Objective To explore the value of time-invariant CTA in assessing collateral circulation of patients with acute ischemic stroke and assisting clinicians in predicting clinical outcomes.Methods The score of collateral circulation was compared between single-phase and time-invariant CTA.NIHSS score was calculated at admission and two weeks after admission.A 50% or greater decrease in NIHSS score over two weeks was considered as major neurologic improvement,which showed good clinical outcome;otherwise,it indicated bad outcome.The predictive ability of time-invariant CTA for clinical outcomes was assessed based on ROC curves.Results Compared with single-phase CTA,more collateral vessels could be viewed on time-invariant CTA.The average score of collateral circulation on time-invariant and single-phase CTA was 1.50±0.69 and 1.15±0.49 respectively (P=0.006<0.05 ).Time-invariant CTA had the moderate predictive ability for clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AUC=0.810;P=0.032<0.05). Conclusion The time-invariant CTA showed potential value in assessing collateral circulation of patients with acute ischemic stroke and assisting clinicians in predicting clinical outcomes.

Objective To investigate how vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) up-regulates intercellular adhesion molecule-1 via protein kinase C(PKC)/ nitric oxide(NO) pathway in the retina of diabetic rats.Methods All the rats were divided into 4 groups: normal,diabetes,diabetes+PKCI and control groups.Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of STZ.PKC inhibitor GF109203X was injected intravitreally after 5 months of streptozotocin induced diabetes.NO was determined by nitrate reductase method.VEGF and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) were measured by Western blot.Results VEGF and NO expressions increased obviously in the retina of diabetic rats compared with those in the normal group(P

Objective To explore the in vitro isolation of ?2m-/Thy-1+ bone marrow-derived liver stem cells(BDLSCs) which bear double features of stem and liver cells from bone marrow stem cells(BMSCs)as so to provide suitable donor cells for the treatment of liver diseases by cellular transplant. Methods ?2m-/Thy-1+ BDLSCs were isolated by magnetic bead cell sorting(MACS) method from cholestatic rats in vitro,and cell purity was detected using flow cytometry.Liver associated phenotype markers were characterized by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining. Results BDLSCs isolated by MACS were purified and viable,and possessed hepatocyte-like features at gene and protein levels. Conclusion ?2m-/Thy-1+ BDLSCs are special subsets of BMSCs which may have promising potentials in the stem cell-based treatment of liver diseases.

The study is to develop a method to determine 3 batches leaves of Nauclea officinalis and stems of N. officinalis by HPLC. The differences between strictosamide contents and fingerprints was compared, then chromatographic peak of fingerprints was validated with the assistance of LC-MS. The strictosamide contents in stems of N. officinalis were higher than leaves of N. officinalis. The main chemical composition in leaves of N. officinalis and stems of N. officinalis were alkaloid which revealed by LC-MS. There are 7 chemical compositions were same between them, but the chemical composition in leaves of N. officinalis is more than stems of N. officinalis. This provides a scientific basis for the development of the potential medicinal value of leaves of N. officinalis and the sustainable utilization of N. officinalis.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Rubiaceae ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

OBJECTIVETo observe the anti-inflammatory effect of total saponins of Panax japonicus on LPS-induced RAW264. 7 macrophages.

METHODThe effect of total saponins of P. japonicus of different concentrations on RAW264. 7 cell viability was determined with the MTT method. The NO kit assay was adopted to detect the NO release of total saponins of P. japonicus to LPS-induced RAW264. 7 cells. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1-beta (IL-1beta). The reverse transeriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) ,TNF-alpha,IL-1beta. The protein expression of nuclear transcription factor-kappaB p65 (NF-kappaB p65) was tested by Western blot.

RESULTThe safe medication range of total saponins of P. japonicus was less than 80 mg x L(-1). Compared with the LPS model group, total saponins of P. japonicus high, middle and low dose groups (0.1, 1, 10, 40 mg x L(-1)) could significantly reduce the secretion of NO, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta of LPS-induced RAW264. 7 cells, and inhibit the expressions of iNOS, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta mRNA and the protein expression of NF-kappaB p65.

CONCLUSIONThis study preliminarily proves the protective effect of total saponins of P. japonicus on LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Its action mechanism may be related to NF-kappaB signal pathway.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; immunology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; adverse effects ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; immunology ; Mice ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; immunology ; Nitric Oxide ; immunology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; genetics ; immunology ; Panax ; chemistry ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Saponins ; pharmacology

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized from the extract of Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma and the optimization of synthesis was studied. The absorbance of UV-visible spectroscopy was determined under the different influencing factors such as extracting time of Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma powder, reation temperature of synthesis, volume of Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma extract and concentration of AgNO3 to seek the optimization conditions. By means of FT-IR, TEM, DLS and XRD, the silver nanoparticles were characterized. The results showed that when the boiling time of Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma powder was 5 min, resultant temperature was 25 degrees C, the volume ratio of 0.1 g x mL(-1) Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma extract and 1 mmol x L(-1) AgNO3 was 1 to 10, and the reaction time was 3.5 h, the obtained silver nanoparticles had mean size about 27 nm and Zeta potential about -34.3 mV with good uniformity and dispersivity. Therefore, the green synthesis method of silver nanoparticles using extract of traditional Chinese medicine is stable and feasible.
Fagopyrum ; chemistry ; Light ; Metal Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Particle Size ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Scattering, Radiation ; Silver ; chemistry ; Silver Nitrate ; chemistry ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Temperature ; X-Ray Diffraction

Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) fingerprint of Rhodiola rosea medicinal materials was established, and used to distinguish the quality of raw materials from different sources. Pulse sequence for water peak inhibition was employed to acquire 1H-NMR spectra with the temperature at 298 K and spectrometer frequency of 400.13 MHz. Through subsection integral method, the obtained NMR data was subjected to similarity analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). 10 batches raw materials of Rhodiola rosea from different origins were successfully distinguished by PCA. The statistical results indicated that rhodiola glucoside, butyl alcohol, maleic acid and alanine were the main differential ingredients. This method provides an auxiliary method of Chinese quality approach to evaluate the quality of Rhodiola crenulata without using natural reference substances.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Principal Component Analysis ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Rhodiola ; chemistry

After 28 foreign species of AM fungi were inoculated in sterilized soil, the effects of the AM mycorrhizal colonization and the medicine quality of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis were observed by combination of inoculation test in pot at room temperature and instrumental analysis. The results showed that, compared with control group (CK), the inoculation of foreign AM fungi in the soil influenced the spore density, mycorrhizal infection rate, and colonization intensity of AM fungi in root system of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. The inoculation of foreign AM fungi enhanced the mycorrhiza viability of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis by increasing the activity of succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in intraradical hyphae. The content of single steroid saponin in rhizome of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis showed variation after P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis was inoculated by different foreign species of AM fungi, which was beneficial for increasing the medicine quality; however, the kinds of steroid saponin showed no difference. In a degree, there was a selectivity of symbiosis between P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and foreign AM fungi. And we found that the Claroideoglomus claroideum and Racocetra coralloidea were best foreign AM fungi species for cultivating P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis under field condition.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Fungi ; classification ; growth & development ; Liliaceae ; chemistry ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Mycorrhizae ; classification ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Quality Control

Objective:To study the effects and mechanisms of acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid ( AKBA) in myocardial ischemic model induced by isoproterenol hydrochloride ( ISO) in rats. Methods:The SD rats were randomly divided into the sham group, model group, AKBA low dose group and AKBA high dose group. Myocardial injury model was induced by subcutaneous injection of ISO (100 mg·kg-1 ) . The change of ST segment in ECG was observed. Creatine kinase ( CK-MB) , cardiac troponin I ( cTnI) , lactate dehydro-genase( LDH) , malondialdehyde( MDA) and superoxide dismutase( SOD) in the blood were detected by ELISA. The change of histo-logical tissue was determined by HE staining, and cell apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL assay. Results: Serum CK-MB, cTnI and LDH were decreased significantly in AKBA high dose group when compared with those in the model group. Compared with that in the model group, MDA content was lowered and the SOD activity was increased in AKBA high dose group. Furthermore, AKBA high dose group improved the pathologic changes of myocardium. TUNEL assay revealed significant reduction of cardiomyocytes apoptosis in the hearts of the ischemic rats in AKBA high dose group. Conclusion:AKBA has excellent cardioprotective effect on myocardial ischemic induced by ISO and protection of myocardial cells from injury.

Inosiplex is a compound formulation composed of inosine and p-acetaminobenzoic acid (PABA) salt of N,N-dimethylamino-2-propanol (DIP). This study was to investigate the clinical plasma pharmacokinetic properties of DIP and PABA after single and multiple oral doses of inosiplex tablets in healthy Chinese volunteers. The established LC/MS/MS method for plasma DIP determination had a linear range of 0.02-10 mg/mL, and the HPLC method for plasma PABA determination had a linear range of 0.05-40 mg/mL. Linear pharmacokinetic characteristics were found with single oral doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g. No obvious accumulation effects were observed for DIP and PABA.