OBJECTIVE:To study the preparation of the ligustrazine hydrochloride liposome and evaluate its quality.METHODS:The liposome was prepared by various methods on a trial basis.The entrapped efficiency(EE)of the liposome derived from passive loading and active loading was compared.RESULTS:The ammonim sulfate gradient technology had the highest EE of 48.63%and its mean size was 6.5?m and the pH was 5.93.It was stable in refrigeratory(4℃～10℃)storage for 30 days.CONCLUSION:The ammonim sulfate gradient technology of preparation of the ligustrazine hydrochloride liposome is feasible.

Objective To explore the role of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) in the pathogenesis of human gastric cancer. Methods Thirty patients with primary gastric cancers who were diagnosed and treated at our hospital were enrolled into the current study. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to check the ex-pression of GAD protein. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) was performed to ex-amine the expression of GADmRNA. Then investigated the relationships among the sites of gastric cancer, depth of infiltration, and degree of differentiation, staging and lymphatic metastasis. Results Immunohisto-chemistry analysis showed that GAD expression decreased in gastric cancer tissues compared with that of ad-jacent normal tissue(P

Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease that causes the periodontal bone destruction and may ultimately result in tooth loss.With the progression of periodontitis,the osteoimmunology microenvironment in periodontitis is damaged and leads to the formation of pathological alveolar bone resorption.CD301b+macrophages are specific to the osteoimmunology microenvironment,and are emerging as vital booster for conducting bone regeneration.However,the key upstream targets of CD301b+macrophages and their potential mechanism in periodontitis remain elusive.In this study,we concentrated on the role of Tim4,a latent upstream regulator of CD301b+macrophages.We first demonstrated that the transcription level of Timd4(gene name of Tim4)in CD301b+macrophages was significantly upregulated compared to CD301b-macrophages via high-throughput RNA sequencing.Moreover,several Tim4-related functions such as apoptotic cell clearance,phagocytosis and engulfment were positively regulated by CD301b+macrophages.The single-cell RNA sequencing analysis subsequently discovered that Cd301b and Timd4 were specifically co-expressed in macrophages.The following flow cytometric analysis indicated that Tim4 positive expression rates in total macrophages shared highly synchronized dynamic changes with the proportions of CD301b+macrophages as periodontitis progressed.Furthermore,the deficiency of Tim4 in mice decreased CD301b+macrophages and eventually magnified alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis.Additionally,Tim4 controlled the p38 MAPK signaling pathway to ultimately mediate CD301b+macrophages phenotype.In a word,Tim4 might regulate CD301b+macrophages through p38 MAPK signaling pathway in periodontitis,which provided new insights into periodontitis immunoregulation as well as help to develop innovative therapeutic targets and treatment strategies for periodontitis.