Objective To assess the value of MSCT in the evaluation of the anatomy and variation of hepatic veins for living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) donors and the significance of vessel variation in surgical operation. Methods A total of 238 subjects who wanted to be the donors of LDLT underwent MSCT plain and enhanced examination, and the hepatic veins were evaluated. Results Among all 238 subjects, according to Nakamura's classification of hepatic veins, 164 were type Ⅰ, 60 were type Ⅱ, 14 were type Ⅲ. The left hepatic vein (LHV) shared a common trunk with the middle one in 167 subjects. Branches of Ⅷ going along the cross section and diameter larger than 5 mm were detected in 105 subjects. The Ⅳ segment veins drained into MHV in 68, into LHV in 7 subjects. Right inferior hepatic vein with diameter larger than 3 mm was found in 108 subjects, while the distance between RHV and IRHV were larger than 4 cm in 55 subjects. Conclusion MSCT can offer details and exact information about the donors pre-operation, and is an important non-invasive method for the evaluation of hepatic veins of potential LDLT donors.

While the number of the enrolled postgraduate students is continuously increased and the various reforms go in depth, there appear some new problems and contradictions in the education of doctorial students.Among those problems,the lack of the doctorial student resource,especially the lack of the excellent doctorial student resource,is the most prominent problem that re- stricts the progress of the doctorial student education.In order to solve these problems,this article analyzes the factors influencing the resource of the students and put forward the strategy to deal with these factors.

Background The key premise of genetic research and treatment is to select the desired gene vector,ultrasound microbubbles as a new type of gene vector can safe,fast and effectively enhance the gene transfection and expression by reversibility increasing the permeability of cells. Objective This study was to observe the effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor(CNTF)gene mediated by ultrasound microbubbles intraocular transfer on visual function and retinal ganglion cell(BGCs)after optic nerve injury. Methods Fifty-five adult Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divided into 6 groups randomly,including normal control group(n=5),sham injury group(n=10),simple injury group(n=10),naked plasmid group(n=10),plasmid+ultrasonic irradiation group(n=10)and ultrasound microbubbles group(n=10).The model of optic nerve injury Was made by forceps clip on the fight optic nerve.and the corresponding intervene was performed in different groups.Flash visual evoked potential(F

Objective To investigate the alteration of mast cell(MC)in elderly patients with reflux esophagitis(RE). Methods Twenty eight elderly and 15 non-elderly patients with RE were recruited.Lower esophageal mucosal mast cells and the percentage of degranulated mast cells were countered after immunohistochemieal staining.The ultrastrueture of mast cells was observed by eleetromieroscope. Results The number of mast cells in lower esophageal mucosa in elderly patients with RE was significantly more than that in non-elderly patients with RE(10.24±2.56 VS.5.07±0.18,P＜0.01),and the percentage of degranulated mast cells in lower esophageal mucosa was also significantly higher in elderly patients with RE than in non-elderly patients with RE[(24.7±4.6)%vs.(13.5±5.5)%,P＜0.01].The more severe the esophageal mucosallesions,the more the numberof mast cells. Under the electromicroscopy, more Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and endoplasm-reticulum were found in mast cells.Special secreting particles were also found in cytoplasm,more vacuole were left behind after mast cells degranulation in elderly patients with RE.Conclusions Increased numbers of mast cells and mast cell activation may be involved in the pathogenesis of elderly RE.

Objective To investigate the prompt value of abnormal vaginal morphology on diagnosing pelvic organ prolapse . Methods Forty eight pelvic organ prolapse female patients diagnosed by pelvic organ prolapse quantification were enrolled in the pelvic organ prolapse group and 51 normal female volunteers were enrolled in the control group in this study. Pelvic MRI T2WI were performed in all cases. The vaginal shape were evaluated according to Delancey Ⅱ level on the transverse images, which were divided into two categories:normal morphology (H-shaped) and abnormal morphology(non H-shaped). The vaginal shape distribution of different prolapse degree(0,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳstage) and types(anterior,middle, posterior pelvic prolapse) were recorded. Chi-square test was used to analyse distribution difference of vaginal shape between the two groups. The ROC curve was used to analyse the diagnostic efficiency of abnormal vaginal morphology for diagnosing pelvic organ prolapse. Results In the control group, there were 40 cases with normal vaginal morphology and 11 cases with abnormal morphology mainly including W-shaped and U-shaped abnormal morphology. In the prolapse group, there were 5 cases with normal vaginal morphology and 43 cases with abnormal morphologymainly including U-shaped (13 cases), W-shaped (26 cases) and O-shaped(4 cases) abnormal morphology. There was significant difference between the two groups(c2=46.137,P<0.01). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.800. The sensitivity and specificity of abnormal vaginal shape for diagnosing pelvic organ prolapse were 89.6% and 78.4%respectively.The distribution of vaginal morphology in different degrees and types of prolapse were different:vaginal morphology of 0 stage prolapse showed H-typed mainly (40/51, 78.4%), Ⅰ stage prolapse showed W-shaped (16/28 57.1%), Ⅱ,Ⅲ stage prolapse all showed non H-shaped (20/20, 100%), Ⅱstage mainly showed W-shaped (9/14), Ⅲ stage mainly showed O-shaped (3/6). Anterior pelvic organ prolapse were manifested mainly with W-shaped vaginal morphology (4/9) and middle pelvic organ prolapse mainly showed O-shaped vaginal morphology (4/7). Conclusions The abnormal vaginal morphology has the prompt value on diagnosing pelvic organ prolapse.Moreover, the different shape probably indicates the different degrees and types of pelvic organ prolapse.

From original concept and literature of acupoint, the concept and clinical significance of ashi method is discussed, which clarifies that the essence of ashi method is to locate the acupoints by patients' sensitivity on force. The clinical application of heat-sensitive moxibustion has illustrated that positioning method of this therapy is based on the appearance of heat-sensitive moxibustion sensation. Although both types are based on patients' feeling, positioning method of heat-sensitive moxibustion stands on a new angle and uses a new method to locate acupoint. Therefore, it is believed that the positioning method of heat-sensitive moxibustion is the inheritance and development of ashi method.
Acupuncture Points ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Moxibustion ; history ; methods ; Sensation

OBJECTIVE: Explore the model of universal NICU newborns' hearing screening in high-risk neonates, preliminary understanding factor of hearing damage. METHOD: Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) and automatic auditory brainstem response (AABR) were used to detect newborns' hearing in 13 315 objects, that is newborns' hearing screening in NICU with TEOAE test who not pass, 42 days after will use AABR rescreening. Children's Hearing Center of Guangxi Child Health Hospital will diagnose the newborns that did not pass in 3 months. RESULT: In these 13 315 newborns, 5 151 subjects who did not pass the initial screening, 1910 subjects who also did not pass after 42 days, 1167 subjects cannot pass the rescreening after 3 months, 642 subjects were diagnosed congenital hearing impairment by Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential Test, the rate is 4.82%. CONCLUSION TEOAE and AABR are the suitable model of universal newborns' hearing screening in high-risk neonates.
Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Male ; Neonatal Screening

OBJECTIVE: To investigate characteristics of molecular etiology of children with profound sensorineural hearing loss in Hubei province, and to provide reference for deafness treatment and genetic counseling. METHOD: Three hundred and six children with profound sensorineural hearing loss in Hubei province were enrolled, their genomic DNA were extracted from peripheral blood and a deafness gene test chip was used to screen nine hot spot mutation in the GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4, and mitochondria 12SrRNA gene. All patients with SLC26A4 gene mutation were given temporal bone CT scan. RESULT: One hundred and thirty-two (43.14%) out of 306 children were found carrying at least one pathogenic gene mutation. The mutation rates of GJB2, SLC26A4 and mitochondria DNA 12SrRNA gene were 29.41% (90/306), 13.72% (42/306) and 0.65% (2/306), respectively. None out of 306 children was detected GJB3 gene mutation. Thirty-six patients carrying SLC26A4 gene mutation were detected enlarged vestibular aqueduct by CT scan. CONCLUSION Mutations of GJB2 and SLC26A4 gene are two major pathogenic gene for genetic hearing loss in children. 235delC mutation is the main mutation type, followed by IVS7-2A> G mutation type. The screening of SLC26A4 gene common mutations contribute to the diagnosis of enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Connexin 26 ; Connexins ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Deafness ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Sulfate Transporters

OBJECTIVETo discuss the treatment effect of immunoglobulin in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS).

METHODSThe clinical data of AIDS with GBS, diagnosed by clinical and laboratory methods, were retrospectively analyzed, and literature retrieval analyzed.

RESULTSAfter treatment by immunoglobulin and antiviral. The patient's peripheral nerve injury recovered, and the number of HIV decreased.

CONCLUSIONImmunoglobulin has a therapeutic effect for HIV infection related GBS, and beneficial to antiviral treatment.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; immunology ; Aged ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; therapeutic use ; Male

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the liver T1rho values for detecting fibrosis, and the potential impact of fatty liver on T1rho measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 18 healthy subjects, 18 patients with fatty liver, and 18 patients with liver fibrosis, who underwent T1rho MRI and mDIXON collections. Liver T1rho, proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and T2* values were measured and compared among the three groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the T1rho values for detecting liver fibrosis. Liver T1rho values were correlated with PDFF, T2* values and clinical data. RESULTS: Liver T1rho and PDFF values were significantly different (p < 0.001), whereas the T2* (p = 0.766) values were similar, among the three groups. Mean liver T1rho values in the fibrotic group (52.6 ± 6.8 ms) were significantly higher than those of healthy subjects (44.9 ± 2.8 ms, p < 0.001) and fatty liver group (45.0 ± 3.5 ms, p < 0.001). Mean liver T1rho values were similar between healthy subjects and fatty liver group (p = 0.999). PDFF values in the fatty liver group (16.07 ± 10.59%) were significantly higher than those of healthy subjects (1.43 ± 1.36%, p < 0.001) and fibrosis group (1.07 ± 1.06%, p < 0.001). PDFF values were similar in healthy subjects and fibrosis group (p = 0.984). Mean T1rho values performed well to detect fibrosis at a threshold of 49.5 ms (area under the ROC curve, 0.855), had a moderate correlation with liver stiffness (r = 0.671, p = 0.012), and no correlation with PDFF, T2* values, subject age, or body mass index (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: T1rho MRI is useful for noninvasive detection of liver fibrosis, and may not be affected with the presence of fatty liver.
Body Mass Index ; Fatty Liver* ; Fibrosis ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prospective Studies* ; Protons ; ROC Curve