Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of glucagon?like peptide?1(GLP?1)analogues exenatide and liraglutide on body weight in patients with type 2 diabetics mellitus. Methods Such databases as PubMed,Embase,CNKI and CMFD(1987?2014)were searched for randomized controlled trials. The meta?analysis was performed on the extracted related data using the software STATA 11. Results Totally 31 RCTs (7 036 patients)were included. The meta?analysis on body weight in these patients showed the following findings:compared to controls,liraglutide (1.8 mg)effectively decreased body weight(WMD=-0.45,95%CI:-0.59,-0.31);compared to positive controls,liraglutide(1.2 mg and 1.8 mg) also effectively decreased body weight(WMD=-0.91. 95%CI:-1.07,-0.75;WMD=-0.78,95%CI:-1.02,-0.54). Compared to controls,exena?tide(5μg and 10μg)effectively decreased body weight(WMD=-0.36,95%CI:-0.64,-0.09;WMD=-0.99,95%CI:-1.27,-0.72);compared to positive controls,exenatide(10μg)also effectively decreased body weight(WMD=-1.14,95%CI:-1.46,-0.82). Conclusion As novel intes?tinal pancreatotropic hormone analogues,exenatide and liraglutide can effectively reduce body weight,providing new alternatives of hypoglycemic agents for patients with type 2 diabetics mellitus.

A co-words network for high frequency words was established using the title information of papers pub-lished in 22 medical journals from 2005 to 2013.The evolution of medical scientific research topics was analyzed with the visual analysis software NEViewer, which showed that medical research in China was focused on basic and application studies with the prevention and treatment of frequently encountered diseases and the associated technical methods as the two main directions, and that medical scientific research topics would remain their stable status in a rather long period.The hot medical topics were explained.

Anticonvulsants ; adverse effects ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Epilepsy ; drug therapy ; Female ; Fructose ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of bandage contact lens on patients after the pterygium excision surgery.Methods 200 patients with pterygium excision were used retrospectively analysis and were divided into control group and observation group by random digital table method.Patients in observation group wore bandage contact lens while those in control group did not (traditional method).The degree of pain in both groups was evaluated at 8 hours,24 hours and 48 hours after surgery.In addition,patients were surveyed for the satisfaction of our treatment when discharge.Results The ocular foreign body sensation,eye burning,tears and eye open difficult were obviously decreased in observation group (t=5.643,10.315,P ＜ 0.01).The overall comfort level of the patients in observation group was obviously improved.pain feeling of the eye after surgery in 8h,24h and 48h markedly decreased in observation group (t=6.196-12.495,P ＜ 0.01).The degree of satisfaction scores of preoperative guidancein,postoperative pain control,emotion,mental nursing,self-care ability,comfort in observation group were (1.59-0.62) points,(1.83±0.70) points,(1.42±0.68) points,(1.42±0.68) points,(1.48±0.67) points,(1.29±0.77) points,(1.43-0.64)points which were obviously increased than (0.76±0.55) points,(0.83±0.64points,(0.82±0.56) points,(0.80±0.47) points,(0.79±0.61) points,(0.66±0.54) points (t=4.311-9.354,all P＜ 0.01).Conclusions Compared with traditional treatment,bandage contact lens can significantly reduce the discomforts after the pterygium excision surgery,and increase the postoperative comforts of patients.It proves that bandage contact lens have extensive clinical value.

BACKGROUND:Research on liver transplantation has not just focused on survival rate and survival time, and the quality of life has become a new field of study. However, it is stil a blank about the quality of life of liver transplant recipients in Xinjiang. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the quality of life of liver transplant recipients in Xinjiang and to explore the main risk factors for the quality of life in patients. METHODS: A Chinese version of the SF-36 health survey was used to retrospectively evaluate the quality of life of liver transplant recipients in Xinjiang. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The scores of al eight dimensions in the patients with liver transplantation ranged from 60.6±18.7 to 93.9±22.1. Primary diseases, operation method, marital status, level of education, occupation, gender and age could influence the quality of life of the liver transplant recipients, but nation, income and the way of medical insurance had no significant effect on the quality of life. These findings indicate that there is no obvious difference in the quality of life between liver transplant recipients and normal population, and the scores in six dimensions are higher in the liver transplant recipients than normal population, which is further confirmed that liver transplantation is an effective way for treatment of advanced liver disease.

Long-term endurance training or physical activity has been confirmed not only to improve physical performance, but to bring about an obvious beneficial effect on human health; however, the mechanism of this effect is not clear. The most studied health adaptations in skeletal muscle response to endurance exercise are increased muscle glycogen level and insulin sensitivity, fiber type transformation toward oxidative myofibers, and increased mitochondrial content/function. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles in eukaryotic cells critical in physical performance and disease occurrence. The mitochondrial life cycle spans biogenesis, maintenance, and clearance. Exercise training may promote each of these processes and confer positive impacts on skeletal muscle contractile and metabolic functions. This review focused on the regulation of these processes by endurance exercise and discussed its potential benefits in health and disease. We presented evidence suggesting that exercise training potentiates not only the biogenesis of mitochondria but also the removal of old and unhealthy mitochondria through mitochondrial quality control.
Adaptation, Physiological ; Exercise ; Humans ; Mitochondria ; physiology ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiology

To search the effective health education to the hypertension patients and to decrease complication such as cerebrovascular ailment,106 hypertension patients were divided into two groups randomly:the interference (52) and the control (54).The interference group is treated with health education and health promotion constantly (Base line:1996,end line 1999).The results of 2 times investigations at the base line and end line respectively to the groups show that:the KAB in both groups were improved,and the interference improved notably,especially in behavior.The percentage of the patients who care about danger factors and hygeine knowledge rise from 68% (base line) to 78.6% and the percentage of the patients who did exercise constantly rise from 58.9% to 71.4%.It is also showed that,in periodic measurement of blood pressure and regular administration of medicine,the interference group behaved better than the contrast (P<0.01).We can conclude that giving face to face health education and health promotion to hypertension patients is a effective way to prevent and control hypertension complications

To search the effective health education to the hypertension patients and to decrease complication such as cerebrovascular ailment,106 hypertension patients were divided into two groups randomly:the interference (52) and the control (54).The interference group is treated with health education and health promotion constantly (Base line:1996,end line 1999).The results of 2 times investigations at the base line and end line respectively to the groups show that:the KAB in both groups were improved,and the interference improved notably,especially in behavior.The percentage of the patients who care about danger factors and hygeine knowledge rise from 68% (base line) to 78.6% and the percentage of the patients who did exercise constantly rise from 58.9% to 71.4%.It is also showed that,in periodic measurement of blood pressure and regular administration of medicine,the interference group behaved better than the contrast (P

Objective To explore the effects of improved preparation before urodynamic examination in the elderly patients with voiding disfunction.Methods Totally 424 elderly patients underwent urodynamic examination after improvement of the preparation approach according to pathophysiological characteritics of the elderly patients,and 248 elderly patients before the approach improved in our center were collected as control.The compliance,discontinuation and repetition rate of urodynamic examination were compared between the two groups.Results The compliance of patients who used the improved preparation approach was significantly higher than control (92.5％ vs.59.3％,x2=106.428,P＜0.001).Whereas the discontinuation and repetition rates of urodynamic examination in the improved group were decreased as compared with control group ( 1.2％ vs.6.9％,x2 =14.176,P=0.0002; 8.5％ vs.21.4％,x2 =21.487,P＜0.001).Conclusions The improved preparation approach according to the pathophysiological characteritics of elderly patients is worthy to popularize in the urodynamic centers.

According to the existing Provisions for Drug Registration (SFDA Order No. 28), applications for new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine are divided into two parts: the applications for drug clinical trial and for drug production (including new drug certificate). It will last for about 10 years from the application for drug clinical trial to get approving, and it also remains many problems and the low probability to succeed. From the sight of pharmaceutical review, there are mainly two aspects of regulatory compliance and technical issues, mainly for changes without approval of the competent authorities of the country. For example, sample preparation and approval of clinical trial process are significant changes. Technical problems are reporting incomplete data or information submitted does not comply with the technical requirements for review, such as: production process validation does not provide information, the preparation of samples for clinical trials and field inspection, production information, or the information provided does not meet the technical requirements. This paper summarizes the frequently asked questions and to make recommendations to advise applicants concerned, timely detection of problems, avoid risk, improving the quality and efficiency of the application for registration.
China ; Drug Approval ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Drug Evaluation ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Legislation, Drug ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional