher than 10 μL group(F=90 .08 ,P<0 .05) .The positive rate of HLA‐B27 after reacting for 10 and 15 min were higher than that after reacting for 5 min(F=60 .25 ,P<0 .05) .There was not statistically significantly different between the reaction time of 10 min and 15 min(F=1 .08 ,P>0 .05) .Conclusion The opti‐mal dose and reaction time of HLA‐B27 antibody in flow cytometry are 10μL and 10 min;There is not any interaction between anti‐body dose and the reaction time of HLA‐B27 antibody .

Objective]This paper is for the theoretical formation of clear livering factors development process . [Method]Adopt the method of literature investigation, explore the meaning of liver governing smoothing and dispersing Qi. [Result]It has three meanings: Like smooth doesn't like depression;dredge(The ascending and descending of Qi);spread. The support theory behind it is:Five elements theory;The movement theory of Qi;Zhu Zhenheng ’ s theory of“Liver Governs Smoothing and Dispersing”. Relationships between three meanings and support theory is:With five elements theory explaining the function of the liver governing smoothing and dispersing Qi ,it eventual y uses the movement theory of Qi; With Zhu Zhenheng ’s theory of“Liver Governs Smoothing and Dispersing”, explain the function of the liver governing smoothing and dispersing Qi is different from the the movement theory of Qi. [Conclusion]Liver governing smoothing and dispersing Qi is a new theory of reconstruction by modern scientific theories and methods.

Objective To further approach the effect of miR-33 to melanoma cells line B16F10 proliferation and apoptosis.Methods Constructing targeted miR-33 over-expression mimics and inhibitor,the same B16F10 cells were divided into five groups,control group,miR-33 mimics group,mimics control group,miR-33 inhibitor group,inhibitor control group,then gene transfer technology was used to transfer corresponding gene into B16F10 cells.The effect of miR-33 on B16F10 cell' s proliferation and apoptosis were analysed.Results The relative miR-33 gene expression of miR-33 mimics group (1773.3±245.83) was higher than that of control group,which had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.01).The gene expression of miR-33 inhibitor group (0.6973±0.1958) was lower than those of control group and inhibitor control group.The cell growth rate of miR-33 mimics group was lower than those of control group and the trend after transfection 48 h (1.1875±0.0502) and 72 h (1.7500±0.0933) was significant (P ＜ 0.05).The cell apoptotic ratio of miR-33 mimics group [(1.8050±0.2050) ％] was higher than that of control group [(1.13000±0.1414) ％] (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with control group the cell proportion ofG1 period in miR-33 mimics group [(62.7000±1.7321) ％]increased,the cell proportion of S period [(23.4000±2.5044) ％] decreased,both of them had statistical significance (both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion miR-33 over-expression can restrain the proliferation of B16F10 cells line,promote B16F10 cells' apoptosis.

AIM: To observe the therapeutic effect of Meituokang(Floium Ginkgo Extract and Tertram Ethypyrazine injection) combined with western medicine in treating patients with angina pectoris. METHODS: 74 patients with angina pectoris were randomly divided into two groups,the control group(38 cases) were only treated with the routine Isosorbide Mononitrate; Metoprolol;Amlodipine;Aspirin enteric coated tablets and the treatment group(36 cases) were treated with Meituokang Injection qd,iv gtt besides the conventional treatment method of the control group.The course lasted 14 days. RESULTS: In comparison,the total efficacy rate of angina pectoris and the electrocardiogram(ECG) were 94.44% and 80.56% in the treatment group and 76.32% and 52.63% in the control group,respectively.There was significant difference between two groups by statistical analysis(P